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LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. 



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Shelf. .kLV.£2.3£ 
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UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 



1 



"NON-PARTISANSHIP; 



V 



OR, 



"Do Tlot TaKBTempeiancB Into Polities. 



BY A FRIEND OF TEMPERANCE. 



"DOMIPIEMPEPCEIPIOPOIIIICS!" 



Reprinted from the First Edition. 

A Pamphlet of eightj-two pages, bearing the above title, and written by a capable 
and ardent Temperance reformer, whose name does not appear, has been laid upon 
our table. It is written to refute the maxim which, as quoted above, forms the title of 
the book. It is devoted, mainly, to an exposition of the ascendency which the liquor 
interest, and especially the Brewers , Trade, has attained in State and national politics. 
The main source of information in the compilation of these pages has been the Pro- 
ceedings of the successive Brewers' Congresses for the last eighteen years. The array 
of facts which is here displayed is saddening and alarming. No higher testimony to 
the value of the pamphlet could be asked than the following letter to the author from 
one of the most distinguished Temperance Reformers in the United States : — Ed. "Chris- 
tian Statesman" Philadelphia, Pa. 

" I have read about one-third of your pamphlet (all I could find time to read as 
yet) under feelings of depression and great fear akin to nightmare. The record you 
present is horrible in the fullness of its proof as to the power of the brewers in our 
partv politics and over party men and government officials. So far as I know I am 
the only temperance man who has kept booked in some degree in the proceedings 
and effect of the trade upon State and national politics, and have felt the need of 
this being unfolded and spread out before the people. But I confess the record, as 
spread before me in your book, confounds and paralyzes me." 



Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1888, by 

DUNLAP & CLARKE, 

In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, Washington, D. C. 



u 



NON-PARTISANSHIP;" 



OR, 



■ji_ m 



"DoKotTaXBTemperaiiGB Iiito Politics. 



BY A FRIEND OF TEMPERANCE. 



L2 1888 7 
2. *0 . 






Feice : Single copy, per mail, ----- 35 Cents. 

50 to 75, per express, not prepaid, 30 *' 

100 or more, " "• 25 « 

All orders must be prepaid in Money Order, Stamps or Check. 
Address G. H. CARROW, Lock Box 861, P. O. Philadelphia, Penn. 



INDEX TO THE ANNUAL MEETINGS 



United States Brewers' Association. 



PAGE 

The 1st Brewers' Congress opened Nov. 12th, 1862, New York 

" 2d " " " Feb. 4th, 1863, Philadelphia, Pa 3 

" 3d " " " Oct. 28th, 1863, Cincinnati, Ohio 3 

" 4th < k « " Sept. 8th, 1864, Milwaukee, Wis 4 

" 5th " " " Oct. 18th, 1865, Baltimore, Md 4 

" 6th " " " Oct. 18th, 1866, St. Louis, Mo 6 

" 7th " " " June 5th, 1867, Chicago, 111 7 

" 8th " " " July 8th, 1868, Buffalo, N. Y 8 

" 9th " " " June 2d, 1869, Newark, N. J 10 

" 10th " " " June 8th, 1870, Davenport, Iowa 11 

" 11th " " " June 7th, 1871, Pittsburg, Pa 12 

u 12th " " " June 5th, 1872, New York, N. Y 16 

" 13th u " " June 4th, 1873, Cleveland, Ohio 21 

"14th " ' ** June 3d, 1874, Boston, Mass 27 

" 15th " " " June 2d, 1875, Cincinnati, Ohio 35 

" 16th " " u June 7th, 1876, Philadelphia, Pa 43 

" 17th u Convention, " June 6th, 1877, Milwaukee, Wis 56 

u 18th " " " June 5th, 1878, Baltimore, Md 62 

" 19th " " " June 4th, 1879, St. Louis, Mo 52 

u 20th " " " June 2d, 1880, Buffalo, N. Y 97 

u 21st " " " May 11th, 1881, Chicago, 111 105 

" 22d " " " May 10th, 1882, Washington, D. C 116 

u 23d " " " May 16th, 1883, Detroit, Mich 129 

" 24th " " " May 21st, 1884, Rochester, N. Y 138 

" 25th " u " May 20th, 1885, New York, N. Y 148 

u 26th " " u Sept. 8th, 1886, Niagara Falls, N. Y.. 160 

-" 27th " " « May 25th, 1887, Baltimore, Md 175 



To American Patriots, Greeting: 

The first part of this book, to page 81, inclusive, was published in the spring 
of 1879. So many and emphatic were the commendatory notices by the Pro- 
hibition press and private letters ; so great has been its beneficial influence on 
the prohibition work, and so urgent were the demands for another and complete 
edition, that its present publication, in view of the respective status of the oppos- 
ing interests of the people and the liquor traffic, is a necessity. As will be seen 
the reports of the annual congresses, or conventions as they are now called, of the 
N. B. A., are brought down to date. The excerpts are full, to give the reader 
necessary material for accurate judgment of the ways and means employed by that 
section of the liquor league, known as the " National Brewers' Association," to 
compass its designs on the people and on the Republic. The patriot who is not 
alarmed at the terrible expose' here made, ought to be alarmed at the numbness 
of his conscience. 

The practical prohibitionist will receive the work as a skillful general receives 
the enemy's plan of campaign. With the hope that it may stimulate the torpid, 
enlighten the blind, convince the doubtful, warn the indifferent, arouse the Chris- 
tian, and stir patriot hearts to rescue our blood-bought Republic from the alien 
hands now compassing her destruction, the work is sent forth on its mission. 

Th>j Author. 
Philadelphia, Pa. 



DO NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS!" 



" No, gentlemen, first personal and then political liberty ! First Beer 
and then Politics — and if you are prudent and awake to your own 
interests you can have both at the same time, without the one inter- 
fering with the other." 

Mr. Louis Schade, Editor " Washington Sentinel" Brewers 9 
organ, Washington, D. C, and Attorney of United States Brewers 7 Association, 

" All parties to be .useful, must be founded upon political ideas which 
affect the frame-work of our Government, or the rights and immunities 
secured by law. Questions based upon temperance, religion, morality, 
in all their multiplied forms, ought not to be the basis of parties." 

John Sherman, at Alliance, Ohio, 1873. Reported by " Cincinnati Gazette." 

" Politics is but the application of morals to public affairs." 

Charles Sumner. 

"All parties in this country should be political parties. They ought 
not to be based upon religious or specially moral grounds ; hence, tem- 
perance parties and organizations of that kind, are not in accordance 
with the spirit of our institutions. Religion, morality, etc., should be 
left to the individual consciences of men." 

John Sherman, at New London, Ohio, 1873. " Cincinnati Gazette." 

" Of all the dispositions and habits which lead to political prosperity, 
religion and morality are indispensable supports. In vain would that 
man claim the tribute of patriotism who should labor to subvert these 
great pillars of happiness, these firmest props of the duties of men and 
citizens. The merest politician, equally with the pious man, ought to 
respect and cherish them. A volume could not trace their connection 
with private and public felicity." 

George Washington's Farewell Address* 

" Righteousness exalteth a nation ; but sin is a reproach to any people." 

Prov. xiv, 34. 

" The liquor traffic is the gigantic crime of crimes." 

Senator Morrill, United States Senate. 

" It is high time to show these scoundrels and robbers, that we will 
not quietly submit and become the slaves of their whims ; when they 
seek to rob us of our property, it becomes the duty of self-preserva- 
tion to defend our rights and our property, by force of arms if need be. 

(i) » 



With hearty thanks the efforts of those Brewers and their friends in 
Pennsylvania should be acknowledged, who exerted all their power and 
means to defeat the temperance men in the several counties; and, 
Pennsylvanians are firmly determined to let their blows fall still more 
effectively at the coming fall election, and to elect for State officers and 
even fot judges of the Supreme Court, men whom they can trust on 
this question." 

Speech of Fr. Lauer, Chairman of Brewers' Agitation Committee, at the Thirteenth 
Annual Brewers' Congress, June 4th, 1873, in reference to the Local Option Law of 
Pennsylvania. 

Query: — How many, professed temperance and Christian voters, 
party " friends of the brewers, exerted all their power and means to defeat 
the temperance men in the several counties/' under the specious plea? 

" DO NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS !" 

The slaughter of the law answers the question. 

Truly, " the children of this world are in their generation wiser than 
the children of light." 

However self-condemnatory the truth may be, an honest man will 
not hesitate to face it, confess it, and square his actions by it. 

Let us examine the validity of the above plea, we shall then be better 
able to weigh its strategic value, and the common-sense honesty of the 
pleaders. A skillful general storms or starves an entrenched enemy 
unto surrender of the fort. A traitor gives aid and comfort to the 
enemy, under cover of his uniform, and professions of allegiance. 

The United States Brewers' Association was formed, " to foster and 
protect the trade from many threatening dangers." 

What where these " threatening dangers ?" 

1st. The progress of the Prohibition Cause ; thirteen States and 
Territories having enacted the Maine Law, more than a million voters 
were pledged to its support. 

2d. Taxation that would cripple the beer trade. 

The introduction to the Constitution of the Brewers' Association 
reads as follows : 

1st. " That mutual co-operation is rendered necessary in such cases 
where the means of the individual are insufficient to attain a certain 
end." 

2d. " That the owners of breweries, separately, are unable to exer- 
cise a proper influence in the interest of the craft in the legislature and 
"ublic administration." 

3d. " That it appears especially necessary for the brewing trade that 
its interests be vigorously and energetically prosecuted before the legis- 
lative and executive departments, as this branch of business is of con- 
siderable political and financial importance, touching national interests 
generally, and exerting a direct as well as an indirect influence on 
political and social rdations." 



* Finally, that the truth, (?) based upon the experience of all civil- 
ized nations generally, should be vindicated — that the use of fermented 
beverages prevents intemperance and promotes real temperance, (??) 
and thus the manoeuvres of the temperance party, which aims at the 
suppression of freedom of conscience and of trade, be defeated." 

Behold the modus operandi ! 

Mr. Clausen, President of the Ninth Annual Brewers' Congress, in 
opening the proceedings, said : 

" It is necessary, to be successful in business, that we enter the poli- 
tical arena to protect ourselves against unconstitutional encroachments, 
otherwise we are continually threatened with the ruin of our capital 
and industry. We must work with energy in opposition to the tem- 
perance fanatics ; and therefore I call upon you for united, vigilant 
and energetic action and active participation in politics." 

Thus we heard, ten years ago, the President of the Brewers' Associa- 
tion, instructing Beer Apostles. Meanwhile, from the Temperance 
ranks rings out the apostate cry, 

"DO NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS !" 

Let us now follow the Brewers' wing of the Liquor League, and note 
year by year, their tactics and their victories. We shall learn, that, 
from the year of their organization, 1862, they have been a most potent 
and dangerous factor in our political system ; that the prohibition of 
temperance, and license of liquor in politics is party obedience to their 
commands, issued in the caucus and at the polls ; that, to-day, except 
the prohibition party, none dare withstand or offend them: and 
finally, that they have achieved this triumph, chiefly through the co- 
operation of the temperance voters. 

" As ye sow, so shall ye reap." 

The 1st Congress of the United States Brewers' Association 
Assembled in New t York City, Nov. 12th, 1862. 

Motto — "Union is Strength." 

A committee was appointed to correspond with the Internal Revenue 
Bureau. Also, a deputation to visit Washington to obtain a repeal of 
the order to tax beer brewed prior to September 1st; to urge the 
refunding of taxes so collected, and to propose an amendment of the 
law, granting relief. 



2d Congress, Philadelphia, Feb. 4th, 1863. 
Mr. Fred. Lauer, of Washington deputation, reported : — " Assurance 
l>y the Committee of Ways and Means, as well as members of Congress, 
that a supplementary bill would be passed granting the relief asked." 

(Speedy compliance ! N. B. — the dates.) 

3d Congress, Cincinnati, Ohio, Oct. 28th, 1863. 
F. Lauer, of Washington Agitation Committee, reported : " Satis- 



factory interviews with the Committee of Ways and Means." " The 
reduction of the tax on beer from one dollar to sixty cents per barrel. ,, 
The committee to consider " the best ways and means to prevent a 
passage of a law by Congress, which, by increasing the taxes on beer, 
would be the ruin of our business/' reported : 

" Whereas, The timely relief afforded by the Act of Congress, amended March 
3d, 1863, has enabled the brewers to continue to furnish a wholesome and nutri- 
tious (?) beverage to the people of the United States, whereby the consumption of 
malt liquors has largely increased, and our proportioned contribution" (?) (one 
dollar per barrel on beer, two dollars per gallon on whisky — Ed.) " to the support 
of the government been maintained ; and 

" Whereas, The circumstances which induced the passage of the above Act con- 
tinue in greater force by the unprecedented high prices of barley and hops, and 
the largely-increased expenses of brewing, in high prices of labor, fuel and every- 
thing that appertains to our business ; therefore, 

" Resolved, That a memorial .... praying Congress that at the expiration of 
the present amended Act, as before referred to, the tax on malt liquors be fixed at 
fifty cents a barrel, the other provisions remaining unchanged." 

4th Congress, Milwaukee, Sept. 8th, 1864. 

Mr. Fred. Collins, Delegate from Philadelphia, Pa., presented a 
communication received by him from United States Internal Revenue 
Commissioner Lewis, notifying " that the brewers were threatened with 
a very burdensome control/' {Faithful servant of the — Brewers?) 

Mr. Lauer, Chairman of Washington Agitation Committee, reported : 
" Almost daily correspondence with members of Congress," .... and 
" nine different visits to Washington." . ..." If your committee did 
not succeed in obtaining the reduction they asked for, they at least suc- 
ceeded in preventing the exorbitant rate of taxation which some had 
unwisely suggested, and which would have resulted in the entire destruc- 
tion of the brewing business, thus depriving our people of all classes of 
what is fast becoming the national beverage, and the government of 
the handsome revenue which its manufacture yields." ( The distillers' 
argument.) Mr. Lauer continues : " The brewing business in America 
is still in its infancy " (1864), " and yet it has attained a magnitude far 
beyond the conception of persons not acquainted with the great con- 
sumption of malt liquors, and the immense amount of capital invested 
in its manufacture." 

(Yes, thanks to the fostering care of the National Government, the 
welfare of the many is sacrificed to enrich the few. — Ed.) 

A permanent Agitation Committee, of at least one member out of 
every State, was appointed, " who, at any time when the tax on beer 
becomes the subject of discussion in the United States Congress, shall 
be ready to proceed to Washington." 

" A solemn and renewed protest against any increased tax upon beer " 
was entered upon the minutes. 

5th Congress, Baltimore, Oct. 18th, 1865. 

Internal Revenue Commissioner Wells, representing the United 
States Government, present. 

At this convention the brewers, " with the full concurrence of the 
government, as represented at this Congress," decided the time and 
manner of taxing beer. {Preferred Stock!) 



A meeting of brewers in Philadelphia, March 7th, 1865, had deter- 
mined " to send a committee to Europe to obtain information of the 
Excise Laws appertaining to malt liquors, for the guidance of the 
commissioners to be appointed by the Secretary of the United States 
Treasury, for the revision of the internal system of taxation, and pre- 
pare a bill for the consideration of Congress. " (Brewers dictating laws 
for the nation ! /) 

Internal Revenue Commissioner Wells, on being introduced as the 
representative of the United States, said : 

" I have come to hear, and not to speak ; at the same time, I can 
assure the meeting that it is the desire of the government to be thor- 
oughly informed of the requirements of the trade, and I will give infor- 
mation on all questions, in order to bring about a cordial understand- 
ing between the government and the trade in general." ( ! ! ) 

He continued : " By statistical reports it has been proven that six 
millions of barrels of beer are brewed annually, whilst only two and 
one-half millions had paid tax/' — " a deficiency of about sixty per cent." 

(Honest and honorable brewers ! — Ed.) 

Of the report of the European Committee, the Hon.. Commissioner 
said : " It contains a mass of information, arranged with much knowl- 
edge and skill of the most valuable kind, and I will attach it to my 
report to the Congress of the United States, to be printed for the benefit 
of the trade at the expense of the government" 

When shall Temperance Conventions be so honored and favored? 
For many years hundreds of thousands of citizens, from every part of 
the country, have vainly petitioned for a National Commission of In- 
quiry, to collect and report reliable statistics and facts relative to the 
liquor traffic ; while within six months the brewers' demands are incor- 
porated in a law that guarantees full protection and prosperity to their 
trade ! 

How does common sense explain the insults offered, with impunity, to 
temperance, while beer can command instant and obsequious patronage ? 

Politicians respect and obey the orders of the ballot-box. There- 
fore, if you desire to be respected and obeyed by your servants, rather 
than as slaves, kneel in petition to them, 

Do take Temperance into Politics ! 

Fred. Lauer, Chairman Washington Agitation Committee, reported 
to the Convention : " Success in inducing the Committee of Ways and 
Means to defer the proposed increase of fifty per cent, per barrel tax on 
beer ; also, exemption from taxation of beer consumed in breweries by 
work-people" (?) 

A stinging but just rebuke was administered to the United States 
Government by President Dubbs, of the Swiss Confederacy, when, in 
answer to the brewers' application for information relative to Excise 
Laws, he said : 



6 

" Are you not ashamed to come here from that great American 
Republic to examine into the old, rotten, despotic European Revenue 
Laws ? Switzerland has no such laws, neither would her people tolerate 
them. Her republican form of government costs very little, and all her 
public revenues are derived through an economical system of import 
duties." 

The Emperor of China, a heathen, stands before the world to-day a 
more faithful exponent of Christian ethics than does either England or 
America, so boastful of their Christian civilization. When importuned 
to derive a revenue from opium, he replied : 

" The opium traffic is forced upon us by treaty, but I never will con- 
sent that the State shall seek profit from the suffering and degradation 
of the people." 

This heathen ruler seems to understand that " the State exists for the 
benefit of the individual." England and America would do well to 
learn of him." 



6th Congress, St. Louis, Oct. 18th, 1866. 

Mr. Clausen, taking the chair, said :...." The government would 
take better care of them when they showed a readiness and disposition 
to take care of themselves." 

The Secretary read an address in which he said : " No new imjiosi- 
Hon or increase of tax will be placed on malt liquors by the government) 
without first communicating with this Association and getting their views 
upon it" " This is brought about by our brother-like co-operation. 
.... Do not believe that our labors are ended, and that the battle is 
over and victory won, but rather remember that just now a note of war 
is heard coming against us by fanatics, who, in pretending to support 
Sunday and temperance laws, are, in fact, trying to annihilate the self- 
respect and independence of mankind, and the liberty of conscience 
and trade." 

(None but liquor dealers have ever had even the legal right to carry 
on any trade injurious to society. A moral right does not, nor ever 
can exist. — Ed.) 

Mr. Lauer, of Washington Agitation Committee, reported a protest 
against the oppressive prohibition of distilling offal. Also, the ne- 
cessity of "a revival of the Reciprocity Treaty between Canada and 
the United States, as the Canada barley growth and trade have become 
a necessity to the United States brewing interest." He further said : 
"Malt liquor, as a beverage, has so far withstood all assaults from fa- 
naticism in whatever disguise. We urge upon the brewing interest the 
necessity of electing only such men to office who are liberal and willing 
to give our beverage an equal chance, and stand upon its own merits. 
We have no doubt that in a short time it will be here, as it is now in 
Europe, the national beverage. Morality follows in the wake of malt 
liquors." 

( For proof, see Sanger's History of Prostitution. — Ed.) 






Accepted, and the matter referred to a committee of five, who reported 

1. " That, for the coming year a committee shall be elected for the 
transaction of business in Washington with discretionary power in re- 
gard to all points to be agitated there. 

2. " That they would recommend that said committee insist that 
breweries shall not be subject to any particular restrictions, but that 
there be secured to them, according to the Constitution, free action as 
respects their business and trade. 

3. " That they deem it desirable that the government relieve them 
from the necessity of keeping books and making monthly reports of 
sales, and let the collection of the tax, by means of the Stamp Act, cover 
the whole ground." 

The Executive Committee were instructed to prepare a pamphlet 
as to the effect malt liquors have upon the sanitary condition of the 
people who use them as a beverage during the prevelance of the cholera. 

" That this pamphlet ought to come before the public, not as an issue of 
the brewers, but of well-known and distinguished physicians" ( Watch 
the M. Ds.— Ed.) 

DO NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS ! ! 

Lest temperance should compete with beer for official recognition ! 

7th Congress, Chicago, June 5th, 1867. 

President Clausen, in opening proceedings, said : " The Association is 
opposed by a dangerous foe, who, with a display of means and power, 
not only endeavors to hinder the development of our trade, but threatens 
utterly to destroy it. It will, therefore, be necessary to immediately 
come to some conclusion which will give evidence of the strength, 
energy and perseverance with which we follow our purpose, and thereby 
exert such a pressure upon our Legislatures, that an alteration or revoca- 
tion of the obnoxious laws may be expected." {Eternal vigilance, etc. — Ed.) 

" The Association, since its organization, has always been successful ; 
it will only be necessary to refer to the fact that when, in 1862, it was 
proposed to increase the tax on beer to two dollars, a commission ap- 
pointed by the Association, and the statistics of taxation and legislation, 
in relation to malt and spirituous liquors, procured and submitted by 
them, prevented the increase, and the tax continues at one dollar. Only 
by union in brotherly love it will be possible to attain such results, guard 
against offensive laws, raise ourselves to be a large and luide-spread 
political power, and with confidence anticipate complete success in all our 
undertakings." 

" Do NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS !" 

Report of committee " On the menacing attitude of Temperance and 
Sabbatarian Fanatics toward the business." 

u Whereas, The action and influence of the temperance party is in direct opposi- 
tion to the principles of individual freedom and political equality upon which our 
/American Union is founded, therefore, 

4i Resolved, That we will use all means to stay the progress of this fanatical 
party, and to secure our individual rights as citizens, and that we will sustain no 
candidate, of whatever party, in any election, who is in any way disposed toward 
ihe total abstinence cause." 

(Exit individual rights of abstainers ! ) 



" Resolved, That we consider it absolutely necessary that our organization should 
exist in every State and County, and that the same should be connected with all 
societies and organizations whose object it is to' uphold personal liberty and 
personal equality." 

(So that in America may be repeated the experience of France in 

her Reign of Terror, and of the Commune. — Ed.) 

" Resolved, That we will sustain all political papers advocating the true principles 
of liberty," 

(The brewers evidently understand how to plant their artillery where 

it will do the most good. — Ed.) 

" and that we will use all efforts to make known the true social life of the 
Germans." 

(Sunday desecration, Socialism and the license of prostitution, for 

instance.) 

" Resolved, That we find it necessary, in a business point of view, to patronize 
only such business men as will work hand-in-hand with us." 

(Alas for personal liberty ! Beer-dozing versus Bull-dozing. — Ed.) 

Resolved, That we will publish from time to time in the papers the names of the 
officers of the various Temperance Societies." 

(Roll of honor, if they have not voted license party tickets and thus 

made themselves members of the Liquor League, while pretending 

devotion to Temperance. — Ed.) 

" Resolved, That a committee of five be appointed in each State ; that the Com- 
mittee have the power to call a Brewers' State Convention whenever deemed 
necessary," (pending a political campaign. — Ed.) "that it shall be the duty of the 
committee to organize local brewers' societies in the various districts of the State, 
where there are none at present, and to notify them to send delegates to the next 
Congress." 

F. Lauer advised — " An Executive Committee, of at least twenty 
members, as it was indispensably necessary to influence the authorities 
in Washington by numerous representatives/' Twenty-five were 
Elected. 

Three times three cheers were given to the press for the active interest 
displayed, and for the candid reports. 

DO NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS ! ! 

Lest the press should display active interest in its progress, give can- 
did reports of its conventions, and thereby imperil its beer patronage. 



8th Congress, Buffalo, N. Y., July 8th, 1868. 

President Clausen, in an exhaustive speech, detailed the action of the 
New York Association, " to secure candidates for the Legislature, whose 
character and principles were a guarantee that they would, without re- 
gard to political party, promote and protect the brewing interest by 
working for the repeal of the excise law." " Neither means nor money 
were spared during the past twelve months to accomplish the repeal of 
this detested law.". 



9 

" The entire German population were enlisted." " Editorials favor- 
ing the repeal were published in sixty different English and German 

newspapers Just before the election, 30,000 campaign circulars 

were distributed amongst the Germans of the different counties/' 

"A State Convention of brewers, hop and malt dealers, hop growers, 
^tc, was largely attended, and resolutions were adopted in which we 
pledged ourselves to support only such candidates who bound themselves 
to work for the repeal of the excise law, and thereby check the exer- 
tions of the temperance party : these resolutions were published, princi- 
pally through the English press, in all the counties of the State." 

" By these efforts the former minority in the Assembly was changed 
to a majority of twenty votes in our favor. " 

All this eleven years ago, and yet we hear the cry, 

" DO NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS !" 

To acquit such advisers of dishonesty is to impeach their intelligence. 

Mr. Lauer reported : the presentation on the 26th of May, by the Agi- 
tation Committee, to the Senate and the House of Representatives, objec- 
tions to five separate sections of the Internal Revenue Bill, now pro- 
posed by the Committee of Ways and Means. " On the 10th of June, 
Commissioner Wells requested the Hon. J. L. Getz to write to me, 
that all the objectionable sections should be made right for the Brewers, 
and that I should rest easy." 

(Is there any one outside of the Liquor League, who can push a 
measure through Congress in fifteen days? — Ed.) 

The committee on Resolutions reported long and dictatorial instruc- 
tions to the Government as to the treatment the brewers demanded, 
concluding as follows : 

" Resolved, That the duty on Canada barley should be reduced to live cents per 
bushel, and recent legislation having the effect of imposing a tax upon malt 
corrected. 

" Resolved, That the Executive. Committee appointed by this Congress be in- 
structed to take all necessary steps for the purpose of procuring such changes in 
the Internal Revenue and Tariff Laws as have herein been indicated/' 

(Never satisfied ! the more they get the more they want. — Ed. J 

Resolutions on " the menacing attitude of temperance fanatics and 
political swindlers toward the business." 

(Choice and chaste language ! — Ed.) 

"Resolved, That we will continue in the future, as we have in the past, to battle 
for the promotion of the cause of civil and religious liberty throughout the United 
States, that we will use all honorable (?) means to deprive the political and puri- 
tanical temperance men of the power they have so long exercised in the councils 
of the political parties in this country, and that for that purpose we will support 
no candidate for any office who is identified with this illiberal and narrow-minded 
■element. " 

" DO NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS !" 

" Resolved, That an effective organization of brewers and their business friends 
should be maintained in every State and county, and that the same should act in 



10 

concert with every other society and organization whose object is to uphold and pro- 
mote the cause of civil and religious liberty, and that a committee of five be ap- 
pointed for each State, with full power to organize local societies and call a State 
Convention whenever necessary." 

(The brewers' idea of civil and religious liberty, is about as much 

like the genuine thing, as charcoal is like the diamond. — Ed.) 

" Resolved, That we will patronize and sustain all papers advocating the same 
views entertained by us," (a liquor subsidized press !) " and that we will use our 
best exertions to bring to the notice of our enlightened American public the great 
advantage this country would derive from a settled governmental policy adopted 
in accordance with our views." 

(In proof thereof, behold the Jtarmonious condition of Germany! — 

Ed.) 



9th Congress, Newark, N. J., June 2d, 1869. 

President Clausen, in opening the proceedings, spoke as quoted, page 
3. He concluded, amid great applause, — "the enemies of our trade, 
the hypocrites and teetotallers, have no worth in the estimation of a 
free man." 

Mr. Lauer, Chairman Agitation Committee, highly eulogizes — " that 
enlightened and sagacious statesman, Hon. David A. Wells, Special 
Commissioner of Internal Revenue," for his assistance in efforts to abolish 

the duty on imported barley " During my several visits to 

Washington, opportunity was afforded to me of freely mingling with 
leading members of Congress, Senators and Representatives, and ascer- 
taining their views as to the future policy to be pursued toward the 
malt liquor manufacture as a source of revenue. I think I am war- 
ranted in saying that the number of influential and liberal-minded 
legislators has largely increased who look upon the products of the 
brewery as an interest to be fostered by liberal excise laws, rather than 
depressed by onerous taxes, vexatious restrictions and crushing fines 
and penalties. Are not the brewers of the United States, as a class, 
entitled to the favorable consideration of the law-making power? . . .. 
A Virile the utmost energies of the government have been brought into 
requisition, and have signally failed to break up the powerful and 
corrupt organization to which the term ' Whisky Ring' is popularly 
applied, we may, w r ith honest pride, make our boast that no ' Beer 
Ring' has yet been set up to obstruct the execution of our excise laws 
and cheat the Government out of its dues." 

(How about Commissioner Wells' statement at the 5th Congress ? 
" Six millions of barrels of beer are brewed annually, whilst only two 

and one-half millions had paid tax A deficiency of about sixty 

per cent." The " Whisky ring" is not alone in its shame, Mr. Lauer.) 

The report concludes with the statement : " The Statistics of Massa- 
chusetts and other New England States, show a marked decrease of 
population and a fearful deterioration of physical health as well a? 
morals. In their vain efforts to compel their people to total abstinence* 
they have brought about its opposite extreme, namely, concealed i» 
dulgence in ardent spirits and opium." 



11 

(" The raven chides blackness") 

The resolutions passed at the 8th Congress, were — " reiterated and 
reaffirmed as our standing creed and unchangeable purpose, that we 
will continue in the future," etc., etc. See pages 9 and 10. 

u Do NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS !" 

Leave all strategic points to be occupied by the enemy, whence to 
dislodge him will require, not only the too long withheld votes, but 
blood and treasure as well. 

u A little fire is quickly trodden out ; 
Which, being suffered, rivers cannot quench." 



10th Congress, Davenport, Iowa, June 2d, 1870. 

President Clausen, in a vigorous speech, " called attention to the pro- 
posed substitute in the then existing revenue laws, which, if passed, 
would oblige them to close their breweries and quit the business." (It 
is to be deplored that it did not pass. Why did this salutary law fail f) 

Mr. Clausen continued : " Unity is necessary, and we must form an 
organization that not only controls a capital of two hundred millions of 
dollars, but which also commands thousands of votes, politically, 
through which our legislators will discern our power. 

" We have demonstrated to these gentlemen that we cannot accept 
such a law, and have requested them to bestow particular attention to 
our petition/' 

(Autocratic ! Servants, obey your masters ! because the temper- 
ance petitioners, for a Commission of Inquiry, are much more patient! — 
Ed.) 

" The individual brewer cannot attain that, which an entire corpora- 
tion, as the representative of a combined interest and large capital is 
justified in demanding, and as such we must be heard by our represen- 
tatives in Congress, our propositions must be received and acted upon, 
as such an organization we are not to be discountenanced." 

(So, so, friend Clausen ! what becomes of the equal rights of temper- 
ance capital and organizations ? — Ed.) 

" Do NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS !" 

Mr. Lauer, of Washington Agitation Committee, reported the draft 
of a bill, drawn up by Hon. Jos. J. Lewis, ex-Commissioner of Internal 
Revenue, embodying such proposed modifications in the existing laws 
as would satisfy the brewers. The Committee of Ways and Means was 
informed that their proposed bill was highly obnoxious in some of its 
features ; their attention was especially called to the recommendation of 
Hon. David A. Wells, Special Commissioner of Internal Revenue. " On 
barley — an entire removal of the duty." Nevertheless, the committee 
decided to increase the duties on barley and malt, and were sustained by 
a^majority of the House. " It is fortunate" (remarks Mr. Lauer) " for 



12 

the brewers, as well as for the great agricultural interests of the coun- 
try, that subsequent to this action Mr. Schenck's Tariff Bill was laid 
-aside." 

( What influence prevailed against the majority of the House and the 
Committee of Ways and Means to have it laid aside f — Ed.) 

Mr. Lauer continues : " Allow me here to say that the only way for 
the brewers of the United States to obtain a recognition of their rights, 
and just and liberal legislation upon the vast interest in which they are 
engaged, is to make their influence felt through the ballot-box. Let 
them give their support to no man for Congress whose blind, puritanical 
prejudice against the use of malt liquors develops itself in every specias 
of legislation inimical to the class of citizens whose large investments of 
capital and labor in their manufacture entitle them, at least, to impar- 
tial treatment from the government, to whose support they so largely 

contribute The future fruits of my work will be gathered when 

the brewers of the United States, in the assertion of their rights as free- 
men and voters, repudiate ignorance and fanaticism in all parties, and 
assist in returning to Congress men of liberal and enlightened views." 

" DO NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS !" 

No, Mr. Lauer, the fruits of your work will only be known on the 
great day of final adjustment. 

The resolutions of the 8th Congress, against political and puritanical 
temperance men were reiterated and reaffirmed with increased emphasis. 

Secretary Katzenmayer explained : " The spirit of nativeism is still 
predominant in Congress. There is less to be apprehended in this re- 
spect from the Democratic members than from the Republican ; and to 
the latter our attention must be directed, if we hope to accomplish any 
results." 

Evidently the Republican party has succumbed to " our attention ;" 
for it is to-day, and indeed has been ever since its alliance with 
beer, far more foreign than native. In the National Congress and in 
State Legislatures it has repeatedly and grossly insulted American men 
and women who have petitioned for just recognition of American prin- 
ciples and institutions. Americans have been bound hand and foot and 
handed over to the tender mercies of foreign liquor dealers. However, 
they have only themselves to blame for such an unnatural state of 
affairs. Had they not foolishly joined in the liquor dealers' prayer, 

" Do NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS !" 

they would not now be the servants of liquor dealers. 



11th Congress, Pittsburg, June 7th, 1871. 
The Executive reported : " The recommendation of Hon. Gen. Plea- 
santon, Commissioner of Internal Revenue, to the Finance Committee, 
a reduction of the discount on stamps from seven and one-half to four 



13 

per cent., and thus the trade of the brewers has been saved from material 
injury." 

" Another great danger to the interests of the brewing trade was 
threatened by the endeavors of temperance societies and their combina- 
tions to obtain from the Legislature the passage of laws, under which, 
in cities and villages, and even in single wards, a vote of the people 
should decide whether the sale of malt liquors was to be permitted or 
not. Thanks to the vigilance of the Brewers' Association, and of their 
representatives, these machinations failed before the sound sense (?) and 
intelligence (?) of the legislators. But it shows that the sly enemy is 
restlessly moving toward his cherished object, and that he would surely 
succeed were not his fanatical course stayed by the firm action of our 
Associations and their leaders." 

(Exit the "individual freedom and political equality" guaran- 
teed by the brewers ! We had supposed, until taught better by the 
brewers, that this government was " of the people, by the people, for 
the people." We now understand that we must render it, " of the 
brewers, by the brewers, for the brewers." 

Secretary Katzenmayer read, as a part of the Executive report : 
" In the course of the year repeated attempts were made in the Legis- 
latures of Pennsylvania and New York to regulate fluid measures by 

means of so-called barrel acts The provisions of the proposed 

laws in Pennsylvania especially were of a kind that, by their final pas- 
sage, the brewer would have suffered almost illimitable injury and loss. 
The efforts of the brewers of that State, of the city of Philadelphia, and 
of Mr. Lauer, succeeded in defeating the proposition, and In the State 
of New York the officers of the New York Brewers' Association 
achieved a like favorable result." 

In reference to the defeat of this law in Pennsylvania, Mr. Lauer re- 
ports : "I went repeatedly to Harrisburg, and at last I succeeded in 
killing the bill ; one Senator pocketed both bills." (See Mr. Lauer's 
protest against lobbying, page 59.) 

Query : — How many temperance men voted for that Senator under 
the plea 

" Do NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS ?" 

(So we progress !) 

The President, Mr. Clausen, referring to the organization of the 
Brewers' Association, said : " The original object was to protect our- 
selves, with our united might, against any possible oppression or the 
interference with our industry by the government — a magnet which in- 
creased largely the membership of the new Association in a short time," 
(No magnet like selfishness. — Ed.) " and secured results which are too 
well known for me to enter into further details." 

(Yes, indeed, Mr. Clausen, the results form the blackest page in our 
national history, and the signs of the times foretell the addition of a red 
page before the record is complete. — Ed.) 



14 

Mr. Clausen continues : " From year to year our meetings gave birth 
to new ideas, and to-day we may confess that our Society is something 
more than a mere defensive alliance against an enemy's encroachments." 

( Offensive and defensive ! — Ed.) 

" We have to continue our efforts, that the tax on malt shall be totally 
abolished. Why ? 

" Because we have in the United States over two hundred collection 
districts where breweries are located, from which the government draws 
a revenue of six million dollars, a sum which is no way destined to con- 
tribute to the payment of the United States debt, but only to maintain 
an army of officers, while the Federal treasury receives no part of it." 
(True!) 

The President introduced to the meeting Mr. Louis Schade, of Wash- 
ington, stating that the gentleman appeared at the Brewers' Convention 
as a representative of the Internal Revenue Department of the United 
States, and that it may be hailed as an encouraging sign that the gov- 
ernment was being represented at their meeting, and had instructed 
Mr. Schade to report to the government, in writing, the proceedings of 
the Brewers' Congress. Mr. Schade expressed himself as follows : 

" I have the more readily accepted to comply with the request of the 
Commissioner of Internal Revenue, inasmuch as I hope that by means 
of this mission I may be of advantage to you. My duty to the govern- 
ment is merely to report your proceedings. My convictions and feel- 
ings are with you, and all I can do for you w T ill be done." 

" A PERFECT STORM OF APPLAUSE !" 

Mr. Lauer said : " These Puritans, Yankees, Temperance men and 
Fanatics have infected not only the East, but the West also, with their 
pestiferous ideas. It is an infamous, unfounded prejudice which these 
people create by their machinations. If we want to have success, we 
must shrink from no sacrifice. The government knows that something 
must be done to put an end to this damnable state of things." 

(And therefore accredits Envoy Schade to conciliate conflicting in- 
terests. Behold his procedure) : 

Referring to the Anglo-Saxon race, he said : " They have been drink- 
ing their beer during all times, whether good or bad, and they will drink 
it in spite of all the efforts of a sickly, fanatical sect of hypocrites and 
fools," ( Courteous envoy I The government is honored /) " who, unfor- 
tunately, have received more attention and consequent influence in this 
country than has been the case in any other country heretofore. Some 
of them, even in high offices, have forgotten themselves so far as to call 
your honorable and beneficial business a crime." 

N. B. — Mr. Schade was the representative of these same " hypocrites 
and fools," who paid for his services 1 1 

Mr. Schade then gave the statistics of the trade, and told the 
brewers " they had the fullest right to complain of the injustice and in- 
equality of the present beer tax." 

( Good and faithful servant of the government ! — Ed.) 



15 

Mr. Schade then proceeded to give beer statistics collated from the 
official reports of the government. " They disclose most curious facts," 
said he ; " one of the most interesting features is that they conclusively 
prove that some of the so-called temperance States consume more beer, 
in spite of their temperance laws, than even the Western or German 
States. This again confirms the assertion of many that the temperance 
men are greater drinkers than the Germans.' ' 

(Why, then, if they are such good patrons do the brewers fight and 
denounce them? — Ed.) 

Mr. Schade progresses : " Who w T ould have believed that our Yankee 
friends in New Hampshire drink just as much beer as the Pennsylva- 
nians, and that they are beaten only by three States, New York, New 
Jersey and California. " 

(New Hampshire sends a brewer to Congress — Hon. Frank Jones. — 

Ed.) 

" One hundred and twenty-eight glasses for every person, men, women 
and children, in one year! Good for New Hampshire! And pious 
Massachusetts, where is she ? Do her people drink, too '?.... Puri- 
tanical Massachusetts, the seat of two-thirds of all the piety in the 
country ; the home of the principal temperance agitators ; the hot-bed 
of all the great moral ideas with which the country lately has been 
blessed — Massachusetts, the land of the Pilgrims, not only drinks, but 
she drinks hard— ninety-nine glasses of beer per head during the year. 
True, however, to herself and her reputation, she only drinks on the sly! 
Faithful to her Christian spirit of meekness and humility, she prays on 
the street corners and drinks in the closets ! Massachusetts drinks as 
much beer as Ohio and Wisconsin, and more than Illinois, Maryland, 
Missouri, Michigan, Indiana, Kentucky and other States with large 
German populations. The same can be said, w r ith more or less justice, 
of the other New T England States." {Storms of applause and a vote of 
thanks.) 

(Behold, Mr. Lauer, the cause of that " marked decrease in popula- 
tion and fearful deterioration of physical health as well as morals," that 
you so emphasized at the 9th Congress. See page 10. Beer, not "ar- 
dent spirits and opium," as you charged, is at the root of the evil. Step 
carefully, gentlemen brewers, the ground is mined. 

" Heat not a furnace for your foe so hot, 
That it do singe ) r ourself." 

Although Massachusetts manifests her devotion to beer and beer 
tactics by the slaughter of temperance laws, yet her licensed sharks are 
not satisfied. 

" How sharper than a serpent's tootli it is to have a thankless child I" 

Fifteen resolutions for agitation against the government to force a 
revision of its laws in the interest of brewers were followed by : 



16 

"Whereas, Fanatics and religious hypocrites continue their open and avowed 
agitation for restrictive and sumptuary laws against the use of malt and fermented 
liquors as a beverage ; 

u Resolved, That we reiterate/' etc., etc., as by the 8th Congress, in Buffalo, N. Y. 
(See page 10.) 

" Resolved,, That in order to carry out the views and the objects expressed in the 
said preamble and resolutions, the Committee on Agitation is hereby authorized and 
directed to select in each Congressional District three brewers, residing therein, as a 
Local and Provisional Organizing Committee for such districts, whose duty it shall 
be, upon accepting such appointment, to organize, by means best suited to the locali- 
ty, as they may determine in their discretion, all the ' defenders of the rights of 
man, of the liberty of conscience (except the temperance conscience ! — Ed.) and the 
inviolability of the guaranteed rights of person and property ' (alas! for the in- 
violability of the guaranteed rights of women and children, who are assaulted in 
person and robbed in property by these brewers. — Ed.), "in order to defeat at all 
elections any candidate for office, whose success might give encouragement to 
temperance fanatics and religious hypocrites to carry out their proposed proscrip- 
tive, injurious and dangerous plans. These local district organizations are farther 
requested to agitate the question of a liberal change in the laws of their locality 
for a proper licensing system, for adequate police regulations, for the better pro- 
tection of our trade and all those in any way engaged in it, and for the establish- 
ment of the principle that the sale of beer as a beverage is as legitimate a trade as 
the sale of any other useful commodity of general consumption, and ought not to 
be subjected to any other restrictions than trade and commerce in general. 

" Resolved, That all candidates for public office, of whatever political party, who 
accept these views as expressed and reiterated in these resolutions, and pledge 
themselves to adopt them for their rule of official action, whenever and wherever 
applicable, are hereby recommended to our members and their earnest support, 
and such candidates may firmly rely upon it." 

DO NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS ! ! 



12th Congress, New York City, June 5th and 6th, 1872. 

President Clausen dilated upon the progress and magnitude of the 
beer trade, extolled it as the only true and practical promoter of tem- 
perance and morality. He detailed the restrictive and prohibitory 
laws of different States, and showed how party politics affected them. 
He said : " It is a well-known fact that the citizen will affiliate himself 
with that political party from which he will reap the greatest personal 
benefits " {patriotic and unselfish ! — Ed.), " and support candidates for 
office who will sustain and carry out his views and protect his interests." 
(How many temperance men have so acted ? — Ed.) " The brewers of 
the United States belong to both political parties, and a great number, 
particularly among our German adopted citizens .... have failed on 

election day to cast their vote at the ballot-box Now, it is for 

you to arouse, unite, and protest against such injurious and unjust mea- 
sures and laws as the opponents of personal liberty wish to saddle upon 
you, by agitating, politically, among your friends and neighbors ; let 
every candidate who asks for your suffrage confess his personal views 
on this question, and on election day see that all your friends vote, and 
vote right. Then, gentlemen, if you carry out this programme, irre- 
spective of party, sustaining and supporting such candidates only who 
uphold you in your principles, you will, after election days, scatter your 
enemies like chaff before the wind. 

" In the affairs of our National Government the temperance party, 
although they have spared no exertion, have, up to the present time, 
met with poor encouragement." 



17 

(Very true, Mr. President ! Because, following your orders 

" Do NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS !" 

Temperance men have helped to elect your candidates. — Ed.) 

•" The Presidential election which takes place this fall (1872) may 
change the aspects of that party. At the Cincinnati Convention they 
have placed at the head of their (?) ticket, a man (Horace Greeley. — Ed.) 
whose antecedents will warrant him a pliant tool in the hands of the 
Temperance Party, and none of you, gentlemen, can support him. It 
is necessary for you to make an issue at this election throughout the 
entire country, and although I have belonged to the Democratic Party 
ever since I have had a vote, I would sooner vote for the Republican 
ticket than cast my ballot for such a candidate." Cheers. 

(Is this an explanation of the large majority for Grant in 1872 ? No 
wonder he pardoned the whisky thieves ! Horace Greeley was the 
candidate of the Liberal Republicans, with whom Carl Schurz, a friend 
of beer, affiliated : temperance was not an issue with them. But we now 
know that Horace Greeley was murdered by the Liquor League, because 
he had been a friend to temperance. This fact should be chiseled upon his 
tombstone, that the honor of future generations may in some measure 
atone to his memory, and to his children for the dastardy of his taking off. 

James Black, of Lancaster, Pa., was the Presidential candidate of 
the Temperance Party. — Ed.) 

"President Clausen then welcomed Messrs. C. A. Bates and Louis 
Schade, from Washington, and introduced them to the Congress as 
official representatives of the Government of the United States, remarking : 
'these gentlemen have been instructed to inform themselves of the 
opinions and wishes of the brewers and make a full and comprehensive 
report/ (! !) Loud applause. 

Mr. Schade, said : " As in the past, so I have been honored this 
year, by being officially authorized to appear among you and report 
your proceedings. You may be assured that, as is well known, my 
sympathies are with you and with your cause to the fullest extent. 
Allow me to present to you a gentleman who was formerly in the In- 
ternal Revenue Bureau, but who is now District Attorney for Iowa. I 
mean Colonel Gibbons, whom I have now the honor to introduce to 
you." {Animated applause.) Colonel Gibbons, in a short speech, paid 
a high compliment to the trade, and the virtues of malt liquor. 

Letters of regret were read from President Grant, Hon. J. W. Doug- 
lass, General Sweet and Governor John T. Hoffman. 

Mr. Lauer, of the Washington Agitation Committee, reported : Cor- 
dial and satisfactory interviews with Hon. J. W. Douglass, Commissioner 
of Internal Revenue ; with the Committee of Ways and Means, the 
Finance Committee of both Houses, the Committee on Conference, and 
finally the passage by Congress of the new brewery law, drafted by 
Hon. J. M. Lewis, Ex-Commissioner of Internal Revenue. This 
gentleman was greeted with a perfect storm of cheers as he arose and 
addressed the meeting as follows : 
2 



18 

"There is an old Greek maxim, very trite but full of weight and 
significance, viz., ' The gods help those who help themselves: Now 
the only way the brewers can help themselves and protect their interests 
from ignorant, unjust and vexatious legislation, either in the halls of 
Congress or in the Legislatures of the different States, is by combining, 
co-operating, acting as a unit, and so become a power in this country' 
growing with its growth and strengthening with its strength ; if they do, 
they will be respected, and when they ask they will receive." (So, so,' 
friends!) 

The Executive Committee reported: "Many dangers threatening 
from the proposed enactment of laws to regulate the sale of intoxicating 
drinks, which have been attempted in nearly all the States of the Union 
Under the pretence of providing a safeguard for public morals." 

" You should be well prepared to meet all attempts on the part of 
these temperance fanatics ; they strike at our trade and to undermine 
our manly dignity and influence." 

" No trade, in view of its political power, is better calculated to exer- 
cise a marked influence on the elections than yours, and it is your 
duty and a matter of self-defense to take a direct and active part in 
the political revolution and transformation of parties, so that in this 
direction, too, the desired reforms may be achieved." {Read this care- 
fully and then say honestly if you can,) 

" Do NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS !" 

The fidelity of the brewers to beer ought to make us blush with shame 
for our treachery to temperance. 

The Brewery Law above referred to as drafted by ex-Commissioner 
Lewis, makes nineteen changes in the Internal Revenue Law of 1868, 
imposing taxes on distilled spirits, etc., all in favor of malt liquor, cut- 
ting it apart from spirituous liquors, with the hope of deodorizing it to 
the public nostrils. No use ! 

President Clausen informed the meeting that the official representa- 
tive of the Federal Government, Mr. C. A. Bates, desired to address the 
assembly. (Applause.) 

Mr. Bates said: " I am here .... for the purpose of learning your 
wants and your views concerning that branch of the public service 
(Internal Revenue.) .... I am glad to see you here — glad to meet 
this body of Saxons, of Anglo-Saxons, of Norsemen, descendants of the 
-worshipers of Odin and of Thor — these beer-drinkers who this day are 
the ruling races in Europe and America, and from present indications 
are destined to rule the world Congress has given you an Inter- 
nal Revenue Law milder in its provisions, less burdensome, than any 
law affecting any equally great interest" 

" Yes ; you have begun well. Let us take no backward step. I say 
us, for I am with you. The Commissioner of Internal Revenue 
is with you. The President is with you. Every patriotic citizen 
is with you, if you will hold to your course." (Aha ! !) 

President Clausen introduced Mr. Louis Schade, co-representative 
with Mr. Bates, of the United States Government. 



19 

Mr. S. proceeded to give a felicitious tabular statement of the prog- 
ress of the trade in the different States. 

# Massachusetts brewed, during the year ending June 30th, 1871, 
525,731 barrels beer, being one barrrel to every 2*8 persons. Massa- 
chusetts is the third State in the Union in the manufacture of fermented 
liquors, notwithstanding that her people, suffering under the cruel 
and iron yoke of puritanical hypocrisy, are not permitted to carry on 
the manufacture of fermented liquors in a legitimate manner*" 

(Evidently, brewing is as honest as distilling. The brewers of 
Massachusetts can claim full fellowship with the Moonshiners of North 
Carolina.) 

Mr. Schade continues: "The Federal Government collected last 
year $523,731 on just as many barrels of fermented liquor brewed in 
that State." 

(2,000 barrels sprung a leak it seems. — Ed.) 

" And all that was done in violation of an existing State temperance 
law." 

(The National Government in Partnership with Confessed 
Felons. — Ed.) 

Mr. Schade, the accredited representative of the Government, denounces 
restrictive legislation as " unjust, oppressive, degrading, and in viola- 
tion of the first principles of personal liberty guaranteed by the Constitu- 
tion." (Only to Liquor Dealers? — Ed.) "From a moral point of 
view your business .... is indeed a blessing to the people, .... 
as it is the best and most efficient promoter of temperance. ... It 
is your duty to protect yourselves and your profession. Do it in a firm, 
argumentative manner that will convince those opposed to you of their 

error Tell them, by pointing at those States where the Maine 

liquor Law has been in force, that, under that law, drunkenness has 
been increasing, .... and that those restrictive laws have intro- 
duced _that terrible Asiatic vice of opium-eating. .... Returns from 
twenty~±our cities and towns of Massachusetts, show that the consump- 
tion of that drug is practiced to an alarming extent." 

(That is a bad showing for beer, Mr. Schade. You boasted a few 
moments ago : " Massachusetts is the third State in the Union in the 
manufacture of fermented liquors." Hoist with his own petard ! Beer 
seems to make memory, as well as tongue, slippery.) 

Leaving the Tophet of opium our sophistic representative enters the 
Sanhedrim of Politics. 

" Do not permit yourselves to be misled again by assertions that the 
temperance question has nothing to do with political elections. If our 
friends .... had not followed that pernicious advice, they would then 
have had no temperance legislatures, and consequently no temperance 
laws. I verify this assertion by simply referring to the last State elec- 
tion in New Jersey. The Republicans had nominated as their candi- 
date for Governor, a Mr. Walsh, a temperance fanatic, and the 



20 

Democrats, Mr. Joel Parker, a man of sense, and, of course, an anti- 
temperance-humbug man. The republican German adopted citizens 
concluded to waive political predilections .... voted for Mr. Parker, 
and although the Republican State ticket was successful, their can- 
didate for Governor was beaten, by over 6,000 majority. That lesson 
will not so soon be forgotten in New Jersey. There are plenty of 
good and much better men in both parties than those temperance 
fanatics, and there is no necessity that those apostles of intolerance and 
bigotry should be elevated to high political trusts. Follow the example 
of the German Republicans of New Jersey, and temperance fanaticism 
will soon be at a discount." (The speaker closed amid tumultuous cheers.) 

The government should move a vote of thanks, in addition to Mr. 
Schade's pay, for his able representation ! 

Meanwhile, " Do not take Temperance into Politics!" 



Resolved, " That the thanks of this (beer) Congress be tendered to the members 
of the Forty-Second Congress of the United States, for their services to the brew- 
ers." Especial thanks were voted to Hon. H. L. Dawes, Chairman of the Com- 
mittee of Ways and Means ; to Hon. Frederick T. Frelinghuysen, of New Jersey, 
Hon. Keuben E. Fenton, New York ; Hon. John H. Ketchum, New York ; Hon. 
G. A. Finklenburg, Missouri ; Hon. J. L. Getz, Pennsylvania ; Hon. E. H. 
Roberts, New York, and to Hon. G. A. Halsey, New Jersey, also, to Internal 
Revenue Commissioner, Hon. J. W. Douglass. 

Then followed a long preamble in reference to temperance agitation, 
concluding as follows : 

" Whereas , in political assemblies, parties have frequently introduced and in- 
serted in their several platforms a temperance plank, countenancing and sustain- 
ing the before-mentioned annoyances to which candidates for office have been 
pledged to subscribe, 

" It is therefore Resolved, That this Congress now protests against the action 
taken in opposition to the malt liquor interests by temperance agitators and 
prejudiced legislators, and hereby becomes pledged to resist all attempts made to 
injure it by these classes of persons ; first, by the dissemination of sound informa- 
tion on the subject ; and second, by opposition to any candidate for office who may 
be unworthily influenced to give encouragement to such action." 

(Herein we find the motor of the 16th plank in the Republican 
platform of 1872.— Ed.) 

" Resolved, That the brewers throughout the United States, be called upon to 
exert their influence in all political assemblies to have adopted therein such a 
temperance plank as shall give to malt liquor its true position as a temperance 
beverage and a necessary article of consumption. 

" Resolved, That all associations and every member thereof, give their counte- 
nance and support to any newspaper or periodical advocating right views of the 
malt liquor interest, and exposing the fallacies of so-called temperance reformers." 

(This explains the attitude of the press toward temperance. — Ed.) 

" Resolved, That we regard the invitation to vote for a temperance fanatic as an 
insult, and his election, no matter for what office and on what party issue, would 
be claimed by the temperance men as a victory of their own, and encourage them 
to further encroachments upon our rights.' 7 

(What a lesson to temperance negatives ! — Ed.) 

" Resolved, That sooner than cast our votes for any of those apostles of bigotry 
and intolerance, we will waive political predilections, as we do not believe that 
men who regard us as ' criminals/ and who would be glad to destroy by so-called 



21 

prohibitory or local laws, the hard-earned fruits of our labor for years, can be the 
proper and honest guardians of our political privileges/ ' 

(" The children of this world are wiser in their generation than the 
children of light.) Therefore, 

" DO NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS !" 

Mr. H. H. Rueter, of Boston, Massachusetts, now President of the 
Brewers' Association, said : " I believe, gentlemen, that this is only a 
question of time, and that eventually, our entire nation — government 
and people — will bow, with affection and respect, to the genial and 
beneficent reign of King Gambrinus. 

" It may be of interest to you to hear something of our experience in 

Massachusetts regarding our prohibitory laws Till within a few 

years our law-makers recognized no distinction between fermented and 
distilled liquors." (" There f s small choice in rotten apples") "Lager 
beer venders and rum-sellers were" {and are. — Ed.) "synonymous 

terms Our legislators found themselves placed between Scylla 

and Charibdis, between the pressure brought to bear upon them by 
temperance fanatics on one side, and the strong undercurrent (!) of 
sound common sense of the people (Brewers) on the other side, which 
latter would not tolerate the enactment or at least enforcement of too 
stringent prohibitory measures, which, besides, might endanger* the sta- 
bility of the dominant political party of the State." (Republican.) 

"He that stands upon a slippery place, 
Makes nice of no vile hold to stay him up." 

" To extract themselves from this dilemma they exempted fermented 
liquors from the list of proscribed drinks, while the law remained abso- 
lutely prohibitory as regards distilled liquors. ,, (Waltz versus jig !) 

" To those of you, who represent States that are threatened by the 
introduction of prohibitory measures, I can speak words of encourage- 
ment from experience. These laws will never destroy or even materi- 
ally or permanently impair your business." 

(Ah, Mr. Rueter, remember, " What the gods delay, they not deny." 
You shall find the Prohibition Party is not made of such plastic ma- 
terial as will mould quite so easily to your will. We understand fully 
that we are not fighting the man in the moon. Patience !) 

The Executive Committee was directed " to express officially to Dr. 
Bowditch (appropriate name!), of Boston, Mass., the thanks of this 
Congress for his published opinion in reference to the beneficial results 
of the use of beer as a beverage." 

(Poor pay, doctor, if that was all you received. Was Dr. Bowditch 
one of the " distinguished physicians " whose services were to be en- 
listed in the service of beer as per resolution of the 6th Brewers' Con- 
gress? See page 7. It is convenient to keep posted as to the conjunc- 
tion of heavenly bodies.) 

13th Congress, Cleveland, O., June 4th, 1873. 
Present, as representatives of the United States, Messrs. H. C. Rogers, 
Deputy Commissioner Internal Revenue, and Louis Schade. 



22 

(Query : — When shall temperance receive the recognition and honor 
the government now accords to liquor ? Not while we heed the idiotic 
or treacherous (which is it ?) advice, 

" Do NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS !" 

President Clausen, congratulating the brewers on the increasing 
magnitude of the trade, seventeen per cent, during the year, said : 

11 Our relations with the government of the United States during the 

last year have been of the most friendly character Congress, 

acting under the petition of the brewers, and with the concurrence of 
the Commissioner of Internal Revenue, has classified malt liquor sepa- 
rately from spiritous liquors, and thereby made a discrimination in 
favor of malt liquors." 

( What nature hath joined together let no law put asunder. — Ed.) 

President Clausen then gave a resume of the various restrictive and 
prohibitory laws and their failures (?) throughout the Union. « In the 
State of Maine, that Eastern hot-bed of bigoted conceit, first commenced 
the new theory of making mankind good by acts of Legislature." 

(Poor Maine ! she is a perpetual thorn in the- side of the liquor traffic, 
and all because she has the common sense to take temperance into 
politics. 

But, Mr. Clausen, you honor Maine above even her deserts, and you 
betray a most significant ignorance of history. Maine did not initiate 
" the new theory of making mankind good by acts of Legislature." 
That modus operandi was inaugurated away back in w r hat liquor dealers 
call " the twilight of fable." There is a grand old code of prohibitory 
laws, called the Decalogue, wherein supreme wisdom promulgated thou- 
sands of years ago, what you are pleased to call " the new theory." All 
human law that is other than a reflex of Sinai must perish, because 
there alone is to be found the centripetal " eternal fitness." Further- 
more, President Clausen is advised to examine Webster's Dictionary 
for the definition of law. 

It is proposed to establish a Brewers' College. A department for 
brewing brains would not be inopportune.) 

President Clausen celebrates the obsequies of the Local Option Law 
in New York, and says : " The wise action of Gov. Dix in vetoing the 
same cannot be too highly commended," 

(Gov. Dix was buried in the grave of the law. It is doubtful if the 
gratitude of the brewers can console him.) 

Mr. Clausen continues : " Attorney-General Gilchrist, of New Jersey, 
has rendered an opinion that local option is unconstitutional. It is 
evident that the people of this State are possessed of good common 
sense." 



23 

Just so, Mr. Clausen ! Mr. Schade tells us that New Jersey ranks 
every State in the Union in her annual consumption of beer : two hun- 
dred and ninety-two half-pint glasses for every man, woman and child 
in the State ! Beer is the conductor of Jersey lightning, and Jersey is 
a conclusive proof that beer ousts whisky. 

Passing on to Pennsylvania, Mr. Clausen says : " The vote on the 
Local Option Law in counties and cities, excluding Philadelphia, gave 
a majority of twenty-three thousand one hundred and thirteen for 
license. 

(Reliable and truthful president ! The majority against license in 
the entire population of Pennsylvania's sixty-six counties and twenty- 
five cities, was seventeen thousand six hundred and nineteen!^) 

Concluding his critique of States and laws, the President asks : 
What, in its last analysis is the result of all these miserable laws ? . . . . 
" Hypocrisy, corruption and bribery " — " petty meanness and lies," and 
for climax, " imbecility of government that would disgrace a commu- 
nity of pagans." 

(The government pleads guilty to Mr. Clausen's indictment, but 
offers in extenuation the anatomical difficulty of riding at the same 
time two horses going in opposite directions.) 

Mr. Clausen goes on to say: "It is the threatening attitude, not 
numbers " (that's a fact), " that these temperance fanatics have assumed 
toward the present political parties which has created fear of losing 
pow T er by the different political factions, and has enabled them to pro- 
cure concessions. Now, how can this movement of intolerance, bigotry 
and fanaticism ; this movement, under the name of a temperance alli- 
ance, be counteracted ? We, as brewers, acting for ourselves only, will 
be powerless. Let us start the ball rolling ; let us give impulse to a 
general movement throughout the entire States, by organizing the peo- 
ple in every State and county, who are interested in preserving their 
individual liberties, to pledge themselves to give their hearty support to 
such a candidate, or party only, that will protect our rights ; and when- 
ever the political parties place candidates in nomination who will not 
pledge themselves to uphold and protect our rights, then let us run an 
independent candidate." {Long and loud continued applause?) 

They are not likely to be reduced to this alternative so long as we 
listen to the refrain, 

"Do NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS !" 

Mr. Clausen concludes : " The last Presidential election " (1872) " has 
shown us what unity among us can do. Let our votes and our work in 
the future be heard from in every direction." 

(So, then, the Republican party and Gen. Grant gave the required 
pledges ? " Let no guilty man escape " — and yet they were all pardoned, 
while every official that prosecuted the guilty men was decapitated i 



24 

We now understand the puzzle, as also the full meaning of the 
16th plank of the Republican platform in 1872. Judge Dittenhoefer, 
attorney for the Liquor League, telegraphed to Mr. Hayes, after his 
nomination at Cincinnati, 1876 : " You shall have the unanimous 
support of the Germans." Did Mr. Hayes also give the required 
pledge ? Answer, please, those who cry 

" DO NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS !" 

and voted for Mr. Hayes. 

" The Secretary read letters from the Hon. J. W. Douglass, Com- 
missioner of Internal Revenue, and from Mr. C. A. Bates, representing 
the same bureau, who, in highly respectful and appreciative words, 
spoke of the objects of the Association," etc., etc. 

The Washington Agitation Committee reported : " The signature by 
the President of the United States of the revised brewers' bill, giving the 
trade salutary changes in the original law by striking out the words ' malt 
or fermented liquor ' wherever they appeared intermixed with spirits, al- 
coholic liquors and tobacco Let us hope that ere long the same 

principle may be adopted and embodied in every sovereign State law, 
and that malt liquors may be accepted as a substitute for tea and coffee/' 

" We did not get all your committee asked However, we were 

assured by Hon. Simon Cameron and others that ere. long the whole 
internal revenue system would be abolished/' 

In conclusion, the report threatens the temperance fanatics with " the 
enforcement of the doctrine, that every man's house is his castle." 

( Alas ! the almshouse and State prison are the castles of the brewers 1 
victims. — Ed.) 

Referring to the Local Option Law of Pennsylvania, Mr. Lauer, 
Chairman Agitation Committee, spoke as quoted on page 2. His re- 
marks were greeted with " tumultuous applause." 

Did the Republican party, Gov. Hartranft, and other candidates, 
give the required pledge, while praying, 

" Do NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS ?" 

Mr. Louis Schade, of Washington, after giving buoyant statistics in 
money and barrels (not in drunkards, criminals and paupers), of the 
beer trade, declared local option and prohibitory laws " arbitrary and 
unconstitutional," and told the brewers : " It is a question with you of 
' to be or not to be.' You have to give up passive resistance and take 
the offensive. You are in the right, and therefore if you do not want 
to be regarded as cowards, you must fight. There is no peace, no com- 
promise possible with fanatics and corrupt hypocrites! .... The 
so-called temperance and Sunday laws are their chief weapons, and 
especially directed against the immigrants and their descendants not of 
English puritanical stock. They are even now preparing to have their 

puritanical creed made the State religion of the whole country 

It is not a question about lager beer, as the puritans sneeringly assert. 
It is a question of civil and religious liberty. We are not standing 
alone in the great struggle. The Irish and all other foreign-born citi- 



25 

zens will be with us. They cannot separate themselves from us, as they 
are in the same ship with us. For the puritans hate them as bitterly 
as us. Many of the free-minded native citizens will join us, and the 
Southern people, trampled down by the iron yoke of puritanical tyranny, 
will pray for our success. The immigrants will never forget that in 
1855, when those puritans were attempting to enslave and disfranchise 
them, the Southern people came to their rescue. The following table 
will show that it is an easy task to free the country of rampant hypoc- 
risy, bigotry and corruption." He then gives the majorities in the 
North and West in the election of 1868, the number of all foreigners 
and their children in 1870, and says •« " It will be seen that the foreign- 
born citizens and their children are strong enough in every one of those 
States to turn the scale in favor of either one or the other of the con- 
tending parties. In the most of those States it can be done by the 
German vote alone. It is, therefore, for the liberal people but necessary 
to be united and in earnest to give the death-blow to puritanical 
tyranny. The future is ours ! The enormous influx of immigration 
will, in a few years, overreach the puritanical element in every State in 
the Union." Vociferously applauded, and unusual marks of approval 
were given the speaker, 

81,255 emigrants landed at the port of New York, for the year 1878, 
an increase of 22,144 over the preceding year, 1877. 

DO NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS ! ! 

Quotations from the speech of Mr. H. H. Rueter, of Boston, who in 
1875 was elected President of the United States Brewers' Association. 
After predicting the future abandonment of all indiscriminate prohibi- 
tory laws, and emphasizing the necessity of eternal vigilance at the 
caucus and polls, he said : 

"It is true, gentlemen, that our citizens of German extraction, almost 
as a body, identify themselves with the Republican party, and have reason 
to point tvith pride to many results achieved with their assistance, .... 
it is not my purpose to make here a futile attempt to wean you from 
long-cherished political associations and convictions. But it is my 
purpose to arouse my countrymen to a proper sense and appreciation of 
their importance, power and influence within the Republican party, to 
call upon them to assert the same, to the fullest possible extent, and to 
change from a negative to a positive element of its construction. 

" It is said that the occasion makes heroes, and if we will only make 
an earnest effort to cleanse the Republican party from the rank and 
weedy growth which has followed the persistent sowing of the seed of 
illiberality and intolerance from lecture-room and pulpit upon a soil 
well adapted for its reception through prejudice and ignorance," {com- 
plimentary to rank and file of the Republican party! — Ed.) " we shall 
find the organizers and leader which we may need." 

(Who speaks first ? Sherman, Logan, Dawes, Carpenter, Conkling, 
Grant, Thurman, Bayard, Tilden, Hendricks, etc., etc. , etc., ad infinitum.) 

"Should a separation from a polluted Republican party become 



26 

necessary, even if only for the especial purpose to crush prohibitory 
laws in the different States, and to procure official condemnation at the 
seat of the Federal Government of all compulsory measures of this 
kind, it becomes important to consider where we can look either for 
new political connection with an existing party, or for the material 
for the organization of a new one. 

" In this connection it may be well to consider that there are many 
relations of mutual interest between the German- American and other 
foreign elements. Our present agitation and efforts for the suppression 
of prohibitory propensities in our law-giving bodies, for instance, should 
form a strong bond of interest between Germans and Irishmen. Such 
a union would, in my opinion, help to strengthen and solidify our own 
association, as it would nearer connect the immediate interests of the ale 
and lager beer branches, while it would give us unresistable political 
power. If it is said in reply, that such a union would be equivalent to 
the identification of whisky and beer interests, I beg to submit that, 

in our present state of affairs, the interests are inseparable You 

see, gentlemen, the two interests do not after all clash, but may be har- 
monized. When you tell me in answer, that you do not desire to be 
classed with rum and whisky dealers, my reply is that you must be in 
a purely business view classed with them, so far as both branches fur- 
nish the public with an alcoholic stimulant Gentlemen, guard 

against drawing the lines too close and remember, consistency is a 
jewel." 

(Very true, Mr. Rueter, and yet the Congress of the United States, 
assisted by the Hon. J. W. Douglass, Commissioner of Internal Revenue, 
acting under your orders, has performed the Cesarean operation upon 
the liquor traffic.) 

Resolutions of instruction to the United States Congress and State 
Legislatures ; of thanks to the Commissioner of Internal Revenue, were 
followed by a long preamble and eight resolutions on temperance, the 
last of which reads : 

Resolved, That the officers of each local association, represented in this Congress, 
are hereby requested to place themselves in correspondence with the leaders of 
political parlies, in their respective States, and make use of all legitimate meas- 
ures to procure the nomination and election of one or more members of the 
Legislature in each State in the Union, who will make it his or their especial 
business to look after the interest of the Brewers in whatever form of legislation 
their interest may be affected ; and in all such States or counties where the pres- 
ent political parties refuse or neglect to recognize the interest of Brewers, that 
associations are requested to run candidates, irrespective of any political consider- 
ation, who will protect their interests." Enthusiastic applause! 

(Oh, for the nomination and election of men brave and honest 
enough to protect the interest of women and children against the all- 
devouring liquor traffic !) 

But — " Do not take Temperance into Politics!!" 

An Agitation Committee of fifty-one members, was appointed. 
The Executive was authorized to pay from the treasury $2,000, to 
the publishers of a new journal at Washington, in opposition to the 
temperance crusade. Louis Schade to be Editor. Amid great ap- 
plause, it was unanimously 



27 

" Resolved, The Committee on Agitation and the Executive of the Principal 
Association, are empowered by this Convention, to bring the Local Prohibitory 
law of Massachusetts, and the Local Option law of Iowa, before the Supreme 
Court of the United States, to test their constitutionality." 

Three hearty cheers as a token of gratitude to the press of Cleveland, 
and that of Massachusetts, were given. 



14th Congress, Boston, Mass., June 3d, 4th and 5th, 1874. 

Present, Gen. Sewell and Mr. C. Perry, as representatives of the 
Government. Mr. Frank Jones, Member U. S. Congress, and also 
President New England Brewers' Association, (Pregnant concurrence of 
offices /) called the meeting to order. With welcome to the delegates, 
he said : " The use of malt liquors has extended in the United States 
with wonderful rapidity." 

(Not so wonderful, Mr. Jones, if we remember that the brewery is a 
ward of the government and has been enfranchised as a party necessity.) 
" And the use of distilled spirits has correspondingly decreased." 
(Veracious Mr. Jones ! please, in virtue of your official character, if 
not for truth's sake, before you commit yourself to such a statement, 
examine the Internal Revenue returns of " straight whisky," leaving the 
M crooked " to imagination.) 

President Clausen then addressed the Convention, and in character- 
istic language he exhausted the vocabulary of abuse while berating the 
prohibitionists and teetotalers ; " fools," " fanatics," " hypocrites," 
" robbers," " liars," u slanderers," " persecutors," " bigots," " deceivers," 
" opium eaters," " demoralizers," etc., etc. 

He announced " a steady increase in the consumption of fermented 
liquors of almost a million barrels a year, and this in spite of all the 
fanatical temperance agitations proclaimed from the pulpits of churches 
and by bands of praying women ; . . . . the women's crusade, a dis- 
grace to civilization and a stigma on Christian teaching," whereas, the 
Brewers' Association is a most beneficent organization, " a mouth-piece 
of, and advocating only the true principles of temperance." ( ! !) 

Referring to the Maine law, Mr. Clausen tells us : " The advent of 
this law was ushered in with riot and bloodshed ; men were killed in 
the street for resisting such atrocious tyranny." 

(Just as there were riot and bloodshed because men resisted the draft 
during the war ; riot and bloodshed because a peaceful procession pa- 
raded the streets ; riot and bloodshed by illicit distillers resisting law ; 
riot and bloodshed in breweries and saloons ; riot and bloodshed to 
maintain the integrity of the nation ; and, finally, there is riot and 
bloodshed in the future to maintain American institutions. — Ed.) 

President Clausen boasts of the success of the liquor oligarchy in the 
Ohio elections. 

(Shame upon the professed temperance men who helped achieve that 
success ! — Ed.) 



28 

Quotes approvingly from the speeches of Senators Bayard, of Dela- 
ware, and Schurz, of Missouri, against the temperance petition to Con- 
gress for a Committee of Inquiry into the effect of intemperance on the 
public welfare. 

(Strange that the " mouth-piece of true principles of temperance " 
should fight such an inquiry !) 

Mr. Clausen informs us : " The object of this bill is to get the liquor 
question into Congress." 

(Rather late in the day to do that. The liquor question has been in 
Congress since 1862. As it takes two to make a bargain, we think fair 
play, so dear to the American heart, requires that temperance should 
now have a chance to be heard on its own merits.) 

In proof of the utter failure of prohibitory and restrictive laws, Mr. 
Clausen cites the testimony of the New York Tribune (with a liquor 
saloon in its basement!), M. D.'sand D. D.'s, Reverends, Professors and 
Officials who drink and, of course, are competent witnesses. 

For truthful exposition of the action of prohibitory and restrictive 
law T s the impartial reader is recommended to read Pitman's " Alcohol 
and the State." 

The President continues : " Repeal your present laws — they are useless ; 
encourage and foster malt liquors and light wines, for they are the true 
medium of temperance." (California, to witness.— Ed.) 

"Urge upon your legislatures to abolish all prohibitory laws and, in- 
stead, pass healthy license laws. Instead of condemning and prose- 
cuting the saloon-keeper, punish the drunkards, refuse to recognize 
them as gentlemen, debar them from all society, disfranchise them at 
the polls." (Enfranchise their wives? — Ed.) "Condemn them to 
sweep the streets of your city with chain and ball fastened to their feet. 
Make drunkards criminals, but not the honest (?) producers and pur- 
veyors of a necessity of life." 

(Patent jurisprudence ! license tempters, punish tempted ! But your 
gun will kick, Mr. Clausen ; how are you and your phalanx to fill your 
coffers unless your beer is consumed ? Mr. Schade, the editor of your 
organ, reported at your Congress, in 1871, that, in the States of New 
York and New Jersey were brewed, in 1870, four years ago, one half- 
barrel beer for each man, woman and child in those States. The entire 
product at that time was six million eighty-one thousand five hundred 
and twenty barrels of beer. You tell us the increase is nearly one 
million barrels a year. Now, add to this quantity of beer, the ale, wine, 
whisky, brandy, gin, rum, cider, etc., etc., manufactured, ad infinitum, 
drunkards are the inevitable result, unless all this liquor is thrown into 
the sea to kill fish instead of men. Any court of equity would disfran- 
chise the drunkard maker rather than the drunkard.) 



29 

After a voluminous statement of successful business operations with 
the United States Congress, Fred. Lauer, Chairman Agitation Com- 
mittee, reported : " During the session of the Convention to revise the 
Constitution of the State of Pennsylvania, in March, 1873, a section 
was introduced prohibiting the manufacture and sale of alcoholic 
liquors in that State. In their report to this ' Congress ' the following 
June, this measure was severely criticized by your committee, and 
copies of that report sent to the members of the Constitutional Conven- 
tion then in session. The Convention at a subsequent date reconsidered 
their action on the section in question, and it was struck from the re- 
vised Constitution, which was voted upon by the people and adopted by 
a two-thirds majority, thus showing that the people are right upon this 
question when it is referred to them." 

(Was it referred to them ? See proceedings 11th Congress,, 
page 13, for condemnation of submitting the question of license to the 
people. Wiggle-waggle ! Simon says, up ! Simon says, down !) 

Resolutions instructing the United States Congress and the Legisla- 
tures of the various States as to the necessity of fostering and protecting 
the beer trade, were then passed ; as also, the usual resolutions on tem- 
perance fanaticism and oppression. 

Mr. H. H. Rueter, of Boston, arguing against prohibition, said : " Im- 
possible laws, based upon fundamentally wrong principles, can never 
be in accord with public sentiment and public sympathy." 

(The experience of Maine proves the prohibition of alcoholic drinks 
a possible law, so much in accord with public sentiment and public 
sympathy that even the Democratic State Convention finds itself com- 
felled to vote down a motion for license, and to give three times three 
cheers and a tiger for a prohibition plank in their platform.) 

Mr. Eueter quotes the "Christian Union :" "All laws are futile 
which are keyed upon a pitch higher than public sentiment." 

(The ten commandments were keyed far above the public senti- 
ment of the Hebrews, just then emancipated from generations of 
slavery w T ith all its attendant vice and general demoralization. 
Christ's laws were keyed much higher than the public sentiment of 
that day and, indeed, are yet far in advance of the average public 
sentiment. Are the Decalogue and Gospel both failures, Mr. 
Beecher? Must we then repeal and reject them as "futile," and 
substitute laws of a lower key ? 

Mr. Rueter quotes ex-Surgeon-General Dr. Hammond : " The in- 
born craving for stimulants and narcotics is one which no human 
power can subdue." 

(So, Dr. Hammond, the inborn craving, inborn devil would be 
a better term, for power has deluged the world in blood, but human 
ethics, has so far subdued it, that war is now the exception rather 



30 

than the rule, as in less enlightened ages, and there is every evidence 
that the world is, after long resistance, about to obey the law : " War 
shall be no more." 

Thus it shall be with all the lower instincts of man. Little by 
little he sheds the skin of the animal and rises in the scale of being, 
for he has an angel as well as a devil in his heart. Throughout na- 
ture, (human nature included, for it is an integral part,) there is a 
constant conflict between the lower and the higher, and the latter, by 
the very force of its nature, must prevail. 

Progress is the law ; and so we see as the ages roll on, man more and 
more develops the likeness of his Father. It is the glorious pre- 
rogative of human law to co-operate with the Divine in promoting 
this onward and upward march: just so far as it does not, it is a 
malediction. 

Mr. Rueter, in further support of the natural craving for stimu- 
lants, quotes Dr. Chambers: "It was an awful outburst of nature 
when, out of 500,000 men who took the pledge in the United States, 
350,000, according to the ' Band of Hope Review/ broke it in six 
months." 

No wonder, Dr. Chambers, with so many temptations to excite 
this " inborn craving." When the yellow T fever, cholera, small-pox, 
or any other infection is abroad, all who have within the system the 
seeds of the disease succumb to exposure : their safety lies in freezing or 
otherwise killing the germs. 

A vitiated atmosphere, social or physical, is deadly, all the more 
quickly if there be an "inborn" weakness. 

Dr. Chambers asks: "Have the same proportion ever broken vows 
of chastity or any other solemn obligation?" 

Yes, Doctor ! Liquor and licentiousness are connected twin devils : 
where one is there is the other ; kill one the other dies from sympathy. 
What obligation is solemn to the drinker ? You, as a physician, should 
know that one of the most deadly effects of liquor on its victim is to 
weaken his will power and benumb his sense of responsibility. Physi- 
ologists tell us that the brain is affected by alcohol long before the stage 
of inebriety has been reached. 

Mr. Frank Jones, of Portsmouth, N. H., member of United States 
Congress and President of New England Brewers' Association, re- 
ported the 

Address of the Fourteenth Brewers' Congress, to the Presi- 
dent and People of the United States. 

The brewers claim to be " prompted by firm convictions of right and 
the highest regard for the welfare and prosperity of this great republic, 



31 

and not by selfish interest." (?) — (" Assume a virtue if you have it 
not.") " The pith of the question in issue is not that of morality as 
against immorality, nor of temperance as against intemperance." 

(Here is just where we differ, Mr. Jones ! It is this, and a great deal 
more also. ) 

" The continued agitation of Total Abstinence, to be forced upon the 
people by prohibition laws," 

(Query. — How do laws that are "failures" force the people? But, 
Mr. Jones, you mis-state the case : our programme is prohibition for 
the traffic ; moral suasion for the people.) 

"by the unseemly parade and self-debasement of female 'crusaders/ 

.... must, we assure our fellow-citizens, ultimately deal a deathly 
blow to the finances of the country." 

(Money versus morality ! Here we have another demonstration of 
the treachery of the beer memory. Mr. Jones seems to quite forget 
that both President Clausen and Mr. Lauer, Chairman of the Brewers' 
Agitation Committee, have repeatedly claimed exemption from tax- 
ation of beer on the perquisite plea. See statement of President 
Clausen at the Eleventh Congress, p. 14, also Mr. Lauer 's report to same 
Congress, in which he says : " We are to be taxed on, indefinitely, not 
to contribute to the necessities of government, but to support an army 
of assessors and collectors for mere political purposes."; 

(0 Tempora! O Mores!) 

The address proceeds: "This trade, so fiercely denounced, so un- 
reasonably warred against and the total suppression of which is so 
clamorously demanded, did actually pay, for the last fiscal year, 

Fifty-five Per Cent, of the entire Internal Revenue Tax 

and twenty per cent of the whole revenue of the government during 

.a year Can the people afford to have such an immense sum 

of money withdrawn from the national treasury to which it now an- 
nually flows in daily installments ?" 

(Yes, Liquor Dealers, the People could better afford to make you an 
annual present of all your taxes and all your profits, than to permit you 
to tax them with your cruel traffic. For every dollar you pay into the 
Public Treasury the people are taxed an hundred to meet its con- 
sequences. Your waste of our material resources, appalling as it is, 
sinks into insignificance before the waste of manhood, the desecration 
of womanhood, the blight of childhood, caused by your business. Give 
back to the country, if you can, the genius and virtue destroyed by your 
liquor.) 

What shall it profit the Republic to gain the whole world and lose 
her soul? 

"They shall be ashamed of their Revenues, because of the fierce 
anger of the Lord." 



32 

After having disavowed morality and temperance as the issue, as they 
must from the very nature of their trade, and emphasized the financial 
feature, the Brewers say : 

" There is another and a higher than a mere financial issue, which we 
propose to submit to the people of the whole country. It is that of 

Personal Liberty This right to personal liberty no man 

and no community of men has any legal power to interfere with. The 
1 State/ being a corporation of thousands or millions of people, has, by 
the very cause of its existence, the power and duty to protect its mem- 
bers against outlaws ; against those who disregard all rights of person 
and of property and prey upon society.'' 

(Exactly ! and herein we find the constitutional authority and power 
to prohibit the traffic in intoxicating liquors as beverages. The 
Safety of the People is the Supreme Law. All private interests 
are subordinate to this general principle. The most vital point in our 
Constitution is the security of the citizen. This security is alienated 
from the great majority of the citizens of the Republic by the liquor 
traffic ; which must therefore be outlawed. To provide for the security of 
the citizen the State prohibits many things far less dangerous to society 
than is the trade in liquor : diseased meat, corrupt drugs, dangerous oils, 
lotteries, obscenities. It throws its protection over birds, fish, animals, 
and it must, by the very conditions of its existence, protect the people 
from a business so intrinsically dangerous to their welfare.) 

The address continues : " The right to pursue any honest calling or 
trade," 

(Yes, and herein is the justification of the Prohibitionists : the liquor 
trade is dishonesty 

" to change from one to another, to move from place to place, to live 
where and how one pleases, are but corollary to this incontestible right 
to personal liberty." 

(Remember the limitation, Mr. Jones! Whenever your personal 
liberty infringes upon my personal liberty, you must halt!) 

" The enjoyment of one's tastes and habits is alike an unassailable right, 
personal to each individual, and if he be but one in a community of 
100,000, the other 99,999 have no just authority to prohibit or restrain 
him from the full exercise of that right." 

(Provided always, that his " tastes and habits " do not interfere with 
my equal rights. No smoking or spitting allowed in this room !) 

" These fundamental principles we ask the friends of liberty in 
every city, county and State to urge upon the people at every suitable 
opportunity, and insist upon their spirit being introduced into every 
political platform, every candidate to be caused firmly to pledge him- 
self to their enforcement, and a strict test to be made upon them at the 
polls The foe cannot be fought piecemeal. He must be en- 



33 

gaged in all his strength and laid at rest forever. A compact union of 
all the friends of liberty, determined not to sheath the weapons of 
offense until victory be lastingly secured, will accomplish it at the first 
trial. The times are propitious for such a movement. Political par- 
ties, as they were once known, with their iron grasp and stern discip- 
line, holding their followers in close subjection, are in a state of more 
or less disintegration. And, after all, the friends of liberty aim 
not only at the destruction, but will strenuously work for the enhance- 
ment of those principles of either party" (balance of power!), "which 
are truly salutary to the common weal," (woe !) " and in every essential 
republican. We believe that there is a majority of voters in every vil- 
lage and hamlet, in every town and city in the continent, ready to join 
in leagues of freedom for the defense of the credit of the United States, 
and for the protectio of personal liberty." 

(Not if the credit of the United States is to be maintained by the 
liquor slaughter-house. For the protection of personal liberty, but not 
for its abuse or prostitution.) 

11 We appeal to every well-minded journal in the country to aid us by- 
disseminating these views and advocating their purposes We 

appeal to those in every place in the land whither our voice can reach, 
.... to gather together and form into local leagues, expressing for 
their objects the principles here presented, and communicate their or- 
ganization to our Secretary, and from these incipient organization State 
Councils may speedily follow. 

" We appeal to men in all stations of life to come forward in aid of 
this great movement to save the treasury of the nation " (the " army of 
collectors and assessors" say Messrs. Lauer and Clausen) " from pillage 
by unreasoning fanaticism, and to protect themselves in the full enjoy- 
ment of their God-given rights." 

(By trampling in the dust my God-given rights !) 
And finally, swinging around the circle, and not to be wanting in 
gallantry, the brewers 

" Appeal to the women of the land " (crusaders excepted) " to give ua 
their succor, for it is to preserve the liberties of true manhood " (woman- 
hood has no liberties worth preserving) "to their children that we 
labor for " (admirable disinterestedness !), " and that their sons may not 
cry out for shame when the name of their country is mentioned in their 
hearing." 

(Shall the shameless daughters cry : 

" Do not take Temperance into Politics ?") 

" The reading of this very timely document was followed by long-coni 
tinued cheers, proving that its ideas and arguments found a joyful echo 
in the hearts of all." 

" The President informed the Convention that the Executive would 
send a copy of the document to all the journals in the United States, 
but that it appears desirable that all the members of the Association 

3 



34 

exert their personal influence for its speedy publication in the places of 
their residence." 

Two thousand dollars were donated to Mr. Louis Schade, of Wash- 
ington, D. C, for the very valuable services rendered by his paper, the 
Washington Sentinel, at the seat of the government. 

Mr. Schade said : " All I ask is to be placed in such a position that 
I can be a true sentinel of your interests at the capital of the nation. 
The greater the power (money is power !) you confide in my hands, the 
more I can do for you." 

(A Temperance Sentinel at Washington is now in order. Who will 
give two thousand dollars to start it ?) 

In recognition of services rendered, " three hearty cheers to the press 
of Boston were enthusiastically given ;" also, " three roaring cheers " 
for cordial entertainment at the Hub. 

"The State exists for the benefit of the individual." 

The public revenue derived from alcoholic beverages reverses this 
principle, and remands us to the reign of despotism where the individual 
exists for the benefit of the State. 

True liberty is an equilibrium of rights. True liberty cannot co-exist 
with the legal liquor traffic, because the rights of the many are sacrificed 
to the emolument of the few — the balance of rights is disturbed ; there 
can be no peace, no harmony ; and, as a disturbed equilibrium in the 
physical atmosphere results in storm, violent in proportion to the dis- 
turbance, so in the moral sphere ; the tempest of revolution and blood- 
shed will avenge the violated law of eternal justice. 

For the State, whose charter is granted for mutual protection, to have 
an interest by revenue, in the liquor traffic, which on trial of ages has 
always and everywhere proved itself irreclaimably bad, and at war with 
the welfare of the people, is a subversion of the fundamental principle 
of free government. 

What is morally wrong can never be made politically right. To 
license and derive a revenue from any business essentially vicious is 
an attempt to do this. The State thus has an interest in the degradation 
of its own household, for the more liquor consumed the greater the 
revenue, and the more liquor consumed the more drunkenness, pau- 
perism, crime and polluted homes. Home is the vital force of a nation ; 
vitiate that the nation perishes, as is right and just it should. No na- 
tion, no civilization can be allowed to exist at the expense of the morals 
of the people. " Let my people go free." 

" You cannot make men sober and good by act of legislature," is one 
of the stock arguments (?) of the friends of liquor. But we do make 
them drunk and bad by act of legislature. Equity is a pearl of great 
price, and no State can afford to part with it. " The State exists for 
the benefit of the individual," and all its legislation should tend " to 



35 

make it as easy as possible for men to do right, and as difficult as pos- 
sible for them to do wrong," — in other words, to keep the angel up and 
the devil down. The traffic in liquor reverses this, and for the State to 
protect and have a pecuniary interest in such a business is to open 
upon its people the batteries of hell, and is infernal I 

To enact injustice by law ! Think, reader, what this means to 
you — to me — to the whole peoj)le — and, by reflex action, to the State itself. 
a Action and reaction are equal." We cannot be astonished at the fear- 
ful corruption in our political system when we remember the evil ac- 
tivities licensed to corrupt our social system — activities that cease not 
night or day. Where is the redeemer ? 

Do you ask? Is the legal liquor traffic an injustice ? 

We answer : Is it in accord with any principle of equity to confer 
upon the few a privilege that means sin, sorrow, shame, poverty, crime 
death, to the many ? A privilege to the strong to oppress the weak ? 
If this be the best that " the most enlightened government upon the face 
of the earth" can give us, God deliver us from enlightened govern- 
ments ! Better Egypt's darkness than the blue blaze of alcohol. 

Says Cardinal Manning : " I agree most heartily and cordially, that 
the great curse which withers our people, and that the pestilence which is 
devouring them, is drunkenness. I feel that to labor to put it down is 
our duty, and I am convinced that, to put it down, legislation is abso- 
lutely necessary" 

Yes, legislation is as absolutely necessary to make men sober and 
good as it is to make them drunk and bad. Consider, reader, what a 
mighty temptation this is that the government puts before the people. 
Says Dr. Temple, Bishop of Exeter : " Men who are hard at work, whose 
frames are exhausted by their toil, who feel within them the natural 
weariness and lassitude that labor produces, and who are then shown 
something which will give them a temporary relief ; who know, that, 
for at any rate a short time, they may have something like real pleas- 
ure, though it be but of a vicious kind — men who are worn and weary, 
and taken as it were at their weakest moment — is it just to thrust in 
their faces this temptation, which in their own consciences they know 
they ought not to approach ?" 

And if the poor man thus tempted in moments of least resistance, 
yields to the licensed temptation and thereupon transgresses some pro- 
hibition, the law pounces upon him like a tiger upon its victim. Well 
may we exclaim: Law, what crimes are committed in thy name! 

" Lead us not into temptation; but deliver us from evil." 

15th Congress, Cincinnati, Ohio, June 2d, 1875. 
Mr. Rueter, of Boston, Mass., President, vice Mr. Clausen, resigned. 



36 

Mr. K., in opening proceedings, said ; " At a time when independence 
in politics makes sad inroads into party slavery, and when individual 
judgment prompts many a man to forsake well-worn party ruts ; when 
possibly our country may witness the birth of a new party, which, em- 
bodying the good elements of either of the old, may shape the destinies 
of this Republic ere long — at such a time of all others, we must assert 
our immense importance in the political household as well as in the 
social status of these States, and force due recognition from any politi- 
cal party which may gain importance or ascendancy. Time and place 
are propitious and the opportunity must not be slighted." 

(To " force recognition" from the Prohibition party is now in order. 
"Hope deferred maketh the heart sick." But patience, patience, 
friend Rueter ! You shall have it without " force ;" and though we 
are but " a mere handful " we are a Gideon's handful and, by the power 
of the Almighty, the enemy shall be overthrown.) 

The President, after impressing upon the delegates the spirit of their 
motto, " Union is Strength," gives a resume of their achievements 
from the formation of the Association, 1862, to the present Convention. 
He then proceeds to define their position on the temperance question. 
" We believe, first of all, that each man has a right, morally and 
socially, to choose for himself whether he will use or refuse spirituous 
liquors," 

(If you believe this, why then so bitterly denounce total abstainers ? 
Ed.) - 

" and that the enactment of sumptuary laws is in direct violation of this 
right and of personal liberty." 

(Men that wish to hunt and fish out of season, think the same. 
However, Prohibitionists do not controvert the individual's " right to 
choose for himself whether he will use or refuse spirituous liquors." 
They maintain the right of society to protect itself against any busi- 
ness or association of men dangerous to its welfare. The traffic in 
intoxicating liquors as a beverage in all of its results, proclaims itself 
the enemy of society, and as such calls far more loudly for prohibition 
than does the traffic in virtue or the traffic in votes, for it is the prolific 
parent of these and many other vices. 

The only legitimate aim of our government is to maintain and 
secure to the people the inalienable rights of life, liberty and pursuit 
of happiness. The liquor traffic alienates these natural rights, and 
therefore, prohibitionists claim that it is not only the constitutional 
right but the imperative duty of the State to outlaw such a business. 
The controversy involves not individuals but fundamental principles 
the surrender of which, would destroy the entire superstructure of soci- 
ety, leaving it wholly to the depredation of the bad and the strong. 

Mr. Rueter argues v\ " the appetite for stimulants is so common, nay, so 



37 

well nigh universal, that it must be recognized as a desire, a craving 
which is natural, which is human." 

(So is lust, Mr. President, and prohibitory laws confront it whether 
manifested in rape, adultery, seduction, bigamy or polygamy. How 
could the State consistently punish these crimes, the offspring of a natu- 
ral appetite, if she provided for their indulgence by license, and derived 
& revenue therefrom ?) 

Mr. R. continues : " We believe that prohibition has failed and will 
ever fail," 

(Then why spend so much time, money, rhetoric, labor, to fight it ? 
You are paying too dear for a whistle that cannot be made to whistle.) 
4< because it refuses to recognize this natural appetite for stimulants." 

(Cannibals have a natural appetite for human flesh, and cannibal 
law sanctions the indulgence, but the first step toward redemption from 
the depraved appetite is total abstinence for the individual, aided by a 
prohibitory law for the temptation. 

The appetite for stimulants is not natural, unless inherited, but is 
acquired and the use begets the abuse, for appetites, like muscles, grow 
strong by exercise. The evolution of society in obedience to the law 
of progress, is from lower to higher ; human law simply lays down a 
rule of action to facilitate this development. The line of least resist- 
ance holds in morals as in physics, and the State is organized to re- 
move all stumbling blocks that retard the onward movement toward 
the higher life. The individual has every right to pray the State — 
Lead us not into temptation ; and justice binds the State to grant the 
prayer. 

That there should exist in this age of advanced intelligence an asso- 
ciation of men having for object the cultivation of man's animalism is, 
happily, an anomaly in our civilization. That they are foreigners, edu- 
cated in the school of despotism must be their excuse. It is also our 
danger. Action and reaction are equal. Anarchy is despotism's idea 
of liberty. The Frenchman sitting upon a keg of powder with a lighted 
pipe, " because these are the days of freedom," is an illustration. 

Never before in the history of our country has been so grave occa- 
sion to verify the axiom : " Eternal vigilance is the price of liberty." 

God save the Republic ! 

Mr. R. cites the smallness of the prohibition vote in proof of the 
impracticability of the principle. 

He forgets that reforms, like trees, grow ; the more enduring, the 
slower the growth to give them time to strike deep and take firm hold ; 
thus, they stand the storms of ages and are not uprooted. The slow 



38 

but quite perceptible maturing of this movement is full of present cheer 
and promise for the future. 

He charges the victories the prohibitionists have gained to the 

" Stupefaction of the moral consciousness and befogging of political 
intellect, .... the pandering to political passions and motives, poli- 
tical barter and dicker, log-rolling and pipe-lay ing." 

(" Out of the abundance of the heart the mouth speaketh.") 

The worthy President is very severe with the Republican party, be- 
cause " mainly from the ranks of the Republican voters have been fur- 
nished the converts and conscripts .... of the handful of honest 
prohibitionists " that so vex the soul of the brewery. 

(This word " handful " neutralizes what would otherwise be a com- 
pliment to the Republican party ; containing, as it does, eight-tenths of 
the Protestant vote, it should have been able to furnish more than a 
" handful " of men strong enough to stand firm and true to principle at 
the polls ; men willing to suffer and sacrifice — aye — to be persecuted 
for justice's sake — men who would blush for shame at the thought of 
saving party at the expense of principle. Whence arises the demorali- 
zation of the Christian men within the Republican party ? They have 
been inoculated with the virus of Socialism. Evil communications cor- 
rupt good morals.) 

Mr. Rueter continues : "As good citizens, whatever our political pro- 
fessions, we must hold to strict accountability a great political party, if 
by its influence or connivance, through its organization and party ma- 
chinery, tyrannical and unjust laws are burdened upon the people," 
(we will hold all parties to it. — Ed.) " or retained upon the statute- 
book, through State legislation. In doing this, we do not put ' beer ' 
above politics" (granted, you have put beer, not above, but in politics. 
— Ed.) " but place principle above politics " (a good example for tem- 
perance men to follow. — Ed.) " and can rightfully call on every liberty- 
loving fellow-citizen to join our cause." 

(Behold the efficacy of beerdozing !) 

" A reaction from overstrained laws has already set in. Bills substi- 
tuting license for prohibition or providing modifications of existing 
statutes have been adopted in a number of States, and others are sure 
to follow. 

(N. B. — These prohibition laws were slaughtered by the Republican 
party at the command of the liquor dealers, and the temperance men in 
that party voted with the liquor dealers for the executioners while 
praying : 

" DO NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS !" 

The President further says : " Common sense rebels against a legal 
absurdity which makes the seller a criminal, while the drinker commits 
no crime in drinking." 






39 

And not common sense only, but humanity, as well, rebels against 
the legal absurdity which licenses the seller and punishes the drinker.) 

Mr. Rueter warns the brewers to be on their guard against any law 
that does not make thorough discrimination between fermented and dis- 
tilled liquors. "A license law defective in this regard may be worse 
than prohibition," .... for that is, " comparatively speaking, harm- 
less, because impossible laws will fail in execution." 

(Which reads in plain English : the brewers will defy any law that 
conflicts with beer.) 

" If, however, restrictions are put on under a license law, backed by 
popular support, they will be found detrimental enough." 

" Where the wall bulges, there build the buttress /" 

The Executive Committee report : "A bill was introduced in Con- 
gress, on the 4th of June, 1874, providing for an increase of the tax 
upon beer from one dollar to two dollars per barrel. This bill was read 
twice and then referred to the Committee of Ways and Means, before 
whom a deputation from your Association appeared, to remonstrate 
against its becoming law. From the representations made by your 
deputation to the Committee, the bill was abandoned for the time. 

" On the 21st of January, your executive were informed that the In- 
ternal Revenue Law, which provided that only one spigot-hole shall be 
used in a package, was working very arbitrarily upon western brewers, 
and that an amendment to the law had been presented to Congress by 

Senator Carpenter, of Wisconsin On the 4th of March, 1875, 

Louis Schade, representing your Association, reported that after strenu- 
ous exertions and constant watching, both night and day, the amend- 
ment had passed, a few hours previous to the adjournment of the 43d 
Congress. Excellent service was also given in this matter by Senator 
Bayard, Gen. Logan and Senators Carpenter, Fenton and Schurz, and 
also Senator Sherman, Chairman of the Finance Committee. &i the 
House, the following gentlemen : Hon. Foster, of Ohio ; Gen. Rusk, of 
Wisconsin ; Messrs. Randall and Hiester Clvmer, of Pennsylvania, and 
Ellis H. Roberts, of New York." 

CS. B. — Logan and Carpenter have been returned to the United 
States Senate. * c Watch and pray" while liquor votes. I 

The Washington Agitation Committee report the defeat of a bill pro- 
viding for an increase of five cents per pound on imported hops ; the 
bill had passed the House and was before the Senate Finance Com- 
mittee ; the Senators could not resist the arguments of the brewers — 
the increase was stricken from the bill ! (So we progress !) 

The Agitation Committee also report success in obtaining the passage 
of a bill through both houses, relieving the western brewers from great 
annoyance, etc., etc. 

The repeal of the Local Option Law, of Pennsylvania, is reported to 
the Congress by its Agitation Committee, as a part of their successful 
work! 



40 

" Do NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS !" 

{Lest your temperance laws be not repealed,) 

The Chairman of the Agitation Committee supplemented his report. 
as follows : "After a business experience of over fifty years, I am free 
to say that the worst enemy we, the brewers of the United States, have 
had to contend against, has been the narrow, sectarian and intolerant 
spirit of ' Know-nothingism,' or so-called Native Americanism, which 
would proscribe and crush out everything of foreign origin and all per- 
sons of foreign birth." (The Chinese, for instance.) "That same 
persecuting spirit, which afterwards found refuge in the Republican 
party, made common cause with the puritanical, fanatical temperance 

party Let me warn that powerful Republican party that, if they 

do not kick their ' Know-nothing ' and temperance allies out of their 
ranks, the liberal Democratic party will kick them both out of power in 
the different States. The American nation is bound to progress. Old 
Mosaic, Sabbatarian and Puritanical blue laws must be replaced by laws 
in accord with the Constitution of the United States," (as interpreted 
by the liquor dealers, of course. — Ed.) " which guarantees freedom of 
conscience to men of all creeds," (to Mormon polygamy, for in- 
stance. — Ed.) " and of every nationality." 

Mr. Lauer further informs us that Geo. Wm. Curtis, on the 19th of 
April last, " made an oration in which he denounced foreign emigration 
as the greatest of evils, and the most dangerous element that threatens 
the future of this country." {Look out for the kicks, George !) Mr. 
Lauer continues : 

" I denounce this language as a libel upon them as false as it is foul. 
Can Mr. Curtis tell us how many of the men who took the field at Con- 
cord and Lexington, and repulsed the British General Gage, were of 
foreign birth?" 

(Probably not, but he may be able to tell you how many Hessians 
were Hired by the British to fight us.) 

The President of the National Malsters' Association then addressed 
the Congress, congratulating the brewers on their success in manipulat- 
ing our revenue laws, and their " power in preventing adverse and un- 
just enactments There is strength in union, and I believe the 

two associations (malsters and brewers) can co-operate with almost in- 
calculable power for the promotion of our mutual interests, and the 
creation of a more correct and healthy public sentiment in reference to 
our business." 

(Ah ! Mr. President, the wretched wives and children of your vic- 
tims are competing with you as educators of a healthy public sentiment 
in reference to your business !) 

The Congress then 

"Resolved, That the United States Government be respectfully requested to re- 
move all unnecessary restrictions the malt liquor interest now labors under, and to 
do all in its power to encourage and increase the manufacture of so useful, health- 
ful and nutritious a production ; and, it is further 



41 

u Resolved, That the Congress of the United States be petitioned to amend the 
Internal Revenue laws, etc., etc. 

" Resolved, That those sections of the present Internal Revenue Law that are 
especially obnoxious and dangerous to the brewing interest, with the cases that 
have arisen from their arbitrary enforcement, be immediately brought to the notice 
of the government ; and, it is further 

"Resolved, That the government be petitioned to remove the duties upon im- 
ported malt, barley and hops." 

Then follows 

"KESOLUTIONS AGAINST PROHIBITIONISTS." 

" Whereas, There are certain bodies of men who, by means of societies, brother* 
hoods and individual effort, oppose, denounce and misrepresent our trade, influ- 
encing State legislation and public opinion ; and 

" Whereas, Their efforts have caused serious annoyance and detriment to all 
engaged in the production and sale of malt liquors ; and 

" Whereas, By false representations and malicious slanders they have gained 
proselytes who, by united action, have political parties in their interest ; it is 
hereby 

"Resolved, That the fallacies of teetotalism, by the press and on the public 
platform, be thoroughly exposed ; the statistics they present analyzed/' 

(This is what we have been petitioning Congress to have done, but 
the brewers oppose us might and main. — Ed.) 

At and the assertions they make, refuted ; and it is farther 

"Resolved, That where restrictive and prohibitory enactments exist, every pos- 
sible measure be taken to oppose, resist and repeal them ; and it is further 

"Resolved, That politicians favoring prohibitory enactments, who offer them- 
selves as candidates for office, be everywhere strenuously opposed, and the more 
so if it be found that their personal habits do not conform with their public pro- 
fessions ; and it is further 

" Resolved, That the true position of malt liquors as a national and temperance 
beverage, as a necessary, nutritious and healthful stimulant, be properly defined 
and published ; and it is further 

" Resolved, That this convention congratulate the people of the United States 
upon the spirit that is now manifest in various States" (So the virus works. — Ed.) 
"to do away with all laws subversive of personal freedom and the comfort and 
enjoyment of citizens." 

The Mormons cannot unite in this congratulation. Perhaps the com- 
fort and enjoyment of the liquor dealers may yet encounter the same 
interference. " The mills of the gods grind slowly but they grind ex- 
ceeding fine." 

The association voted $500 to Mr. Schade for services at the Federal 
<japital ! Mr. Schade in his address to the convention, said : 

" Very severe is the injury which the brewers have sustained in the 
so-called temperance States. The Local Option Law of Pennsylvania 
destroyed 154 breweries in one year." 

Mr. Schade's statistics proved a reduction of 797 breweries throughout 
the various States. He continued : " While there is not one State where 
there has not been a decrease in the number of breweries, there is at 
least one territory that has held its own, and that is Utah, which re- 
tains its 29 breweries." (" Morality follows in the wake of malt 
liquors." Fred. Lauer, at Sixth Congress, p. 7. — Ed.) " It seems those 
Mormons are after all not as bad as people usually make them." 



42 

{Beer covers a multitude of sins /) 

Mr. Schade further informs the confraternity, that the great reduc- 
tion of breweries did not cause a corresponding reduction of beer, 

" the decrease in manufacture amounted to only 29,994 bbls 

If that clause in the Internal Kevenue laws, allowing the State to 
interfere with the exclusive right of the Federal Government to collect 
the necessary taxes, would be stricken from the statute, the government 
could assist its tax-payers against the temperance fanatics ;" (Who, of 
course, are riot tax-payers. — Ed.) " for that right is especially granted 
to the Federal Government by the Constitution of the United States, 
and stands, therefore, above all the so-called States' Rights. 

(How stupid and ignorant must be the Judges of our Supreme 
Court ! Repeatedly have they decided this matter adversely to the 
liquor dealers, who will have to execute their threat to capture this 
bulwark of our rights and liberties before they can hope for complete 
victory.) 

Mr. Schade continues : " I regard the so-called temperance question 
simply as a political one. The handful of real temperance fanatics have 
never alone been able to injure you. They have been of benefit to you 
and your customers, by absorbing in their societies many an incorrigible 
drunkard, who so often proves a pest to every well-regulated tavern 
and hotel. If they would confine themselves to convert all the old 
w T hisky topers (sic) who cannot control their passions, into temperance 
men, they ought to have, and I have no doubt they will have, your most 
hearty support." 

(Make a note of this, Gospel temperance advocates. Cat's-paw for 
the brewers is not a very dignified position.) 

"If we want to have those laws struck from the statutes of the 
various States, or prevent the establishing of new ones, we cannot do it 
in any other way than by electing such men to the legislatures who 
have not merely assured us, but of whom we otherwise know that they 
are our friends and not our enemies. If we find that one or the other 
political party is against us, we must support the opposition party 
that is not against us. The principle of self-protection must, in such 
instances, be our only guide." ^Disinterested patriotism ! /) " First 
beer and then politics. .... Support that party that supports you, 

and go against that which wants to destroy you You are 

men of means and influence ! Use those means and influence against 
the Republican party, until every temperance or damage law has 
been eradicated from the statutes, and until the very words 'tem- 
perance humbug/ becomes nauseous to every Republican. Continue 
that policy, and our Republican friends, who like, if not the beer, at 
least to place the ' loaves and fishes ' " (Complimentary) " before mere 
party politics, and who are smart enough not to touch anything that 
does not pay, will soon be cured of their puritanical proclivities." 

(It looks as if the beer yeast had raised the dough /) 

Mr. Schade continues : " There are exceptions among the Republic 



cans, and also exceptions among the Democrats. There are some few 
good Republicans and some few bad Democrats. Vote for the former 
and defeat the latter." 

(Is it surprising that the poor beer-dozed Republicans should so 
earnestly pray, 

" DO NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS?") 

" So I would, for instance, be sorry if any brewer should vote against 
Hon. Charles Foster, of Ohio, and Gen. Jeremiah M. Rusk, of Wiscon- 
sin, both Republican Congressmen. They warmly assisted me in haying 
the two-spigot-hole bill passed, and though none of them (sic) had any 
particular interest of his own to take care of, (?) they both remained 
the whole long night, from the 3d to the 4th of March last, on the floor 
of the House, watching for an opportunity to have the bill passed. I 
perform an act of gratitude in mentioning this fact." (They will prob- 
ably be grateful.) 

After three enthusiastic cheers for King Gambrinus, the chairman 
expressed to Mr. Schade the thanks of the Convention for his able and 
eloquent speech. 



16th Congress, Philadelphia, Pa., June 7th, 1876. 

President Rueter reported the decrease in the production of beer as 
"but one and one-half per cent, on the total sale of barrels. Taking 
into consideration the general stagnation of business, and comparing 
this shrinkage with that shown in many other branches of trade, brewers- 
have no particular reason to complain." 

(Never a glut in the liquor market. Why ? Because it is the na- 
ture of the thing supplied to increase and intensify the demand. — Ed. ) 

Mr. Rueter again quotes freely from the report of Dr. Bowditch, of 
Boston, to the Massachusetts State Board of Health, in favor of the 
use of ale, beer and wine rather than more potent liquors. ( Why use 
either ?) 

This report is a special plea for lager, and its inspiration is suggested 
in the action of the 6th Brewers' Congress, 1866, in reference to a pam- 
phlet that " ought to come before the public, not as an issue of the 
brewers, but of well-known and distinguished physicians." See page 7. 

" We have," says Dr. Bowditch, " the tastes for intoxication which 
climatic law and long years of habits of intemperance on. the part of our 
English ancestry have engendered ; and all these influences are in- 
creased vastly by the stimulating nature of our own American climate, 
at least, that found along the Atlantic slope." 

(Yes, Dr. Bowditch ; and in this law of heredity the prohibitionist 
finds one of the strongest supports of his position. Appetites, like dis- 
eases, are transmitted from parent to child. We are now, in our in- 
herited tastes for intoxication, paying the penalty of our ancestors' trans- 
gressions of the laws of health and development. When persons are 



44 

torn with the taint of scrofula in the blood, wise physicians do not 
foster that taint, but use their best exertions to eradicate it ; anything 
and everything that tends to perpetuate it is prohibited ; the more un- 
favorable the climate the more rigid the precautions. Again, why add 
stimulation to the already "stimulating nature of our own American 
climate?^) 

Dr. Bowditch continues : " In all his dealings with intemperance in 
this country, the real statesman must consider these primal influences 
of a climate in which a people lives, and of these tastes of the race." 

(Amen! Our statesmen must do what they can to eliminate the 
virus of alcohol from the blood of the rising generation, lest they also 
transmit "the tastes for intoxication " to their descendants, and the curse 
go on indefinitely. It is full time to turn over a new leaf in the 
world's history, and America's is the hand to do it.) 

The doctor says : " I believe that Germans are destined to be really 
the greatest benefactors of this country, by bringing to us, if we choose 
to accept the boon, their beer.' , 

(The Germans should, if they have not already done so, present the 
doctor with a hogshead of beer, for he evidently likes it.) 

Further : " The larger proportion of the community, while working 
and praying for temperance, do, nevertheless, use, and feel they have 
a perfect right to use wine or ale, if not for good companionship, at least 
for the reason St. Paul advised Timothy to use it, viz., ' for thy stomach's 
sake.' " 

(The larger proportion of the community, suffering from the stomach- 
ache, and yet working and praying for temperance, is certainly a most 
heroic and edifying sight ! Catnip tea ought to command a premium. 
Tobacco for the toothache, bitters for the backache — and, for the heart- 
ache, caused by these prescriptions of guilty and self-convicted doctors, 
what ?) 

In contradistinction to the unscientific arguments and methods of Dr. 
Bowditch, we have those of Sir Henry Thompson, F. K. C. S., than 
whom there is no higher living medical authority. In an open letter 
addressed to His Grace the Archbishop of Canterbury, Sir Henry says : 
" I have long had the conviction that there is no greater cause of evil, 
moral and physical, in this country (England ), than the use of alco- 
holic beverages. I do not mean by this that extreme indulgence which 
produces drunkenness. The habitual use of fermented liquors to an 
extent far short of what is necessary to produce that condition, and such 
as is quite common in all ranks of society, injures the body and 
diminishes the mental power to an extent which, I think, few people are 
aware of. Such, at all events, is the result of observation during more 
than twenty years of professional life devoted to hospital practice, and 



45 

to private practice in every rank above it. Thus, I have no hesitation 
in attributing a very large portion of some of the most painful and 
dangerous maladies which come under my notice, as well as those which 
every medical man has to treat, to the ordinary and daily use of fer- 
mented drink taken in the quantity which is conventionally deemed 
moderate. Whatever may be said in regard to its evil influence on the 
mental and moral faculties, as to the fact above stated, I feel that I 
have a right to speak with authority ; and I do so solely because it ap- 
pears to me a duty, especially at this moment, not to be silent on a mat- 
ter of such extreme importance. I know full well how unpalatable is 
such truth, and how such a declaration brings me into painful conflict, 
I had almost said with the national sentiments and the time-honored and 

prescriptive usages of our race My main object is to express my 

opinion as a professional man in relation to the habitual employment of 
fermented liquor as a beverage. But, if I venture one step further, it 
would be to express a belief that there is no single habit in this country 
w T hich so much tends to deteriorate the qualities of the race, and so 
much disqualifies it for endurance in that competition which in the na- 
ture of things must exist, and in which struggle the prize of superiority 
must fall to the best and to the strongest." 

Doctor Anderson, of Glasgow, calls alcohol a the genius of degene- 
ration." % 

" Alcohol poisons the blood and arrests the development, as well as 
hastens the decay of the red corpuscles." — Drs. Bocker and Yirehow. 

" Alcohol is primarily and essentially a lessener of the power of the 
nervous system." — Dr. T. K. Chambers. 

" Its action, in all doses, is always that of a narcotic and paralyzer." 
— Dr. Edmunds, of London Hospital. 

"All alcoholic bodies are depressants, and although at first, by their 
calling injuriously into play the natural forces, they seem to excite, and 
are therefore called stimulants, they themselves supply no force at any 
time, but take up force, by which means they lead to exhaustion and 
paralysis of power. — Dr. B. W. Richardson. 

Testimony like this, from the most eminent physicians and scientists 
throughout the world, is cumulative ; but space forbids to introduce it 
here. Suffice it to say, the so-called arguments of the friends of alco- 
holic beverages are disproved by observation, experience and science, 
which unite in the veto of alcoholic drinks, the supreme foe of hu- 
manity. Can the people or their law makers afford to cherish this 
enemy and thus violate the fundamental principles of race develop- 
ment? 

Should we fail to pass swift judgment upon the men who, from selfish 
motives, are willing to immolate the Republic, her future and her peo- 
ple upon the altars of mammon and party ? 



4G 

Take the testimony of a noted brewer. Mr. Charles Buxton, M. P., 
in his pamphlet, "How to stop Drunkenness/' says: "It would not be 
too much to say, that if all drinking of fermented liquors could be done 
away, crime of every kind would fall to a fourth of its present 
amount, and the whole tone of moral feeling in the lower orders might 
be indefinitely raised. Not only does this vice produce all kinds of 
wanton mischief, but it has also a negative effect of great importance. 
It is the mightiest of all the forces that clog the progress of good. It is in 
vain that every engine is set to work that philanthropy can devise, 
when those whom we seek to benefit are habitually tampering with 
their faculties of reason and will — soaking their brains with beer, or 
influencing them with ardent spirits. The struggle of the school, the 
library and the church, all united against the beer-house and the gin- 
palace, is but one development of the war between heaven and hell. 
It is, in short, intoxication that fills our goals — it is intoxication that 
fills our lunatic asylums, and it is intoxication that fills our work- 
houses with poor We are convinced that if a statesman who 

heartily wished to do the utmost possible good to his country, w r ere 
thoughtfully to inquire which of the topics of the day deserved the 
most intense force of his attention, the true reply — the reply which 
would be exacted by full deliberation — would be, that he should study 
the means by which this ivorst of plagues can be stayed. The intellectual, 
the moral and the religious welfare of our people, their national com- 
forts and their domestic happiness, are all involved. The question is, 
whether millions of cur countrymen shall be helped to become happier 
and wiser — whether pauperism, lunacy, disease and crime shall be 
diminished — whether multitudes of men, women and children shall be 
aided to escape from utter ruin of body and soul ?" 

If the brewers of America spoke the truth they would but echo 
the words of the Hon. Chas. Buxton. This self-inflicted curse over- 
shadows Christendom. As Dr. Erasmus Darwin said (1800) : " Under 
the names of rum, brandy, gin, whisky, wine, cider, beer and porter, al- 
cohol has become the bane of the Christian world." 

Enumerate if you can, reader, alcohol's generations since 1800. 

No finite mind can do it ; but the Infinite does not forget. Let us 
now, while it is day, sit in judgment upon our own power in this Ge- 
henna. " The night cometh, when no man can work." 

Says Gold win Smith : " It is too clear that the rapid extension of the 
present system is threatening the very life of the community ; that it is 
producing a physical and moral pestilence more deadly, in the deepest 
sense, than any other plague which stalks the infected cities of the east ; 
that it is bringing great masses of our working classes to a self-imposed 
bondage, more complete and more degrading than slavery itself; that it 



47 

is undoing for the people ; that it is not only filling the present with un- 
speakable misery and vice, but blighting the prospects of labor for the 
future." 

And yet we look in vain for any recognition of this potent factor in 
labor grievances from the labor party. Following the example of the 
Eepublican and Democratic parties, it also, seems determined to cherish 
the most pitiless foe labor ever encountered. 

Brewers and distillers are the capitalists labor ought to fear and to fight, 
socially and politically. They roll in wealth, distrained from labor. 
Their luxury means labor's poverty and distress. Were it not for their 
greed of gain we should never have hard times in this country, with its 
fruitful soil and manifold opportunities of making a living. Wages are 
higher here than in any other part of the world. With our public 
schools and democratic institutions the United States would be, in its 
highest and happiest sense, a home for the laborer, were it not for the 
blighting curse of the liquor traffic. And the curse must descend from 
generation to generation, because the desire for party triumph, which 
depends upon liquor, is stronger than the desire for health — home — ■ 
happiness ! Heaven help us ! 

Mr. Rueter read a letter from Bayard Taylor to the New York 
Tribune, in opposition to prohibitory laws. Mr. T. writes with a 
flippancy unbecoming the man on this matter of national importance. 
He has paid the penalty of his devotion to beer ; his life, in its prime, 
has been sacrificed upon the altar of Gambrinus. Could his voice now 
be heard, it would not be in defense of the destroyer of so many good 
and gifted men. 

Mr. Taylor says : " Since the German chemists have discovered that 
the freshness of bread is due to the alcohol it contains, (eighty pounds 
of fresh bread being equal to a bottle of brandy) we shall probably 
jiext have a prohibition of warm biscuits and buckwheat cakes." 

The gentleman's fame as a writer and poet, who of all men is sup- 
posed to see into the soul of things, must suffer from such smattering 
on so grave a question. Granting the statement, it becomes of interest 
to know just how long would it take a man to eat eighty pounds of 
fresh bread ? And how many pounds would it take to excite him to mur- 
der ? But the statement is not true. " Well-baked bread does not con- 
tain alcohol. The heat of the oven completely expels - the small 
quantity of alcohol formed during the process of dough fermentation/' 

Mr. T. continues : " The root of the evil lies deeper than any pro- 
hibitory law can reach." 

(Prohibitory laws do manage to reach the root of many evils, so 
far, at least,' as to keep them sapless and prevent them from becom- 



48 

ing trees that overshadow the land to the detriment of goodly harvests*. 
" Every tree that bringeth not forth good fruit is hewn down and cast 
into the fire." Look at the catalogue of crimes — what would be the 
condition of society if they were not restrained by prohibitory laws ?) 

Again : " The human race never will submit to so intimate an inter* 
ference with its personal habits." 

(Reason and religion influence the human race to subordinate personal 
habits to the general good. The Divine prohibitory laws inculcate this 
surrender and human law enforces it. History, sacred and secular, is a 
noble record of the slow but sure triumpli of humanity over selfishness 
and animalism. God speed the emancipation !) 

After descending to the brewers' vocabulary — " intellectual narrow- 
ness," " intolerance," " bigotry," etc., Mr. Taylor concludes : " External 
plasters will never cure a congenital disease." 

(Will internal provocatives prove more remedial? — Ed.) 

"We must reform from within outwards, not inwards from the 
outside." 

(True, but a skillful physician combats disease both externally and 
internally. He is not indifferent to the environment of his patient, and 
by stern prohibitory laws he promotes recovery by removing all sources 
of danger, and this whether in the moral or physical realm, for who can 
draw the line of distinction ?) 

Leaving the literature of liquor, President Reuter says : " I believe 
I am safe in stating that the United States Brewers' Association has 
gained new ground in the good will and confidence of the National 
Government and of Congress, and that claims or representations sub- 
mitted by us as an association will find appreciative ears and due con- 
sideration. Senator Dawes, of Massachusetts, in the debate resulting 
over Mr. Kehr's bill to define the tax on malt liquors, says : ' I think 
the views of the Brewers' Association would have great weight, and in 
any further legislation we should confer with these very men, just as we 
did when the law originated.' " 

The Executive and Agitation Committees report success in managing 
the Internal Revenue Department in the interests of the trade. Com- 
missioner Pratt seems to have been somewhat restive under their dic- 
tation. They appealed from his decisions to Congress, and by amend- 
ments of existing laws and the enactment of new ones, the brewers were 
relieved from Commissioner Pratt's vigilance. 

They say : While thanks for favors received " are due to the members 
of both Houses of Congress, we are under particular obligations to 
Congressman E. C. Kehr, of Missouri ; to the Chairman of the Ways 
and Means Committee, Colonel Morrison, and to Senator Logan, of 
the Senate Finance Committee, whose indefatigable activity in this 



49 

matter cannot be too highly praised The Hon. Frank Jones,' 

M. C. from New Hampshire, and Louis Schade, Esq., the attorney of 
the association, have been conspicuously active and useful in watching 
our interest, their residence and standing in Washington enabling them 
to exert much influence in behalf of our cause." 

" Your Committee regret to announce that on the part of teetotalers 
and other enemies of personal liberty, there is no cessation of animosity. 1 
They are still at work to carry out their restricted policy," 

(A blunder into truth. We are restricted, in more than policy. — Ed.) 

"and, though defeated last year, they constantly try to induce Con-J 
gress to make temperance fanaticism" (versus liquor delirium, — Ed.) 
" a national question." 

Here the report embodies paragraphs from the speech of Senator 
Bayard, of Delaware, against the passage of the bill for a Commission^ 
of five to investigate the liquor traffic. 

N. B. — The opposition of the brewers to this Commission of Inquiry! 
is of itself, without any other evidence, the strongest possible proof ofj 
their conscious deception and mendacity in proclaiming the " innocent,] 
wholesome, nutritious nature of malt liquors." If their beverage is 
indeed what they assert, " the true conservator of temperance," we 
should suppose they would most cordially welcome such an opportunity, 
to establish the true position of beer in our social and political economy. 
A favorable verdict of such a National Commission would immediately 
supersede all other efforts to popularize malt liquor as a beverage. 
The whole nation saluting King Gambrinus, would bend in benedic- 
tion over the brewery ; — the Brewers' Association, for mutual protection 
and defense, would become a thing of the past — living only in the page 
of history as a humiliating reminder of our ignorance and folly in so 
long fighting our great benefactor. 

Brewers, prove your honesty by co-operating with us to secure for 
your so-called temperance drink the indorsement of a National Com- 
mission of Inquiry, and thus silence, at once and forever, the cries of 
" puritanical fanatics." 

Fred. Lauer, Honorary President, and Chairman of Agitation Com- 
mittee, " paid a high compliment to the attorney of the Association, for 
his effective services at the seat of government." 

Mr. Lauer then read a lengthy address on immigration and " two of 
the most pernicious kinds of fanaticism that have infested this country 
and done it incalculable harm," etc., etc. 

" In 1853, there arose in the east, in far-off New England, a little 
cloud no bigger than a man's hand, in the form of a small, oath-bound, 
secret society, which had no public name, and those who were suspected 
of being members, always replied, 'I know nothing.' .... Know- 
nothingism cost the country alone, in diminishing immigration, a loss 
in actual cash of $31,013,200. Of three immigrants, one has always 
proved to be an able workman," 
4 



50 

(Two steps backward to one forward is not very rapid progress, Mr. 
Lauer. — Ed.) 

" the product of whose labor, and the profits on what he consumes, are 
lightly estimated at $300 a year ; this makes another estimated loss of 
not less than $30,000,000 to the country, the total injury inflicted by 
the Know-nothing fanaticism by this cause alone being $60,000,000." 

(Will Mr. Lauer continue his estimate and tell us what it has cost 
the country to maintain the tramps ? nearly all of whom are foreigners 
and non-producers, except of vice, beer and whisky. Will he tell us how 
much it costs to care for the sick drunkard and bury the dead one ? Will 
he estimate the loss to the country of their effective life ? Also that of 
the degenerate progeny of drinking parents, the idiots and lunatics, and , 
the cost of their maintenance? The cost of building and supporting 
almshouses and prisons filled to overflowing by drinking foreigners? 
The cost of police and courts to arrest, try and convict foreign drinkers 
and criminals ? The cost of our public and private charitable institu- 
tions, filled mainly by foreigners, and the children of foreigners, pauper- 
ized by alcoholic drinks? Estimate these losses and expenses since 
1853, Mr. Lauer. It is wise to view both sides of the shield.) 

He continues : 

41 The panic of 1857 . . . must chiefly be laid to the charge of Know- 
nothingism, which drove away immigration from our shores. 

" I have dwelt upon this historical reminiscence only as an example, 
because that elder fanaticism was akin, in its effects upon immigration, 
to the newer and later fanaticism of the temperance women crusading 
from street to street and from house to house, like roaring lionesses 
seeking whom to devour/' 

(" Seeking whom to devour" is the licensed prerogative of the liquor 

d ! The lioness that would not fight, even to the death, to save 

her young, ought to be shot) 

Mr. Lauer charges to the crusaders a loss of 400,000 immigrants and 
$32,000,000 cash. 

(Money is always the beam in the beer eye. — Ed.) 

When the foreigner reads about such proceedings and our temperance 
laws, " he begins to think that America must be a mad-house let loose, 
and he declines to set up his home in a community of bedlamites.' ' 

(Beer inspires yeasty language ! — Ed.) 

" These industrious people from the old world should now be assured 
that they may find here free homes — free alike in theory as to their 
political rights to be acquired in course of time, as also free in their 
personal rights and individualities, in their tastes, habits and pleasures," 

(" The Chinese must go /" — their tastes do not incline to whisky or 
beer, but to opium. Consistency is a jewel, Mr. Lauer. — Ed.) 



51 

" which assurance can be given only by total abstinence — yes, by total 
abstinence — from all sumptuary legislation, by wiping out from the 
statute-books of the States whatever laws have been passed to curtail 
and repress this personal freedom. . . . Then we shall see immigration 
assume not only its former extent, but outgrow it by far." 

(Then may the Chinese " find here free homes?" Shall "these in- 
dustrious people from the old world " be " free in their personal rights 
and individualities, in their tastes, habits and pleasures ?" We pause 
for a reply from other foreigners.) 

There is a wide difference in opinion as to the unmitigated benefit 
accruing to the country from excessive immigration. Mr. George 
William Curtis, in his oration at the one hundredth anniversary of the 
first battle of the American Revolution, proved by statistics — 

" that now immigrants and the children of immigrants are a quarter 
of the whole population of the United States. This enormous influx 
of foreigners has added an immense ignorance and entire unfamiliarity 
with republican ideas and habits to the voting class. It has brought 
other political traditions, other languages and other religious faiths. 
It has introduced powerful and organized influences not friendly to the 
republican principle of freedom of thought and action," 

(True ! And chief among these powerful and organized influences is 
the " Brewers' Association," which holds out a helping hand to socialists, 
1 ramps and all other topsy-turvists. — Ed, 

Mr. Lauer, with characteristic felicity, denounces prohibitory and re- 
strictive laws as failures which brewers, as honest and respectable citi- 
zens, must fight, because they "do not. want to stand before the com- 
munity as hypocrites and law-breakers." 

(Brewers are not alone in their desire for patented respectability: 
gamblers and lottery swindlers ; debauchees and pimps also would like 
to invoke the license of law. — Ed.) 

Mr. L. denies that drink is the chief cause of crime. He says : "A 
select committee of the New York Legislature, appointed to investigate the 
causes of the increase of crime in the city of New York, made a report last 
February, in which this remarkable sentence occurs : " Among the most 
potent causes of the increase of crime in the city of New York has been, 
without doubt, the inefficiency and corruption of the police force/ and 
the committee gave numerous details to show that certain classes of 
crime depend wholly upon the connivance of the police for their exis- 
tence." 

(Just so, friend Lauer ; and now, as there is no effect without a cause, 
Tf hat so corrupted the police? — Ed,) 

Let us hear what the Hon. Noah Davis, Chief Justice of the Supreme 
Court of New York, has to say about the relation between intemper- 
ance and crime. 



52 

" Among all the causes of crime, intemperance stands out the ' un- 
approachable chief/ This fact may be established both affirmatively 
and negatively. It is proved by the existence of intemperance, and 
equally as well by its non-existence; just as the tides of the ocean may 
be proved by the flood and by the ebb. First, let us briefly consider 
the proof by existence. The proposition is, that whenever and where- 
ever intemperance is most prevalent crime is most abundant. Crime is 
the mercury of a political and moral thermometer which intemperance 
and its opposite affect as heat and cold. This recognized fact has 
created an elementary principle in the criminal common law — that 
drunkenness is no excuse for crime. 

" Intoxicating drinks enable men to commit crimes by firing the pas- 
sions and quenching the conscience. Many times in my own experi- 
ence have young men looked up to me, when asked what they had to 
say why the sentence of the law should not be pronounced, and falter- 
ingly said : ' I was drunk ; I would not and could not have done it had 
I not been drunk.' 

" That habits of intemperance are the chief cause of crime is the tes- 
timony of all judges of large experience. More than two hundred 
years ago, Sir Matthew Hale, then Chief Justice of England, to whom 
as a writer and judge we are greatly indebted for our own criminal 
law, speaking on this subject, said : 'The places of judicature I have 
long held in this kingdom, have given me an opportunity to ob- 
serve the original cause of most of the enormities that have been 
committed for the space of nearly twenty years, and by due observa- 
tion, I have found that if the murders and manslaughters, the burglar- 
ies and robberies, the riots and tumults, the adulteries, fornications,, 
rapes and other enormities that have happened in that timo, were 
divided into five parts, four of them have been the issue and product 
of excessive drinking — of tavern and ale-house drinking.' Leaping 
over two hundred years of English history and jurisprudence, I call 
one other eminent judge of great experience to testify. Lord Chief- 
Baron Kelly, perhaps the oldest judge now on the English bench, says, 
in a letter to the Arch-deacon of Canterbury : ' Two-thirds of the: 
crimes which come before the courts of law of this country are occa- 
sioned chiefly by intemperance/ 

" Not less explicit is the testimony of those whose official duties have 
brought them in contact with convicted criminals. Speaking of intem- 
perance, the chaplain of the Preston House of Correction, said : 'Nine- 
tenths of the English crime requiring to be dealt with by law arises 
from the English sin which the law scarcely discourages.' And the 
late inspector of English prisons says : 'lam within the truth when I 
state that in four cases out of five, when an offense has been committed, 
intoxicating drink has been one of the causes.' The reason for this is 
not found in English skies. A committee of the House of Commons 
of the Dominion of Canada, reporting in 1875, state that ' out of 28,289 
commitments to the jails of the provinces of Ontario and Quebec, 
during the three previous years, 21,236 were committed either for 
drunkenness or for crimes perpetrated under the influence of drink.' 

" This is not a mere provincial imitation of the fashions of the= 
mother country ; for alas ! in our own land, under our beloved repub- 
lican institutions, the same startling facts exist. Massachusetts, great 



53 

keeper of Plymouth Rock and of the virtues that landed there, tells 
the same tale. The report of her State Board of Charities, for 1869, 
says : ' The proportion of crime traceable to thi3 great vice, must be set 
down, as heretofore, at not less than four-fifths/ and her inspectors of 
State prisons, in 1868, gave the same proportion. Coming closer home, 
we have the testimony of our Board of Police Justices in their report 
of 1874: ' We are fully satisfied,' said they, 'that intoxication is the 
one great leading cause that renders the existence of our police courts 
necessary.' 

" Of seventeen cases of murder, examined separately by Dr. Harris, 
Corresponding Secretary of the Prison Association, fourteen were insti- 
gated by intoxicating drinks. The line of witnesses might stretch out to 
the crack of doom. The case would only be a little stronger. It is es- 
tablished beyond argument by official statistics, by the experience of 
courts and by the observation of enlightened philanthropists, that the 
prevalence of intemperance in every country is the standard by which 
its crimes may be measured. Whatever man or woman can do that 
checks intemperance, diminishes crime, lessens vice and misery, and 
promotes virtue and happiness. Whatever man or woman does do that 
spreads intemperance, increases crime, promotes vice and misery, and 
lessens virtue and happiness. 

" The relation of intemperance to crime is also plainly manifest 
where drunkenness is repressed by partial or complete prohibition. The 
cases of towns and villages where, by the arrangements of their found- 
ers, no liquors or intoxicating drinks have ever been allowed to be sold, 
furnish strong evidence. Vineland, with its 10,000 people, without a 
grog-shop, and with a police force of one constable, who is also over- 
seer of the poor, (with a salary for both offices of $75,) reports in some 
years a single crime, and a poor-rate swelling to the aggregate of 84 
a year. Greeley, in Colorado, is another town of 3,000 people, and no 
liquor-shop. It uses and needs no police force, and in two years and a 
half $7 only was called out of its poor-fund. Bavaria, Illinois, a town 
of the same, population with absolute prohibition, was without a 
drunkard, without a pauper, and without a crime. 

" It may be said that these are not fair examples because the inhabit- 
ants were all teetotallers or temperance men. They are less conclusive, 
perhaps, but they certainly show the value of the absence of temptation. 
How is it then where prohibition exists by absolute law ? I will not 
take Maine, the hackneyed theme of so many contradictions, further 
than to state that in 1870 her convictions for crime under prohibition 
were only 431, or one in every 1,689, while in our State (exclusively of 
this city), under license, the convictions w T ere 5,473, or one in every 
620 souls. Can it be that the rural population of New York is so 
much more addicted to crime than the people of Maine ? 

" But take Connecticut — commonly called ' the land of steady habits/ 
Under the prohibition law of 1854 crime is shown to have diminished 
75 per cent. On the restoration of license, in 1873, crime increased 50 
per cent, in a single year, and in two years in Hartford, according to 
official returns presented by the Rev. Mr. Walker, crime increased in 
that city 400 per cent. In New London the prison was empty, and the 
jailor out of business for awhile after prohibition went into effect. Con- 
necticut has now a local option act. Under it New London lately voted 
for no license. 



54 

" I found in the New York Herald, a few mornings ago, a letter from 
New London, lamenting at great length the present sufferings of thirsty- 
souls in that city. The concluding portions of the letter are so naive 
and so much to my purpose, that you will pardon me for reading them : 

" i There are, of course, two sides to the question, and one of thein is 
perhaps exhibited in the records of the police of this town for the month 
during which the prohibitory law has been in operation. The " force " 
consists of a captain, a sergeant and five patrolmen. The captain states 
that the number of arrests for intoxication heretofore averaged between 
thirty-five and fifty per month. Seven was the number for November 
— in fact, it was only six, as one of them got tipsy on the night before 
the law went into operation, but was not arrested until the following 
day. The whole number of arrests on all charges each month is about 
100, and the number of persons locked up on other charges than 
drunkenness shows a corresponding decrease, because many crimes grow 
out of that. 

" ' Another point is that the class of persons most injured by drinking 
find it impossible to obtain liquor. The poor wretch who on Saturday 
night would get drunk and squander his week's earnings can find no one 
to sell him rum, because no sooner does he venture in the streets in a 
drunken condition than he is arrested and forced to testify against those 
who sold him the liquor. That class of excessive drinkers is thus bene- 
fited by the law, and it is to bring this about that the moderate drinkers 
suffer annoyance and strangers total deprivation. 

" ' Again, the houses where gambling and other vices flourish com- 
plain of the new law. It seems odd at the first blush that they should 
be afraid to break one law in establishments which depend for their ex- 
istence upon the infringement of another, but it will be seen that if their 
customers become intoxicated they would be the means of calling atten- 
tion to the places where the liquor was obtained, and that would lead to 
the latter being closed.' 

" But we have had a striking example in our own city. The Metro- 
politan Excise law of 1866 was absolutely prohibitory on the Sabbath. 
Prior to that law there had been no material difference in the number 
of arrests made on that day and on other days of the week. Taking 
Tuesdays for comparison, there were from January 1st, 1867, to Octo- 
ber 1st, 1868, of Tuesday arrests 11,034, of Sunday arrests 5,263, show- 
ing a difference of 5,771. A larger difference probably prevails under 
our present law, and the older citizens talk of the quiet and good order 
that now exist on Sundays, as in striking contrast to the condition of 
things when liquors were freely sold on the Sabbath. 

"On the day of our annual elections a statute draws around each 
polling-place a circle of absolute prohibition, within which no intoxi- 
cating drinks may be sold or given. Contrasted with former days, who 
fails to recognize the change from excitement, disorder and crime to 
almost universal quietude and peace? And who does not see that the 
measure of peace depends upon the vigilance with which the police en- 
force the statute ? During the spasmodic efforts of the police authorities 
of this city about one year ago to enforce the Excise law, one of the police 
commissioners told me that in his opinion arrests for crime (other than 
for breaches of the Excise laws) had fallen off between thirty and forty 
per cent. Yet there was no general and complete enforcement of the- 



55 

law. This fact speaks volumes for what might be accomplished in New 
York. 

" But I am not here to argue for prohibition. My sole purpose is to 
establish that intemperance is an evil factor in crime, by showing that 
whatever limits or suppresses the one diminishes the other in a ratio 
almost mathematically certain. Whether judging from the declared 
judicial experience of others, or from my own, or from carefully-col- 
lected statistics running through many series of years, I believe it 
entirely safe to say that one-half of all the crime in this country and of 
Great Britain is caused by the intemperate use of intoxicating liquors ; 
and that of the crimes involving personal violence certainly three- 
fourths are chargeable to the same cause." 

Prohibition in Maine is a failure is the refrain of the Liquor League. 
" Let us see. In 1832 the drink bill of Maine was $10,000,000, in 
1877 not over 8500,000. Then it lacked just 85,900,000 of being a 
failure financially, and more morally than human figures can compute. 
Give us a Maine law failure in every State. 1 ' — Maine Temperance 
Journal. 

Resolutions of the 16th Congress. 

1 Whereas, The brewing industry of the United States, from the amount of rev- 
enue it contributes, the nature of the production it supplies, and the manufac- 
turing and business interests it sustains, is entitled to just and proper recognition 
on the part of the government and government officials ; and 

" Whereas, It is the duty of the government of the United States to foster and 
protect any business necessary and requisite to the well-being of the community, 
it is, therefore, by this Convention hereby 

"Resolved, That our government be petitioned to remove all enactments preju- 
dicial to the interests of the brewing trade; and that all sections of the Internal 
Eevenue laws dangerous to our interests be removed." 

" Whereas, The brewers of the United States have received, at the hands of the 
present members of both Houses of Congress, impartial hearing and prompt relief 
from Internal Eevenue rulings which unjustifiably embarrassed them in the pur- 
suit of their trade/"' (a hit at Commissioner Pratt. — Ed.), "and 

"Whereas, On the floor of the Senate the opinion has been expressed (by Sena- 
tor Dawes, of Massachusetts, Chairman of Senate Committee of Ways and 
Means. — Ed.) that new legislation in the Eevenue laws relating to the manufac- 
ture and sale of malt liquors should only be had after conferring with the officers 
of the United States Brewers' Association, as men whose opinion is entitled to 
great weight — 

"Resolved, That the members of the United States Brewers' Association hereby 
manifest their appreciation of such relief granted and opinion expressed," etc., etc. 

Following a preamble in reference to the " Self-styled temperance 
party/' it was 

"Resolved, That this Association pledges itself to devote time, talent and funds, 
to expose the fallacies of teetotalism ; and it is further 

"Resolved, That by every lawful means, those who espouse the cause of teetotal- 
ism," {personal liberty! ! ) "whether for political influence or personal aggrandize- 
ment/' ( Why do brewers espouse the cause of beer?) "be opposed to the uttermost ; 
(beware, lecturers/ especially those of you who depend upon penny contributions I) and it 
is further 

"Resolved, That, by lectures," (paid? — Ed. • pamphlet* and the newspaper press > 
the benefits of malt liquors be prominently placed before the public." 



56 

(No "personal aggrandizement" here, — Ed.) 
Moved, and adopted by a rising vote. 

"The Executive Committee shall have power to engage able and 
competent literary men in order to contradict the false assertions of the 
enemies of our trade, and that said committee have further power to 
draw for this purpose, during the coming year, on the treasury of the 
Association, an amount not to exceed $3,000." 

Mr. Schalk, who moved the resolution, thought that all such articles 
should be published in those papers which may have published false 
insinuations against the brewers. 

(An opportunity for the newspapers to get some beer money. — Ed.) 

Mr. Louis Schade, attorney for the Association, then explained some 
Internal Kevenue troubles, closing with : " I am sorry to observe that 
Commissioner Pratt continues the small business of harassing the 
brewers unnecessarily, and I have no doubt, especially from what I have 
learnt from leading Congressmen, of both sides," (N. B. — " both sides." 
— Ed.) that Congress will change the law so as to make it impossible 
for the Commissioner, to put any false construction on it hereafter. 
Fortunately, there is time enough for Congress left to do that before it 
will adjourn." {And it was done! — Ed.) 

Poor Pratt ! The liquor dealers w r ere too much for him. If he and 
Mr. Bristow would but tell us what they know about liquor tactics ! 

DO NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS ! ! 



17th Annual Brewers' Convention, Milwaukee, June 6th, 1877. 

Hon. R. R. Butler, Mayor of the City, welcomed the delegates. 
After due eulogy of beer, brewers, and German customs, (for instance, 
their Sabbath and license of prostitution! — Ed.) he perorated: "It is 
one of our highest duties to tolerate differences of opinion, in respect to 
personal habits, religion and politics." 

(Adultery, Restellism, Mormonism, Socialism, etc., etc.) 

"And that man who is not tolerant of other men's opinions, honestly 
entertained — be he Puritan or Liberal, Infidel or Christian, Protestant 
or Catholic, Democrat or Republican — is an enemy of our institutions." 

(Toleration of teetotalism is now in order.) 

President Rueter felicitated the brewers on the significance of the fact, 
" that the head of a great city comes boldly forward and speaks out in 
favor of malt liquor, as against alcoholic drinks." His trade statistics 
were so favorable, " that fermented malt liquors have proven themselves 
the people's drink — the hard times drink The Brewer's Indus- 
trial Exhibition, at the Centennial, has done much to instruct the pub- 
lic, by ocular demonstration, in regard to the nature and social mission 
of malt liquors," etc., etc. 

" The Association has had no important controversy with the Inter- 
nal Revenue Department." 



57 

( Commissioner Pratt has paid the penalty of faithfulness. — Ed.) 
Mr. Rueter informs the brewers of "an effort to gain through Con- 
fess a modification of Section 3,243, Eevised Statutes, to provide that 
no State thereafter shall enact any law prohibiting the manufacture 
and sale of articles, the taxation of which the government makes large 
and indispensable sources of Internal Revenue." 

Do NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS ! 

Obeying this treacherous advices — the inspiration of the Liquor 
League — where are the men in Congress to stand guard over temper- 
ance interests ? 

President Reuter continues : " No prevarication and no Congressional 
enactment, such as Section 3,243, of Revised Statutes, can in the least 
affect the truth and the force of the maxim, that taxation sanctions." 

(This is true, and is the justification for prohibitory liquor laws, 
National and State. " Where the wall bulges, there build the buttress"} 

Mr, Reuter then satirizes the " Iron-clad prohibitory law," of Maine,, 
and its " Godfather, Neal Dow," for, excepting cider ! Maine opium \% 
also emphasized. 

(" Great as is the opium evil it is not so terrible as is that of alcohol^ 
ics. Opium lulls the passions, alcohol arouses them, and where opium 
brings prostration and inanition, alcohol urges on to deeds of violence 
and murder.") 

Then the venerable president gives the temperance devotees of the 
" Divine weed " sl blast, 

" Now here are men bent on reforming themselves and others! and at 
the same time, these very reformers prove themselves slaves to the use 
of tobacco in its worst form, by indulging to excess, even during their 
deliberations, in the filthy habit of chewing, and outrage common de- 
cency by fouling hall and club-room by their nasty ejections. Con- 
sistency, thou art a jewel !" 

Good and true ! only it sounds like Satan rebuking sin, coming from 
a German president of a Brewers' Convention. Who ever saw a bar 
or a beer-garden without tobacco? Consistency is a jewel not yet 
bosomed by the average man, reformer or deformer. 

The slaughtered prohibitory law of Massachusetts, was reviewed 
through the veto message of Governor Rice, whose false arguments and 
statements are answered in u Alcohol and the State/' which book should 
be read by every person who wishes to know the merits or demerit* of 
prohibitory laws. 

The purity of beer was established, and Mr. Rueter took his seat 
amidst tremendous applause, followed by thanks and three cheers. 

The secretary informed the convention that " the Post-Office had es- 
tablished a branch in the hall for the convenience of the delegates. 
The freedom of the Exchange Room, Chamber of Commerce and of 
the grounds and buildings of the 'Soldiers' National Home,' were 
respectfully tendered to the Association !" (Four by honor!; 



58 

A communication from the Hon. Commissioner of Internal Revenue,, 
General Green B. Raum, addressed to Louis Schade, Washington, At- 
torney of the brewers was, on request, read. Commissioner Raum says : 
" I am glad to learn that the conduct of this Bureau has been sat- 
isfactory to such an important body of tax-payers as the brewers of the 
United States, and I trust that nothing will occur to disturb the friendly 
relations now existing between this office and your association." 

Continued applause. (Evidently Commissioner Raum has in re- 
membrance the fate of contumacious Pratt, and does not aspire to the 
sacrificial altar.) 

The Ex-Committee report : " There were a multiplicity of cases of 
more or less importance brought before your Executive during the past 
year, and by them submitted, through your attorney, to the proper' 
departments of government, in all cases with good result; (I) and your 
Executive are happy to be able to report that the Internal Revenue 
Bureau has invariably met these appeals with justice and respect, and 
the relations at the present time existing between the department and 
your association are of the most satisfactory character. " (Good and 
faithful servant!) 

" Your Executive have closely watched and determinately tracked the 
efforts that are being made by the so-called temperance party in nearly 
every State in the Union ; they have taken stringent measures to thwart 
many of the schemes they have adopted to hamper our trade , and in most 
cases have been successful, but forbear entering into details, which are 
duly recorded." 

DO NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS ! ! 

The Agitation Committee, charged with the general interests of the 
entire brewing trade, " to guard and defend it against inimical influ- 
ences from all sides, especially, and as far as possible, as regards the 
enactment of oppressive, arbitrary and unjust laws affecting the manu- 
facture and sale of malt liquors, the hostile machinations of political 
parties," etc., etc., report : A faithful discharge of duty. We " have 
considered, agitated and procured the removal of many matters detri- 
mental to your interests, both of local and general character 

The duties upon imported barley and hops should be removed," 
etc., etc. 

" Since the fall elections of last year, some of the results of which ap- 
pear to have revived the drooping ardor of those intemperate fanatics 
and our ancient foes, the teetotalers, there has been revived throughout 
the entire United States, a spirit of antagonism against malt liquors. 
Many of the dead schemes of the past h&ve been resurrected, and 
others have been born, whereby all who are engaged in their manufac- 
ture or sale are retarded, insulted and annoyed. Over all these mat- 
ters your committee exercise a strict supervision, but their labors be- 
come most onerous when they are called upon to counteract State 
enactments, which are offered in direct opposition to the laws and Con- 
stitution of the United States." (The U. S. Supreme Court is not of 
your opinion, Mr. Lauer.) 



59 

u The brewing industry is recognized, as it very properly should be. 
by the government ; it contributes very largely to its revenues, and it 
is an actual necessity to the welfare of the community.!?) Yet State 
laws of such a character as may be positively termed imbecile, are per- 
mitted to hamper it Every State appears to have a peculiar hobby in 
the form of a prohibitory enactment. The ' Bell-punch ' bill of Vir- 
ginia, and the total prohibition (with the exception of cider by the 
gallon,) of Maine, may be noticed as extremes. 

" These measures are instigated by our enemies, and impressed upon 
the minds of facile politicians, who, too often, it is to be feared, 
support them, not upon principle but to gain popularity and pell 
Your committee advise that in no case should lobbying be resorted to, 
to defeat such measures, but direct appeal should always be made to the 
common sense of the public at large." I So, so, friend Lauer, thy con- 
science is improving. — Ed. 

In The American Brewers' Gazette, October loth, 1878, are pub- 
lished some of Mr. Lauer's notes on travel through the Southern 
States: while in North Carolina, he called on Governor Vance. "I 
told him," writes Mr. Lauer, " that I had read his message in which he 

recommended immigration and that I had been informed that a 

bill had been framed, and would be introduced in the North Carolina 
Legislature, to prohibit the sale of intoxicating beverages in the State, 
including malt liquors. If this should become a law, I told him, the 
people of North Carolina could never look for any German immigrants 
into the State. He assured me of his personal opposition to such 
fanaticism and that during his residence in Charlotte, he drank my 
beer daily." (Governor Vance is now a member of the Executive 
Committee of the Congressional Temperance Society. — Ed.) " As the 
governor of North Carolina has no veto power, I called upon nu- 
merous senators and representatives, and was assured by them that the 
bill would not receive their approval, and when the bill was finally in- 
troduced, before my departure, a motion prevailed that the bill be in- 
definitely laid on the table. I accordingly congratuated myself in 
having done the cause which I represent some good. After the legis- 
lature had settled the temperance question, I called upon a number of 
them and offered them my congratulation-." 

* Here is no lobbying ! One man from Pennsylvania, backed by a 
powerful political organization, is able to defeat the will of the people 
ef a distant State ! — Ed. 

Again : in his speech after his report as chairman of the Agitation 
Committee, Mr. Lauer says: "Another attempt was made during the 
last session of the Legislature of Pennsylvania, to re-enact a local option 
law, but as the experience of the impracticability of such fanaticism 
was fresh in the minds of the legislators, the attempt was voted down." 

He does not explain, however, that this so-called " experience" was 
derived from the Agitator's lobbying propensities 

u DO NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITK E 

For by so doing, you might possibly counteract the machination- 



60 

the Liquor League, and, that moral organization is " The True Temp- 
erance Society !" Therefore, by all means, continue to co-operate urith it 

Mr. Lauer clearly indicates the fulcrum of the liquor lever when he 
says : " Either the manufacture and sale of these articles are all wrong 
and a crime, (Amen !) and then the government becomes particeps 
criminis by fostering and taxing the same (Amen and Amen !) or they 
are branches of legitimate business, and as honorable and necessary as 
as any other, and then the government is bound to protect those citi- 
zens, at least as long as it compels them to pay taxes, against any 
obnoxious and destructive interference by anybody, whether it be a 
le • lature or a body of citizens/' 

(Mr. Lauer is here perfectly logical — and through this argument and 
its inevitable result the people shall yet learn to their sorrow, that 

" DO NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS," 

is but the false light of the wreckers to decoy their victims to de- 
struction. 

In reference to the result of the Brewers' Exposition at the Centen- 
nial, Mr. Lauer says : " Friends were created in behalf of the brewing 
interest, who were heretofore its most bitter enemies, and the value to 
the brewers of the United States, by the change made in public senti- 
ment will, in years to come, amount to millions of dollars." 

(Behold the cloven foot ! Moneyism ! Moneyism ! This great Republic, 
the aspiration of the world, in the mind of the self-seeking liquor dealer, 
is nothing more than a holocaust to mammon. 

The brewers' exposition was incomplete in its educational mission in- 
smuch as it showed but a section of the panorama. The visitors 
^nould have seen the victims of beer, living and dead, crowding the 
roof and ridge-pole, the corridors, and cellars, and counters of that build- 
ing ; then would the brewing interest have been "fittingly represented.") 

By request of the chair, L. Schade, Esq., Attorney of the Association, 
presented to the convention certain amendments to Internal Revenue 
laws that are obnoxious to brewers. Congress is to be induced to 
prevent the States " from passing any prohibitory and tyrannical laws." 

(" Eternal Vigilance is the Price of Liberty.") 

Mr. Schade says : " I am quite sanguine that we could obtain such 
relief from Congress if proper efforts were made by the friends of per- 
sonal liberty throughout the country." 

(So, so, Mr. Attorney ! There are other than foreign interpreters of 
personal liberty.) 

Mr. Schade concludes with expressions of gratitude to General Raum, 
.Commissioner Internal Revenue, "for the speedy and successful settle- 
ment of the many claims that have come into my hands as your attorney, 
and I congratulate the brewers upon the present management of that 
department." (Raum must stay !) 



61 

Mr. Sehade's propositions were embodied in the resolutions. Also, 
after a preamble as to the " ignorance and enmity," " gross misrepre- 
sentations and malicious falsehoods" of " temperance organizations and 
individuals," it was 

" Resolved-, That your committee be authorized to meet 'such slanders by fair 
and honest (?) statements on every occasion they are brought to their notice ; and 
that all public prints refusing to publish such statements in reply to calumnies be 
duly reported, and action taken thereon. n | A beer-dozed press !) 

" And it is further . 

u Resolved, That all persons seeking appointment for public offices, who are 
known enemies to our trade, or who seek the support of the so-called temperance 
party, be earnestly opposed irrespective of their political creeds." 

" DO NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS !" 

Meanwhile the brewers, not satisfied with the control of parties and 
elections, now propose to dominate the appointing power as well. The 
Legislative ! the Executive ! the Judiciary ! What next ? Nothing re- 
mains to Americans but the II. S. Supreme Court. Guard that last 
bulwark of our institutions and Constitution. 

Delegate J. H. McAvoy, of Chicago, informed the convention : " The 
brewers of Illinois have expended §10,000 to beat the temperance 
party at the elections." Mr. Frederick Pabst, of Milwaukee, remarked : 
"The brewers of Milwaukee have also expended a large amount of 
money to oppose the temperance party." 

The chair said : " Almost every local association has expended large 
amounts for this purpose." 

" Where the wall bulges, there build the buttress." 

" Five hundred dollars were paid to Hon. Matt, H. Carpenter for 
long-written opinion upon the constitutionality of the Michigan Statutes, 
known as the liquor tax laws, including Acts 226 and 228 of the year 
1875, and the proposed law of 1877." The bill provided for a tax of 
$100 upon the business of selling by retail malt or fermented liquors 
manufactured in whole or in part out of the State of Michigan, in addi- 
tion to all other taxes. " The Committee on the Liquor Traffic of the 
House of Representatives had reported favorably upon the bill in ques- 
tion, and only through diligent persuasion was induced to recon- 
sider the matter." " The unconstitutionality of the measure was urged 
with such effect, that members previously united in its support, were 
divided on this particular question. The hottest debate of the entire 
session took place when the bill was reached upon the floor of the House, 
and from day to day, and week to week, final action was deferred, and 
the consideration of the bill was made the subject of a special order, thus 
affording the supporters of the measure an opportunity to bring to bear 
all their~strength, both on the floor and in the lobbies." (No lobbying, 
Mr. Lauer. — Ed.) The bill was defeated; and, in addition to $500, a 
seat in the United States Senate has been bestowed upon Hon. Matt* 
Carpenter. 



62 

" Do NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS !" 

For, by so doing, you might succeed in sending to Congress or to 
your legislature men pledged to guard temperance interests. 

» 

18th Congress, Baltimore, June 5th, 1878. 

Present, as representatives of the government, Messrs. General Green 
B. Raum, Commissioner of Internal Revenue Department; Louis 
Schade, Attorney of the Association. 

Major Keilholtz, Acting Mayor of the city, oeing introduced, said : 
M I believe that the citizens of Baltimore are rejoiced to know that their 
city has been chosen as the place of meeting of so large and influential 
a body of citizens as constitute your organization, . . . 1 appreciate it 
as an honor and most agreeable duty to be enabled to welcome you to 
our midst. ... If, in your endeavors, you succeed in instilling in the 
minds of the people of this Commonwealth that your object is to demon- 
strate that the manufacture, sale and consumption of malt liquors tends 
to better the condition of the workingman, as well as all well-to-do 
classes, you will have accomplished a great task, and one in which the 
whole community will wish you Godspeed." 

The Mayor's servile homage was loudly applauded by his familiars, 
to the shame of the respectable portion of Baltimore's citizens, many of 
whom, doubtless, were politically accessory to this prostitution of the 
city's honor by its chief magistrate. 

President Rueter, in his address, reverted to the 5th Brewers' Con- 
gress, 1865, when " were taken the important initiatory steps which led 
directly to the adoption by Congress of our present mode of paying the 
internal revenue tax on malt liquors. , ... To this practical tax system 
is due a full share of credit for the prosperous development of the breiving 
industry of this country." 

(The miserable victims of this Congressional conspiracy ought to be 
duly grateful. — Ed.) 

"The friendly understanding between the government and the 
brewers as tax-payers, which gave us the present law, remains undi- 
minished, after a period of thirteen years. The kindly disposition 
which prompted the projection and enactment of a law duly appre- 
ciating the exigencies of our trade, yet governs its administration at the 

Department at Washington I hope and trust that this gratifying 

state will be perpettfated, and that our affairs will ever be so directed, 
that government will be justified in taking and valuing the advice of 
the Executive of our Association in all legislative and administrative 
action of importance concerning our trade." 

" Do NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS !" 

(You might, by so doing, antagonize the beer influence, and, for the 
perpetuity of our institutions, that must reign undisputed and supreme. 
*" All we ash is to be let alone I" 

King Gambrinus is a bigger man than old Washington !) 

President Rueter continues : " Considering the fact that the year last 



63 

past was the most disastrous, financially, through which the country 
has ever passed, and that commerce and manufactures generally remain 
very much depressed, it cannot be otherwise than gratifying to you to 
hear that the largest annual sales of your products ever reached have 
been very nearly maintained." 

Men may come and men may go, 
But beer goes on forever, you know. 

Men, women, children begging for bread while paying for beer. 

There is injustice somewhere. Where, reader ? Wherever there is 
injustice, there is suffering. 

The patronage of the government has increased the manufacture of 
beer from one million barrels in 1863 to nine millions in 1877 (round 
numbers). This presupposes honest returns. See Commissioner Wells' 
statement at the 5th Congress, page 5. " Six millions of barrels of beer 
are brewed annually, while only two and one-half millions had paid tax" 

(The brewers' conscience fund has sprung a leak.) 

Mr. Eueter quotes freely from the Baltimore Gazette, the Eastern 
Argus and the Portland Daily Press, in reference to the morality of 
beer and the failure of prohibitory laws. 

(Can it be possible that the press resolutions passed by the Brewers' 
Conventions of 1868, '69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77 (see Eesolu- 
tions), have any connection with these and other fermenting editorials 
and communications?) 

Mr. Eueter says : " Much might be gained in securing public recog- 
nition of the just claims of beer and ale as popular beverages, if the 
press of the country would more generally come to their support.' ' 

(Just so, Mr. President ! You've captured the parties and baited the 
press ; now proselyte the pews from the pulpit, the public from the 
platform, and the psean of beer shall resound throughout the Eepublic.) 

To facilitate immediate transmission of the President's speech and 
other matters, a branch j^ost- office and telegraph station were located in 
the building. 

(A post-office at a temperance convention is now in order.) 

The delegates were invited to visit the Institution for the Deaf and 
Dumb. 

(Most of whom are alcohol's victims, by entailment. — Ed.) 

The Board of Trustees report : " Congratulations upon the fact that 
the United States Brewers' Association has now become an incorporated 
body, under a charter granted according to the laws of the State of New 
York, whereby members are protected in legal privileges and standing, 
and its united action rendered more valid and permanent" 

(The New York Tribune is arraigned at the bar for daring to expose 



64 

M Frauds in Ale and Beer." A warning to it and other mutinous 
papers. No bolting allowed in this symposium. — Ed.) 

" The Bureau of Awards of the Centennial Commission awarded to 
your Association a diploma and medal .... for a large, tasteful and 
appropriate building, and for an exceedingly interesting exhibit of the 
whole industry of brewing and marketing ale and beer, displayed in a 
most satisfactory and intelligent manner. 

" This effect of your exhibit at the Centennial has been to stimulate 
other countries, especially Austria, Bavaria and France, to similar 
displays," etc., etc. 

(Carrying coals to Newcastle; — the American Republic playing the 
role of beer missionary is a most edifying spectacle to the world.) 

" The Committee on Agitation have but little to report except in 
reference to the duty on Canada barley and malt. 

" Through the wise and efficient management of Commissioner Raum, 
of the Internal Revenue Department, Washington, D. C, the brewing 
interests of this country have experienced but little trouble during the 
past year. Certain western brewers who complain of difficulties in their 
sales on the border counties of Pennsylvania, are informed that, as a 
uniform law exists all over the State, their customers should seek proper 
legal remedies against any such dodges on the part of the temperance 
faction." 

The Commissioner of Internal Revenue wished to be informed as to 
what is a gallon, beer measure ? He was advised that the Brewers' 
Association had decided it to be the wine gallon of 231 cubic inches as 
against the beer gallon of 282 cubic inches. Amen, said the govern- 
ment. 

(Even tin measures must yield to the rapacity of the brewers. There 
is, however, a darkening cloud looming on this otherwise altogether 
lovely and serene beer horizon. Those miserable temperance fanatics 
will not down at bidding ; they are defiant, obstinate, and worse than 
all, aggressive. They will 

Take Temperance into Politics, 

and thus, though " but a mere handful," they are as a grain of sand in 
the beer eye, and the tears flow ; the stone in the beer bladder, and the 
agony is excruciating. " Gospel temperance " we can stand, for it don't 
hurt much, and rather deserves our most hearty support." See speech 
of Attorney Schade, at the 15th Congress, page 42. 

Legal temperance, however, is quite a different thing. It hurts, and 
hence is the abomination of desolation to the brewery and its devotees.) 

" Therefore," says Mr. Lauer, " you are urged to be unanimous in 
opinion and united in action as to the best way in which to meet and 
keep in check these adverse influences." 

" Malt liquors have become the great national beverage of the United 



66 

States," .... but, " we find prohibition in the form of heavy licenses, 
fanatic bell-punch enactments, and other stringent measures, calculated 
to degrade the business We must exercise the utmost watch- 
fulness Nineteen-twentieths of all internal revenue taxes are 

raised from the manufacture and sale of fermented and spiritous liquors 
and tobacco Destroy these vast industries, and the govern- 
ment would be crippled beyond recovery," (and chaos would come 
again. — Ed.) 

N. B. — Distilled spirits pay (round numbers) $51,000,000; tobacco, 
$41,000,000, and fermented liquors, $9,000,000. Now, the stock argu- 
ment of the brewers is : Beer vacates whisky, and thereupon the Brew- 
ers' Association is working might and main to cripple the government 
through its largest tax-payer ! ! 

How do you reconcile your theory with your practice, Mr. Lauer t 
Is not the government's discrimination in favor of the smallest tax-payer 
suicidal, from your stand-point? And President Rueter, who is so 
severe upon temperance tobacco slaves, is not he also laboring to cripple 
the revenue? If the amount of taxation is to decide the question, 
whisky and tobacco, rather than beer, are the vast industries (?) to be 
fostered, and were it not that the interests of all these are identical, they 
would have a right to complain of the favoring discrimination that 
otherwise would enable the brewers to monopolize the cultivation of 
man's lower instincts. 

Mr. Lauer- urges in defense of his business, that the puritan settlers of 
New England were the pioneer brewers in the country. 

(Yes, and they were the pioneer witch-burners also ; therefore, tha 
Salem atrocities must be perpetuated ! 

Again, " the desire for stimulants is universal," therefore, " a naturat 
instinct," which must be gratified. Well, history shows that the desire 
to persecute is universal — a natural instinct — but we do not seek its 
annihilation through gratification. On the contrary, we have reached 
that point in social evolution where we are ashamed of it, and have em- 
bodied this shame in law to protect ourselves from the operation of this 
animal instinct. That the law often fails, falls short of its mission, is 
not a valid plea for its repeal and a return to lower methods. Law is 
an educator for better or for worse, — Ed.) 

Mr. Lauer says : " Where clergymen are found advocating prohibi- 
tion, it generally happens that they are enslaved to the use of tobacco — 
a habit more expensive and more injurious than the use of the mildest 
form of stimulating liquors, because of the tobacco habit being generally- 
indulged in at an early age, so that the youth of our land grow up in- 
veterate chewers and smokers." 

(Very true, friend Lauer, but remember that tobacco revenue of 
$41,000,000, without which " the wheels of the government would be 
5 



66 

locked." If the clergymen and the boys abstain, farewell to that source 
of revenue, and the day they do will be the dies irce for alcoholie** 
God speed it !) 

" The Mahomedans adhered to total abstinence for a period of twelre 
hundred years." 

(Thy history is inaccurate, friend Lauer.) 

" The Turks, as a rule, have faithfully adhered to their prohibitory 
laws." 

(Thou hast a treacherous memory, Frederick. Thou hast repeatedly- 
told us that " prohibition is a failure, and always must fail, because it is 
an impossible law.") 

" The desire for it " (alcohol) " is planted in man's nature by nature's 
laws, and what is so deeply engrafted there no human legislation can 
Toot out." And now thou sayest, " the Turks have faithfully adhered 
to their prohibitory laws for twelve hundred years." 

(Fie, fie, Frederick ! Thee wires in and thee wires out. Here is thy 
reason — an imagined opportunity to point a mpral against prohibition.) 

" We find as a result that of all the nations on the earth they are the 

most stupid, sluggish, slovenly, and even the most filthy Being 

a nation of water-drinkers, they have become a stagnant morass— an 
offense to civilization." 

" Diseases, desperate grown, 
By desperate appliance are relieved." 

Friend Lauer here forgets opium, and charges innocent water as the 
cause of vice ! Mahomet prohibited wine. Stronger drinks were then 
unknown. Since their introduction the Turks, like other casuists, have 
kept the letter of their law while violating its spirit. History tells us 
that while Mahomedans " observed total abstinence," so far from being 
" stupid and sluggish," they were among the most learned and enlight- 
ened people of the age. 

Our friend also says: "Let me caution our unprejudiced statesmen 
to keep aloof from fanatical temperance agitators," (they do. — -Ed.), "as 
the latter would carry fire and sword into every section of our free 
country." 

(The black flag has been raised by you, friend Lauer. See your 
speech at the 13th Congress — quoted on page 1.) 

The Agitator concludes : " The brewing interests of this country are 
too great to be restricted or hampered." 

(" God is not yet dead, Frederick !") 

Letters were read from Gov. Carroll and Hon. D. G. Henry, M. G, 
declining invitations to attend the festivities ; of acceptance, from Col- 



67 

lector Jno. L. Thomas, Jr., Hon. G. R. Dennis, U. S, Senate, Hon. E. 
J. Henkle, M. C, Hon. W. Kimmel, M. C. 

Resolutions : General. 

li Whereas, The breAving interest of the United States contributes nearly ten mil- 
lion dollars to the Internal Revenue of the country, which revenue is collected 
with less trouble or expense, and is paid more faithfully, than any other tax." 
(0?% a deficiency of about sixty per cent, see page 5. — Ed.) " and 

"Whereas, The steady progress made by this branch of industry proves it to be 
appreciated by the people, as adding to the health, well-being and contentment of 
the community. It is, therefore, by this Convention, hereby 

"Resolved, That, in consideration of these facts, (?) we urge upon the Admin- 
istration the wisdom of passing wise, just and equitable laws, under which our 
business may be peaceably conducted, and without unnecessary or arbitrary 
restriction." 

(What more can the government do than it has already done for this 
monopolist of patronage ? All it has asked it has received. It boasts 
of its ever increasing magnitude, at the rate of a million barrels per 
annum, and still it cries : " More, more." The government can give 
you no more, for the people are masters in this country ; they have been 
hoodwinked by party-fetchism, or you never had gained and maintained 
the power to rule and ruin. But, thank God, your reign is nearing its 
close. If the " mere handful " of prohibitionists have been such a ter- 
ror as your own words prove, what will ye do when the whole American 
people rise in defense of American institutions and send the liquor traf- 
fic where they have sent other violators of the divine law of brother- 
hood ? And, so true as there is a living God — A just God — the nine- 
teenth century shall see America sign the death warrant of the great 
crime of ages — the legalized liquor traffic; 

"Resolved, That the thanks of this Convention be tendered to Gen. Green B. 
Raum, Commissioner of Internal Eevenue, for his uniform courtesy and urbanity, 
and for the ready attention he has always given to representations from the execu- 
tive of your Association." 

Kesolutions: Temperance. 

" Whereas, The temperance factions in the various States of the Union are still 
pursuing their usual course of illiberality, fanaticism and bigotry, continuing to 
annoy and malign our business, etc., etc., and 

''Whereas, Such attacks are best met by open and truthful refutation, etc.. etc., 
it is, by this Convention, hereby 

"Resolved, 'That the public press be encouraged by your Association and by in- 
dividual members of our trade" (how encouraged?— Ed.) "to represent their in- 
terests truthfullv and fairly," (// they would but do this, temperance could ask no bet- 
ter service.— Ed.) " by furnishing information freely and cheerfully, by withholding 
no fact that will practically disprove ignorant assertions, etc., etc., and it is further 

"Resolved, That such influence as the trade can honestly exercise at the polls be 
used in the election of independent representatives, who will conscientiously (HJ 
maintain their opinions, irrespective of partisan influence or political jobbery." 

(N. B— As $10,000 in Illinois, and large sums by all local Associa- 
tions, were used to beat the temperance party in the last elections — see 
17th Convention, page 61 — it becomes an interesting query as to the 



68 

dictionary used by the brewers when defining " honestly " and " political 
jobbery.") 

" The Chair then informed the meeting that the Commissioner of 
Internal Revenue, General Green B. Raum, was expected, in company 
with Mr. Louis Schade, Attorney of the Association, from Washington, 
and as they had not arrived, a motion for a recess would be in order." 
10.45 A.M. 

11.40 A. M. President Rueter had the honor to introduce to the 
Convention, General Raum, Commissioner Internal Revenue. (Bois- 
terous applause.) 

After many acknowledgments of mutual admiration our (?) Com- 
missioner said : " In regard to the system of internal revenue, I recog- 
nize it simply as a code of laws for the collection of revenues, not for 
the regulation of men's business, because I think the less the govern- 
ment has to do in putting its nose {elegant!) in men's business the 

better I take pleasure in bearing witness that you have an 

officer at Washington who has at all times aided me in the enforcement 
of the law, and has given advice in bringing about such rulings that 
seem proper for the enforcement of the law." (Prolonged applause.) 

Louis Schade, the officer above referred to by the commissioner, is 
the Washington Attorney for the Brewers' Association. Also, Editor 
of their official organ in that city — The Washington Sentinel, in the 
columns of which, he is most virulent in opposition to the petition for a 
Commission of Inquiry into the Liquor Traffic. 

The Chair had the further honor of introducing to the convention, 
Mr. Robert M. Proud, Collector of Internal Revenue for the Third Dis- 
trict of Maryland. (Applause.) 

Mr. Proud, in his cordial and complimentary remarks, said : " When 1 , 
we see a large industry represented by so much intelligence, we as citi- 
zens, .... I think, have a right to feel some pride." (Loud applause.) 

On motion, the meeting rose and thus paid respect to the Honorable 
Commissioner and the Collector for the compliments they had paid 
the brewers of the United States. 

Do not take Temperance into Politics ! ! 

For, it might then command the respect and public recognition of 
government officials. 

Mr. Schade reported his transactions with the government. With 
the assistance of the Internal Revenue Commissioner, Gen. Raum, he 
-"had inserted in the Internal Revenue bill, recently reported by the 
Ways and Means Committee, and now before the House," eight 
amendments, in the interest of the brewers. There remain two more, 
which, Mr. Schade thinks there will be no difficulty in obtaining. 

The brewers' attorney and United States representative continues: 
" In accordance with your instructions ' to use your influence and direct 
your efforts against the enactment of a law fixing the import duty on 
Canada malt at thirty-five cents per thirty-four pounds,' and l advocate 
twenty cents specific duty, and as a matter of compromise, twenty-five 



69 

cents per bushel, but no more. 9 . . .1 had an interview with Hon. 
Milton Sayler, of Cincinnati, member of the Ways and Means Commit- 
tee, and, upon my request, as attorney of the United States Brewers' 
Association, he had that duty reduced from 35 to 20 cents, which rate 
was afterwards adopted and reported to the House in the Tariff bill." 

" Later, to wit, April 23d last, you instructed me ' to give your best 
endeavors, as the representative of the United States Brewers' Associa- 
tion, at Washington, to have that duty, in accordance with the senti- 
ment of a recent meeting of the Executive, at New York, increased from 
20 to 25 cents per bushel of thirty-four pounds/ 

" I laid your letter before the Hon. Milton Sayler, and he immedi- 
ately promised to have that change made in the bill whenever it would 
come up before the House." (Jumping Jacks t) 

DO NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS ! ! 

For, to do so might insure some amendments to our laws in its in- 
terests, and we might possibly succeed in obtaining a favorable response 
to our petition for a Commission of Inquiry. 

Attorney Schade proceeds to pay his respects to " Five-Commission, 
Bell-Punch, and other obnoxious bills." 

He opposes the bill for the adoption of the Bell-Punch (not brandy 
punch ! — Ed.) Register in the District of Columbia, because, " con- 
vinced that the adoption by Congress of any such law would be fol- 
lowed by that of almost every State in the Union." 

As for the Five-Commission, he reports : 

" For the last four years, the temperance fanatics have, at the begin- 
ning of every session of Congress, introduced immense numbers of 
petitions from all parts of the country, every one of them asking for 
the appointment of a Commission of five to investigate the liquor traffic. 
At the first glance one might suppose that such a commission could do 
no harm. But would the fanatics renew their efforts for such a com- 
mission every year, if they meant no harm ? Is it not apparent that 
that is to be the stepping-stone to bring this question into the National 
Congress ?" 

"Do not take Temperance into Politics!' 1 

For, there is the pre-empted domain of liquor. 

Mr. Schade continues : " Suspecting everything coming from that 
quarter, I have through my paper, the Washington Sentinel, and also 
in person, strenuously opposed the adoption of such a bill, and though 
the latter has passed the Senate two or three times, it has always failed 
in the House." 

Whom do these men represent — liquor dealers or temperance men ? 
or both together t (Miscegenation !) 

It would be interesting to know how many professing Christian 
voters co-operated with the liquor dealers, and, under the plea, 

DO NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS, 

assisted in electing men for Congress without knowing or caring for 



70 

their temperance status. They are fairly represented by the action of 
their representatives I Let them, for propriety's sake, cease to petition 
where they ought to command : " Servants, obey your masters !" 

What an anomaly ! Here is an organization of less than 600 men,, 
who yet are able to antagonize and subjugate the will of "immense 
numbers from all parts of the Union." Equal rights ! ! 

The reader's attention is again called to the utter inconsistency of 
the brewers' claim for the morality of beer with their opposition to this 
Commission of Inquiry. If their trade is what they would have us 
believe, " the true conservator of temperance/' they would court inves- 
tigation rather than shrink from it. Their action places them before 
the whole people, self-convicted and self-condemned hypocrites. 

" Your lips have spoken lies, your tongue hath muttered perverse- 
ness." 

Attorney Schade further says : " In my last year's report to you I 
urged the necessity of the government protecting its principal tax- 
payers (distillers. — Ed.) against prohibitory State legislation. I showed 
that if section 3243, Revised Statutes, would be so amended as to deny 
the States the privileges therein contained to interfere with the consti- 
tutional right of Congress to 'lay and collect taxes, duties, imports, 
and excises to pay the debts and provide for the common defense and 
general welfare of the United States/ all your present troubles caused 
by the fanatics would cease at once. I am glad to announce that Hon. 
Anthony Eickhoff, member of Congress fromNew York, has introduced' 
a bill in the House, repealing the above cited section, No. 3243." 

(Watch, and vote for your prayers. — Ed.) 

Mr. Schade concludes his report with a high recommendation of In- 
ternal Revenue Commissioner Raum. 

In return for the confidence and esteem of the brewers, Commissioner 
Raum at the request of the attorney, referring to draw-backs on beer, 
said : " I suggested to Mr. Schade, that a provision of the law should be 
made authorizing the exportation of beer without the payment of taxes. 
I look upon draw-backs a hardship upon those who have to make them, 
and shall endeavor to make the exportation free without the incum- 
brance of draw-backs." (Continued applause.) 

How is it that the distillers, who are by far the largest tax-payers, 
even with all their cheating, do not become jealous of the government's 
pets ? Lies the solution of the mystery in the identity of interests ? See 
President Rueter's speech at the 13th Congress, 1873, page 26. 

(N. B. — Commissioner Raum's fidelity and zeal for the interests, not 
of the government, but of the liquor dealers, whose servant he is.) 

Summary of the brewers' claims for protection by the State, and 
patronage by the people. 

1st. "They are large tax-payers:" — this would apply with 
much greater force to distillers, for spirits, so-called, pay annually 



71 

nearly six times the amount of Internal Revenue derived from fer- 
mented liquors. 

Again, President Clausen, at the Congress of 1871, in Pittsburgh, 
Pennsylvania, demanded, "the repeal, or at least a considerable re- 
duction, of the tax-rate on malt liquors, .... Why? Because we 
have in the United States over 200 collection districts where breweries 
are located, from which the government draws a revenue of six million 
dollars, a sum which is in no way destined to contribute to the payment 
of the United States debt, but only to maintain an army of officers while 
the Federal Treasury receives no part of it." 

(Now, whom are we to believe? President Clausen for exemption 
from taxation, or President Rueter for protection by taxation? — Ed.) 

2d. " That the desire for stimulants is a natural craving, irresistible 
and ineradicable; that fermented liquors are, above all others, adapted 
to satisfy the appetite for stimulants with least danger of abuse." 

The fallacy of these assumptions is self-evident to the physiologist, 
and even to the observer of average intelligence. It is a libel on the 
Creator to say He has been less bountiful to man than to the lower 
creatures. Man was made healthy and strong, needing stimulants (as 
defined by alcoholic apologists) no more than other animals. If he has 
deteriorated from his normal condition, it is because of transgression of 
nature's laws. The sins of the fathers are visited upon the children to 
the third and fourth generation. By the operation of the law of 
heredity he transmits his deterioration to his children, and in this 
sense only can the appetite for stimulants be callec^ natural. It is an 
inherited disease, and its cure does not lie in feeding it. No malady 
can be cured by driving it into the system. When not inherited it is 
an acquired taste, and grows by gratification. 

However, the controversy does not lie within the scope of these pages, 
for the reason, it does not touch the point at issue, viz., the turpitude of 
the advice, 

" DO NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS !" 

The prohibitionist is fighting the liquor traffic — not the appetites of 
men. He maintains that the State has no right to tax, and thereby 
sanction a business intrinsically bad ; that increases our taxes, and is 
the generator of disease, pauperism and crime ; a business that con- 
stantly wars against the welfare and safety of the people. The right of 
the individual as to eating or drinking is quite another question. 

It is the imperative duty of the State — its only legitimate end and 
aim to protect the citizens in life, liberty (not its parody, license) and 
property. The traffic in intoxicating liquors alienates those natural 
rights ; it is a parasite feeding upon all the legitimate resources of the 



72 

<oountry, and grows by what it feeds upon. The facts that support these 
propositions are patent to the most careless observer, and are incontro- 
vertible. No business has any valid claim to existence that not only 
-does not promote the general good, but does promote the general bad. 
For the State to tax and derive a revenue from a business that has for 
ages proved itself essentially vicious, is treason to the citizen. Moreover, 
the universality of the appetite and its result, intoxication, is one of the 
strongest arguments for the entire suppression of the cause. Our State 
Boards of Health sit in judgment on matters far less vital to the well- 
being of the community. 

The reader is invited to read again page 44 ; also, to read, "Alcohol 
and the State/' by Judge Pitman, of Massachusetts. 

3d. " Beer conduces to morality and temperance. Ger- 
many FOR PROOF." 

Beer is the ordinary drink at all low resorts. When a disreputable 
place or theatre is raided by the police, the inmates ancl attendants are 
; found drinking beer, and an indispensable employee is " a beer slinger." 
As to Germany, if we are to judge from what we see in this country, its 
moral tone is rather below than above par. The license and vulgarity 
of speech and manners of lager beer German women and girls, to say 
nothing of lager beer German men and boys, is shocking to an Ameri- 
can. N. B. Prostitution is licensed in Germany. 

Again : The condemnations for crimes in Germany are steadily increas- 
ing. In 1873 there were 11,692 convictions; in 1874, 12,844; in 1875, 
12,126; in 1876, 13,197, and in 1877, 14,849. " Morality follows in 
the wake of beer," says friend Lauer. These figures do not say so. 

The reader is referred to Sanger's " History of Prostitution," for infor- 
mation as regards the morality of beer in Germany and other parts of 
Europe, as also in the United States, — notice in the statistics of New 
York city, 1858, (the date of the book,) at that early day, twenty-one 
years ago, and before beer became the foster child of the government, 
the number of dancing saloons, liquor or lager beer stores where pros- 
titutes assemble, 151, page 580; of course, only female prostitutes are 
alluded to. In the 5 th District there were then, 13 lager beer stores 
used as resorts ; in the 11th District the Inspector says there are about 
a dozen lager beer saloons where Dutch girls of loose character assemble 
and dance at night. 

Dr. Sanger estimates (seeHistor page 584) the total number of frail 
women in New York city at that time to be 7,860 — of these, 6,000 are 
public prostitutes. 

Dr. S. further says: " Six-sevenths of the prostitutes drink intoxicating 
iiquors to a greater or less extent." " The annual expenditure on ac- 
count of prostitution is more than seven million dollars." This, 



73 

in one city, and, as long ago as 1858 ! Multiply this data by the com- 
parative population, and places of resort of to-day, you will have a 
faint idea of the social corrosion of the liquor traffic. What is true 
of New York city is equally true of every city in the Union, in pro- 
portion to its size, and number of bar-rooms. The relation of liquor 
to prostitution is that of parent to child. 

Figures, however great, make slight impression upon the mind. Six 
thousand prostitutes ! Let us try to realize the aggregate implied in 
this statement. 

Says Dr. Sanger : " Place this number of women in line, side by 
side, and if each was allowed only twenty-four inches of room, they 
would extend two miles and four hundred and eighty yards. Let them 
march up Broadway in single file, and allow each woman thirty-six 
inches (and that is as little as possible, considering the required space 
for locomotion) and they would reach from the City Hall to Fortieth 
Street. Or, let them all ride in the ordinary city stages, which carry 
twelve passengers each, and it would be necessary to charter five hun- 
dred omnibuses for their conveyance." 

Now, add to the female prostitutes, the male prostitutes, estimated 
by Dr. Sanger, (page 614) to be one-fourth of the total population. We 
stand aghast before the awful harvest of liquor ; for remember : " Six- 
sevenths of the females, and all, or very nearly all the males, drink 
intoxicating liquors!'' And this is but one phase of this demoralizing 
traffic ! 

In the light of these statistics how base and wicked become the millions 
of dollars annually paid by the panderers into the public treasury ! The 
Government of the United States in partnership with and sharing the 
profits of such a vile business ! The American Republic subsisting on tJie 
prostitution of its women I ! O Shajhe, where is thy blush ? 

Is it strange that money derived from taxing and thereby sanction- 
ing vice, should be considered the legitimate spoil of public officials and 
of the lobby ? That it should be used to further schemes of plunder 
and corruption ? The curse of God is upon it " The wages of sin is 
death." Cease to complain of corruption and fraud, until you cease to 
be actively accessory to it at the Ballot-Box. 

Now let us examine into the validity of the brewers' claim to be 
considered and treated as " the apostles of true temperance," and that 
drunkenness decreases exactly in proportion to the increased consump- 
tion of beer. 

Query : If beer is such an innocent beverage, why are beer-shops 
closed by prohibitory law during times of unusual excitement or danger? 
The authorities dare not, in the interests of public safety, make any 
discrimination, at such moments of public peril, between whisky-shopa 



74 

or beer-shops. Why ? Because Al-ghoul, the spirit of destruction — ■ 
the foe of reason and the friend of everything that is evil in human* 
nature — lurks behind the counters of both 

It is impossible to estimate the number of drunkards and criminals. 

For certain reasons, chief of which is the overwhelming political 
power of the liquor oligarchy, resulting from the disfranchisement of 
temperance through the crafty advice of party henchmen, 

"DO NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS !" 

The number of arrests for drunkenness and its sequents, disorder 
and crime, bears no proportion to the number of drunkards and crimi- 
nals, tens of thousands of whom never figure in police returns. Only 1 * 
the most flagrant cases are taken into custody. If a " dead drunk " 
has a friend to help him along, or if a " disorderly v will " move on " 
at command, the police are satisfied. Liquor, with the help of falsely 
called temperance men, elects and appoints officials to not execute the- 
laws. Every possible agency is employed to cover the tracks of this 
licensed beast of PREY, lest his victims should arise in self-defense 
and destroy the destroyer. The suppression of a Commisson of In- 
quiry is but one among a thousand proofs of this. 

The brewers boast of the vast increased consumption of malt liquors, 
not only in this country but throughout Europe. Meanwhile, with 
this increase of " the great temperance drink," intemperance and its 
harvests of evil have also been steadily increasing. In the Report of 
the Prison Association of New York, for 1877, we read, page 6: 
"69.88 per cent, of all the prisoners admitted to five of the peniten- 
tiaries " (Blackwell's Island excepted) " the past year, confessed habits 
of intemperance. Such intimate and dangerous relationship of inebriety 
and crime demands public attention, and the effectual efforts of the peo- 
ple to check the vice which is thus closely associated with crime." 

(The number of criminals sent to the State prisons during the year 
is not given.) " The number of prisoners in the State prisons at the 

end of the year (December 31st, 1877) was about 4,000 The 

census of the State prisons at the close of the year 1876, showed that 
they contained 3,621 inmates, 153 being females." 

Of county jails, the Report says : 

" The statistics of the county jails will not be found in any office in 

the State Though there are upwards of sixty jails constantly 

occupied as county prisons for persons under sentence for petty offenses, 
to terms less than one year, there exists no correct record of all those 
convictions and jail imprisonments, while no office in the State receives 
even a numerical account of the number of commitments and discharges 

at these jails Estimating the entire number of jail commitments 

in the State for the year at 100,000, is not too high. 



(o 

u Total number of prisoners sent to the six penitentiaries of the State 
of New York, for the fiscal year 1877, 11,164 — to the workhouse, 
BlackwelPs Island, 20,258," of whom about 80 per cent, confess in- 
temperance. 

The Keport further says : " The increase of crime is shown by the 
census of the penal institutions to be assuming very serious aspects ; 
and, as this increase cannot be correctly understood without the aid of 
complete and truthful records from the courts and jails, there exists 
such a public necessity for official abstracts of the judicial and police 
records respecting crime, that there should be no further delay on the 
part of the State to provide for and enforce the obtaining and official 
returning of the records of crime and of offenders, by the sheriffs, 
magistrates and courts." 

(N. B. — The intimate connection between intemperance and crime: 
the increase of the one necessitates the increase of the other.) 

The same is true of England and of the Continent. 

Says Cardinal Manning: iC I affirm that drunkenness is on the 

increase, and I affirm it without hesitation There are classes of 

drunkards that never fall into the hands of the police at all. The only 
cases of whom the police take cognizance are those that are dangerously 

drunk, or helplessly drunk There was a miserable woman who 

returned home drunk, and overlaid her unbaptized infant. There was 
a young husband, who, coming home in the morning drunk, seized his 
unhappy w T ife, and threw her out of the window on the stones beneath. 
Neither of these had fallen under the cognizance of the police, and 
these are instances that could be multiplied by hundreds. Therefore I 
contend that the evidence of the police magistrates is no evidence at all, 
compared with that of physicians and clergymen, who meet with such 
cases every day." 

The liquor dealers in England, as in this country, have been trying 
for years to persuade the people that drunkenness is decreasing, and the 
Cardinal gave this testimony before the Inquiry Committee of the House 
of Commons. 

Our physicians, and clergymen 1 , and the press bear similar testimony. 
In The Western Brewer, July 15th, 1878, is a statement that there 
were 432,740 barrels of beer consumed in the city of Chicago, 111., during 
the year, from May 1st, 1877, to May 1st, 1878. 

Defective as are the police returns, they yet enable us to gain an ap- 
proximate idea of the increasing danger of the situation. Thus we learn 
that wmile Chicago consumed nearly half a million barrels of beer, 

8,000 MINORS WERE ARRESTED FOR DRUNKENNESS in that city. Little 

ones, only 8 years old, convicted of violations of the law, sent to the 
Bridewell; 220 were sent there who were under 14 years of age: 1,782 



76 

boys and girls were sent there during the year; one boy of 11 years 
confessed he had been committed seven times before. 

Saloon debauchery of children is a sin crying to heaven for ven- 
geance. And the cry goes up from every city, town and hamlet in the 
land! 

u How loug, O Lord, how long !" 

" But whoso shall offend one of these little ones which believe in me, 
it were better for him that a mill-stone were hanged about his neck, 
and that he were drowned in the depth of the sea." 

u It is not the will of your Father which is in heaven that one of 
these little ones should perish." 

"Shall I not visit for these things? saith the Lord: Shall not my 
soul be avenged on such a nation as this ?" 

Saloons are the lungs of the brewery and distillery, the protected 
and favored institutions of a government that is " of the people, by the 
people, for the people." The people are responsible for the liquor 
traffic, and for all its wrongs and wickedness. 

" Woe to that man by whom the offense cometh." 

" Woe unto him that giveth his neighbor drink." 

Not all the prayers of heaven or earth can avert the woe in store 
for the unrepentant licenser. 

The liquor dealers nor the drunkards are the chief sinners in this 
matter. They are simply the agents and the victims of the licenser. 
He is the principal — they are the executors and the executed of his 
will. 

" As the Lord liveth, the man that hath done this thing shall surely 
die." 

" DO NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS !" 

" Thou art the man." 

" He that is not with me is against me ; and he that gathereth not 
with me scattereth." 

" \ Father in Heaven I Thy kingdom come f 
This is the prayer we Christians pray. 
And yet we vote the demon Ram 
Over Thy Kingdom sovereign sway. 
H ' No Drunkard ever enters here P 

Sounds forth from Heaven its fearful knell ; 
And yet we vote, from year to year, 

To plunge the Drunkard down to Hell ! 
" By votes we run the Devil's Still ! 

By votes we kill God's living grain ! 
By votes the Drunkard's cup we fill, 
And doom him to eternal pain ! 
" Who casts these votes? Thou, voter, thou ! 
Thy ballot damns these drunken souls ! 
Thy brother's blood is on it, now, 

Dropped, red and reeking, at the polls !" 



77 

Every man consenting to stultify his temperance principles at the^ 
ballot-box must stand before Supreme Justice, with whom sophism can- 
not prevail, the active ally of the saloon and all its horrible outcome. 
It does not mitigate the guilt of a sin that a million or ten millions are 
joined in it ; each man assenting thereunto is as guilty as if he alone 
committed the sin. It is an appalling thought for the conscientious 
man. 

Honesty, virtue, benevolence, truth, justice, all sacrificed, lest " our 
party " should be defeated. 

4th plea of the brewery: 
r 

" Beer is a nourishing, cheap, life-giving and life-sustaining drink 
for the poor." 

Baron Liebig informs us that " 730 gallons of the best Bavarian beer 
contains exactly as much nourishment as a 51b. loaf or 3 lbs. of beef." 

Beer retails at 5 cents per glass. Allowing a pint to the glass, a man 
must drink 2 gals. (16 pints) daily, at a cost of 80 cents per diem, 
making $292 per annum, to gain as much nourishment as can be 
obtained from 30 cents' worth of bread or 45 cents' worth of beef. 
Truly, beer is cheap and nourishing to — the brewer. 

Fred. Lauer, in his report to the Congress of 1867, said : " In many 
parts of Germany laborers spend from a third to a sixth of their wages 
for beer, on account of its nourishing qualities." How cruel and mer- 
cenary must be the hearts of men who can thus deceive and rob the 
poor! How weak and wicked, if not ignorant, the government that 
does not protect its people from such rapacity! 

Is it strange that their poor victims should emigrate from Father- 
land (quite evident it is not Mother-land) to better their condition ? 
Alas, for their aspirations! America has joined hands with the spoiler. 
God forgive us all ! 

The death-rate of Bavaria, the cradle of beer, and where it super- 
sedes water, tea and coffee, was, for the past year, 31.7 in every thou- 
sand. The same rate obtained in Wurtemberg. This exceeds the 
mortality of every other country in Europe, except Russia and Hun- 
gary. Bier is the correct orthography. 

Darwin, the celebrated naturalist, bears this testimony to the " life- 
giving and life-sustaining " quality of beer : " It is a remarkable fact 
that all diseases arising from drinking spirituous or fermented liquors, 
are liable to become hereditary even to the third generation ; con- 
« tinuing, if the habit be persisted in, until the family becomes extinct." 

This testimony, from such a close observer as Darwin, outweighs all 
the so-called arguments of beer-lovers. 



78 



OTH PLEA : 



" Beer is food ; appeases the appetite and gives strength and endur* 
ance to the toiling masses. , ' 

Baron Liebig says: "Beer, wine, spirit, etc., furnish no element 
capable of entering into the composition of blood, muscular fibre, or 
any part which is the seat of the vital principle." 

It is one thing to appease — quite another to satisfy : tobacco appeases 
the appetite — the more a man smokes or chews, the less he eats. Is 
tobacco a nutrient? True, beer appears to give flesh, for its drinkers 
are usually corpulent : but as all is not gold that glisters, so, all that 
expands is not flesh. Dropsy, for instance. " Beer bloats and pufis 
out a man because it prevents the elimination of water and the com- 
bustion of fat and waste tissue." 

The torrid heat of the summer of 1878, in St. Louis, Mo., where 
were brewed and largely consumed 487,958 barrels of beer, tested ixs 
strength and endurance to the degree that, in defense of the lives of the 
people, the physicians prohibited its use. 

During an epidemic, the drinkers of alcoholic beverages are the first 
victims. Why? Because alcohol, even in moderate quantities, reduces 
the " vital force," and therewith the power of resistance to attacks of 
any disease. Alcohol is one of the most virulent poisons and devitalizes 
the life-fluid — the blood — however small may be the quantity imbibed. 
The drinker of intoxicants is a powoned man. Its makers and vendors 
as a beverage are " poisoners-genehal." It should be placed under 
the same arrest as other poisons. 

Dr. W. B. Richardson (" Physiological Research on Alcohols ") says : 
"I can no more accept them as foods than I can chloroform, or ether, 
or methylal." 

Dr. Edward Smith, F. R. S. : " Alcohol is not a true food ; and it 
neither warms nor sustains the body by the elements of which it is 
composed. It greatly lessens muscular tone and power." 

Dr. S. Wilks (Guy's Hospital) : "Alcohol, though an excitant, is a 
sedative to the nervous system — is, in fact, an anaesthetic. The argu- 
ment, therefore, that a man feels better after his glass or two of grog, 
would be equally applicable to the case of the Turk, who feels better for 

his opium Indeed, it may generally be assumed that whilst his 

feelings are benumbed, his organization is being injured." 

Dr. Markham (late editor of British Medical Journal) : " We are in 
conscience bound to say that science has found that alcohol is not good. 1 ' 

Dr. John Hope (inventor of the stethoscope) : " I have hitherto taken 
no part in the cause of teetotalism, but if the question should ever be- 
come a strictly medical one, I shall feel it due to my country and to the 



79 

eau^e of humanity to lend the aid of my feeble pen on the affirmative 

side." 

Referring to the action of alcohol on the heart, Dr. Richardson 
{Popular Science Review, April, 1872,) says : " It is hard physical work 
to fight against alcohol — harder than rowing, walking, wrestling, carry- 
ing heavy weights, coal-heaving, or the tread-wheel itself." 

" One ounce (of alcohol- increases the work of the heart an hour per 
day."— Prof. Parke*. 

Dr. W. B. Carpenter: "Alcohol cannot supply anything which is 
essential to the due nutrition of the tissues." 

Dr. Vierordt, of Carlsruhe: " The expiration of carbonic acid, after 
the (moderate • use of fermented liquors, is considerably diminished, and 
urn to its normal quantity for ike tp'ice of tuo hear*." 

Dr. E. Lankesu-r : " Beer contains but one j nutritive 

matter, and is, therefore, not a thing to be taken for nutrition at all/' 

Right Hon. W. E. Gladstone: " There is no doubt, whatever, that 
the tendency to excess in drink is a great curse." 

Mr. J. Livesey : " We shall find that at every step | in brewing • the 
object is not to secure a feeding, but an intoxicating liquor, and to 
obtain this the feeding properties of the barley are sacrificed at every 
stage/' 

Journal of Chemistry : u Carefully viewing the matter from the stand- 
points of the chemist, physician and artisan, we unhesitatingly declare 
that the world, in its present advanced stage, has no m ohol. . . . 

In its purest and best form, alcohol acts inharmoniously with vital 
processes in the animal organism. " (Beer is loved for the alcohol in it. 
Eliminate its alcohol, and it becomes insipid to disgust. — Ed. 

The high authority of Dr. Parkes, of Chatham, England, puts the 
relation of alcohol to strength in this conclusive form: "If we look 
upon the body as an agent of work, from which we desire to obtain aa 
much mechanical and mental as is compatible with health, we can 
consider the effect of alcohol, per se s as simply a means of preventing 
the development of force" 

We have here given a fair resume of the actions and argument- 
the brewers, for the past sixteen years. We have followed them year 
by year, as they spun their web, until to-day we find the Republic and 
its people immeshed. As the years rolled on they have become more 
and more dictatorial — more and more aggressive, until to-day, the 
government, State and National, is administered by the brewery. Is a 
law obnoxious? Presto! amended or repealed at its command. Is an 
official independent, or faithful to his trust — Presto ! decapitated. Is 
party reluctant ? Auto daft! Insolence, bribery, intimidation, are the 
ways and means by which this junto rules and ruins the country. Its 
power lies not in its strength, but in self-assertion. 



80 

The temperance element ranks it in intelligence, wealth, social influ- 
ence, numbers — ten to one. Why, then, with such vantage, has it 
surrendered to the enemy? and to-day, with the exception of " a mere 
handful," it stands before that enemy its sneer and its scoff, a branded 
traitor to its professed principles. The family of Iscariot is an old one, 
and not likely soon to run out. 

With full knowledge of the intrinsic evil of the liquor traffic, and 
that it is the central iniquity of the Republic, that science and religion 
unite to arraign it as the Barabbas of the age, yet we behold good 
men, moved by political chief-priests and elders, enlarge the criminal, 
and, principle subordinated to party, temperance, with all it stands for, 
is crucified between two thieves. History repeats itself. 

The ballot-box is the stronghold of the liquor league ; there it has 
massed its forces, and there it manipulates parties. There can be no 
doubt in the mind of the unprejudiced observer, that if temperance 
men, learning wisdom from their enemies, would take a determined 
stand and emancipate themselves from party control, which is neither 
more nor less than saloon control, they could at once cut out this can- 
cer which has gangrened our entire political system, and now, through 
press and pulpit and rostrum, is injecting its virus throughout our 
social system as well. 

" Do not take Temperance into Politics," is the decoying cry 
of the panther to its unsuspecting prey. Any voter who reads the 
reports of the Brewers' Conventions, and watches their tactics, yet gives 
or takes such advice, must be, either a . . . . Intelligence, or con- 
science, can fill out the indictment. 

For the past seventeen years the Liquor League, with the wisdom of 
the serpent, and a tenacity of purpose that ought to shame Christian 
men, has made "the trade" its sole issue in all elections. Meanwhile 
temperance men have contented themselves singing, u See the mighty 
host advancing, Satan leading on," and party leaders have varied the 
programme with a rag-baby — war claims — anything, everything to 
blind the people to the true issue and to their own coparceny in th& 
saloon triumph. Obedience to the party cry inspired by party despair, 

" Do NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS !" 

has degraded temperance men to the condition of mere pawns moved 
around upon the political chess-board at the will of the players for the 
defense of Kiug Alcohol. Year after year, at party dictation, and 
solely for the sake of party salvation, temperance men have joined 
hands at the ballot-box with the Liquor League — have elected their 
pledged men, and then have meekly petitioned these jobbers " to do 
something for temperance." The fate of all their temperance laws and 
bills ought to have taught them that, 



81 

'' The raven doth not hatch a lark." 

The welfare of our country depends upon the kind of men who rule 
it at Washington, at State capitals, in cities, towns and villages. How 
then can a voter of principle be indifferent or careless as to the charac- 
ter and principles of candidates ? 

" The earliest, and last, and most constant duties exacted of an Ameri- 
can are the duties of citizenship. The being and destiny of the State 
hang on the wisdom of the citizen statesman in voting for men, and the 
measures which they represent A week ago was another auc- 
tion-day of American liberty ! On that day, men unable to write their 
names or read their ballots went to the polls ; men, reeking with alco- 
hol and demented with intoxication, staggered to the ballot-box, and 
these men decided such questions as the repudiation of State debts, the 
volume of the currency, the title of the President to his office, the con- 
stitution of a university, and the salaries earned by educated brains in 
the professor's chair or upon the judge's bench." 

Prof. A. Winchell, LL.D., before the Y. M. C. A., of Syracuse, X. Y. 

Who is responsible for such a state of affairs ? Manifestly, those who 
have indorsed Senator Sherman's encyclical, quoted on page 1. Why 
are such anti-American principles promulgated and ratified f To ivoa 
and win the Socialistic and lager bier German vote for " our party " 
And when it is remembered that the party for which Senator Sherman 
is mouth-piece contains not less than eight-tenths of the Protestant 
Christian voters in the country, we are puzzled which to hiss — the 
audacity of the advice or the servility of the advised. 

" When I remember that God is just, and that His justice cannot 
always be stayed, I tremble for this nation." 

To eliminate morality and religion from our political system is to* 
sign the death-warrant of the Republic. 

Let the men who are doing this cease to reprobate Benedict ArnolcL 

" Let us here highly resolve 
That the government of the people, 
By the people, and for the people, 
Shall not perish from the earth. 

" With malice towards none, 
With charity towards all, 
With firmness to the right, as 
God gives us to see the right, 
Let us finish the work we are in." 

To accomplish this you will be obliged to 

Take Temperance into Politics! 

Amen! 



82 



19th annual convention of the u. s. b. association, 

Held in the City of St. Louis, Mo., June 4, 5, 1879. 

The delegates and guests were welcomed by the Mayor of the 
City, Henry Overstolz, Esq., who said: 

"The municipal government and the citizens of St. Louis regard 
it as an honor that you should have selected this city as the place 
of your nineteenth annual gathering.' ' 

It is now in order for the Mayor of St. Louis to welcome a Prohibition Conven- 
tion to that city. Then, honors will be easy. 

Henry H. Reuter, Esq., of Boston, Mass., President of the 
Brewers' Association, in reply to the Mayor, said : 

"Whenever any trade-gathering is thus publicly welcomed, it is 
an honor to be duly appreciated ; when this welcome is extended to 
a convention of brewers, it is an honor which carries with it a 
refutation of the assertions of those who deny to the brewing trade 
the right to claim and the merit to deserve a public recognition like 
the present. But, sir, while we are duly grateful for this honor and 
this recognition, we do not forget that the chief magistrate of this 
great city does honor to himself and the position held, in coming 
forward to bid this welcome to the representatives of a large and 
important industry of this country without heeding the sharp criti- 
cism, and, perhaps, bitter attacks to be expected from those un- 
friendly to our interests. ... I will not enter here upon this 
subject, however, for fear that my remarks may be construed as an 
apology for this occasion, which is surely not intended, and cer- 
tainly not needed, for, aside from all other views, the general devel- 
opment of the brewing trade during the last decade, and its present 
extent, insure for the same an industrial and commercial importance, 
which in itself may be considered sufficient reason for tendering to 
its representatives this official reception." 

In his address to the Convention, President Keuter said : 

"It is a matter of some difficulty to find at each recurrence of 
our annual conventions fresh topics upon which to treat in an open- 
ing address. In fact, a cjegree of sameness is unavoidable as long 
as statistics, internal, (infernal) revenue affairs, and temperance 
agitation claim a full share of our attention." 

(We sympathize with you, brother E. It is also a " repetition of the same old 
story with the temperance hosts") 

President R. continues : " However, it is to be remembered that 
what is said on an occasion like this is not all intended for those 
present alone, nor for this hour only, as a wide-spread and deep 
interest attaches to the brewing business, from a social point of 
view. We, therefore, desire to reach as far as practicable the pub- 
lic ear, and unless we present our side of a controversy which 
agitates the public mind throughout the country with the persistency 
peculiar to our opponents, we are remiss in our duty, and ought 



83 

not to be surprised if clamor for a time carries the day over com- 
mon sense. . . . Figures are proverbially dry, 

(Not the figures of beer, sir President! They are wet with the tears and blood 
of its victims.) 

but where they show a balance on the right side of the account, 

(Not yet balanced, friend Keuter.) 
as our figures in the present instance do, it would be ungrateful to 
be impatient while they are read." 

. The President then states that 9,473,361 barrels of beer were sold during the 
fiscal year last past, showing a gain of 399,055 barrels over the preceding year. 
He thinks "that the total sales for the current year will reach a round ten mil- 
lions barrels, which, no doubt, will be pleasant news to you." 

Thus does the nation slide down into the brewery vat. Mr. Reuter's figures 
show a decrease in the production of beer in 17 States and Territories. He adds: 

" The most singular feature of this table is the falling off in the 
production of the State of Maine from 7,031 barrels to only 7 bar- 
rels, owing to the local enforcement of her prohibitory law.' 

And yet "prohibition don't prohibit !" Alas, for the logic of the brewery ! 

President Reuter, who is a brewer, argues with the admirable 
disinterestedness of the craft, that " the increased consumption of 
fermented malt liquors . . . is a step in the right direction 
towards rational temperance." 

Shade of Aristotle ! The logic of the brewery is one of those things which no 
fellow can understand. According to brother Reuter, the more beer we drink the 
more gober we shall be. If ten million barrels a year is only " a step in the right 
direction towards rational temperance," how many millions of barrels must we 
drink to reach the final goal? We'll burst before we get there. " Rational tem- 
perance " is a costly article. 

Mr. Reuter recurs to the report of the State Board of Health of Massachusetts, 
quoted in the convention of 1872, favoring beer as a beverage. He says : 

"For the former public utterance of this opinion, the Chairman 
of the Board (Dr. Bowditch, of Boston) for years past has been 
most bitterly assailed by prohibitionists ; but undaunted by these 
intemperate and abusive attacks, the State Board of Health confirm 
the statement of their honest conviction by repeating the same and 
embodying it in an important public document.' ' 

For the former opinions of Dr. Bowditch, see pages 43-44. Brother Reuter 
forgets to mention the fact that Dr. Bowditch has publicly acknowledged his error in 
recommending beer as a wholesome beverage, and has tried to make some reparation 
for his former unfortunate mistake. Brother R. then enters upon the beery report of 
the Committee on License of the Board of Aldermen of the City of Boston, Mass. 
The opinion and principles of the aldermen of this generation are not of such 
worth as to be generally respected or copied by respectable men. Boston's bibu- 
lous committee declare that its members " have not been too liberal in their recom- 
mendations of the issue of licenses, and that their experience (!) has convinced them 
that the lunch rooms, established chiefly for the sale of lager beer and edible 
refreshments, ought to be regarded as victualing saloons, even if facilities are not 



84 

maintained for regular meals, and no cooking is done on the premises." They also 
deprecate the restrictions placed upon the sale of lager beer, and submit for the 
consideration of the City Council the following : 

"Ordered, That his Honor, the Mayor, be requested to petition 
the next Legislature for such amendment of Chapter 99 of the 
Statutes of 1875, as will allow the sale of cider and lager beer with- 
out any license being required therefor/ ' 

Having extracted from the honorable (!) board of aldermen all needed com- 
fort and aid, the President calls to the support of his craft the Tenth Annual Ee- 
port of the Massachusetts Bureau of Statistics of Labor, issued as a public docu- 
ment in January last, and paid for from the public purse. Thus does the brewery 
make the people foot the bill for all public documents issued in its interest by saloon 
nominated and elected officials. Who is to be blamed? 

These statistics, so called, are cooked to suit the groggery, and are as reliable as 
the Father of Lies can make them. The design is to prove the failure of pro- 
hibitory liquor laws, and the wonderful success of liquor license laws. Prohibition- 
ists long ago learned the amazing facility of liquor in compelling figures to lie. 
Thus, the Massachusetts Bureau of Labor Statistics try to convince the people that 
in the year 1874, taken as the period of the operation of the prohibitory law, the 
arrests and convictions for drunkenness were twenty-five per cent, more than under 
the license law of 1877. The same false tone governs all these statistics. 

Judge Robert C. Pitman, LL. D., Associate Justice of the Superior Court of 
Massachusetts, explains, in his valuable book, "Alcohol and the State" pages 171 to, 
182, the formula of concocting these flexible statistics. 

Our modern City Hall can give Shakspeare a point or two as to " What's in a 
name ?" Under a license law to make out a case for it, drunks are called " lodgers" 
and "entertained" at the stations until sober enough to tramp. If they happen to 
have a local habitation, they are courteously " assisted" home. Whereas under a 
prohibitory law to make it appear " a failure" and obnoxious, no mercy is shown 
to the victims of the saloon ; " lodgers" are transformed into " drunks," convicted 
and punished according to law. 

President Beuter, after proving to the satisfaction of the convention that 
" prohibition don't prohibit," quite oblivious of his previous remarks about Maine, 
goes on to say: 

"A law to be effective must have the support of the people ; the 
prohibitory law will never be thus supported, as common sense will 
teach that it is neither just nor judicious to make somebody else than 
the drunkard himself responsible for his failing ; and is not just this 
the questionable theory upon which prohibition is based V 9 

An ounce of experience is worth a ton of theory, Brother Eeuter. We have 
many laws not willingly supported by the people until experience had demonstra- 
ted their value. For instance : The law establishing our public school system; 
the emancipation of the slaves; the famous Maine law, and many others too 
numerous to mention here. Law is an educator, and in an advancing civilization, 
must always lead the way. It does for the people what the baby-jumper does for the 
infant : holds them from falling, mutilating or crippling themselves until they are 
able to safely stand and Walk alone, being then a law unto themselves, freed from 
the restraints absolutely necessary for the protection of society while it is develop- 
ing from the savage to the morally enlightened state. 



85 

As to Mr. Reuters assertion " that it is neither just nor judicious to make some- 
body else than the drunkard himself responsible for his failing," we reply that it is 
both "just and judicious" to pray, and to try to realize our prayer, "lead us not 
into temptation." Moreover, we have in this country certain forms of indictment, 
such as "an accessory before" or "after the fact," under which criminals are 
convicted ; and in the future, if not the present, the morally enlightened man will 
fully understand that justice requires that the manufacturer of drunkards equally 
with any otter manufacturer, shall be responsible for the goods thrown upon the 
market. Prohibition is not based upon any "questionable theory" but upon the 
fundamental laws of social science. 

President R. continues : " The prohibitionists condemn the use of 
alcoholic beverages of every kind as the prolific source of sin and 
vice." (Are they not, friend R. ?) 

Does not the comparative annual increase of the manufacture and consumption 
of alcoholics with the annual increase of our army of criminals and other incubi 
prove beyond dispute that the relation between them is that of cause and effect ? 
" Nothing less than total abstinence finds favor with them. To 
them the terms use and abuse have no distinctive meaning, and their 
.curse falls upon brewery and distillery alike." 

Thank God, the prohibitionists are thus logical! To condemn a thing as "the 
prolific source of sin and vice," and then to tolerate anything less than total absti- 
nence from it would be to stultify ourselves. 

"Use and abuse of alcoholics have no distinctive meaning 5, with us because sci- 
ence and experience teach that the one begets the other, as do likewise the brewery 
and the distillery. Both deserve the " curse" they receive. The difference is not 
of kind, but of degree. Both are evil trees that bring forth evil fruit, therefore 
both must be cut down and cast into the fire. 

The distillery pounces upon its victims as does the tiger, while the brewery is 
the hyena of society. 

It is the alcohol in beer that makes it palatable. Nothing more insipid than 
beer without its share of the distillery. The distillery generates crimes of pas- 
sion; the brewery those of deliberate atrocity. In this connection see table on 
"jThe brutalizing effects of beer," compiled by Mr. Albert Griffin, chairman of 
the anti-saloon republican committee, and published in the Voke, June 23, 1887. 
See pages 195 to 197. 

Mr. R. further says : "It mast be admitted that as long as alco- 
holic stimulants are used intemperance will exist, and that the evil 
of drunkenness will only disappear with their total suppression." 

If there be a law of evolution from lower to higher, as is claimed by scientists, 
is not this admission of the president of the beer brewers' congress a confession 
not only of the logical position, but of the progress and patriotism of the pro- 
hibitionist ? 

No one who believes in the rights and correlative duties of man can be other 
than an active and aggressive prohibitionist so long as a brewery, distillery, or 
grog shop desecrates the land. But President Reuter thinks, with all others of his 
••craft, that laws, civil or natural, cannot be tolerated in liquordom. Law, hum in 
or divine, must not cross the threshold of that Babel of anarchy. 

He argues: " There are no means by which a habit, transmitted 



86 

from generation to generation, and forming so important an element 
in the development of the civilization of the human race can be 
uprooted.' ' 

Ministers of grace, defend us from alcoholic civilization ! 
"Alcoholic stimulants onee invented are never again abandoned* 
and seem to be destined to co-exist with man." 

So, no doubt, think all sensualists. So think dirt eaters, snuff dippers, and all 
with abnormal appetites. So, also, think polygamists of their vice ; money grab- 
bers and all criminals ; despots and demagogues of their special propensities. The 
list of human animals is a long one, but, thank God! it donH seem to increase. 

If liquor dealers be true prophets, the old-fashioned hell of the unrevised Bible 
will have to be restored : Sheol cannot possibly fill the bill. 

But think, friends, of the nature of the civilization evolved from the alcoholic 
appetite. Search the unabridged from A to Z, you will find every word that 
means danger, waste, taxation, poverty, suffering ; every word that has an evil 
meaning, from the faintest to the darkest shades of diabolism, is in close com- 
munion with alcoholic stimulants. Not experience only, but science has so un- 
folded their essential wickedness that not to prohibit their manufacture, sale, 
importation, and exportation is a crime against humanity. There is not one valid 
excuse or reason for the longer toleration of the baleful and malignant traffic. 
See pages 43 to 48. 

Mr. Reuter is much exercised over Maine. He quotes from what 
he calls " a recent address of Gov. Garcelon before the Maine Tem- 
perance Convention. 6 The Governor spoke of the use of tobacco 
as an increasing evil, especially among the young (of course, there is 
no affinity between beer and tobacco ! They absolutely abhor each 
other), and said ' that, in addition to chewing and smoking, snuff- 
dipping was becoming prevalent.' "... 

O, ladies of Maine ! Is this true ? Has not Gov. Garcelon slandered you ? 
Think of the disgusting sight ! One fair hand clasping the snuff-bottle, with its 
cotton wood stick protruding from your slobbering mouth, while the other scours 
the discolored teeth. Kissable to husband, brother, or lover, is it not? And the 
breath! Faugh! And, as if this is not a sufficiently heavy indictment, Gov- 
ernor Garcelon, through Mr. Keuter, President of the National Brewers' Assso- 
ciation, says : 

" The ladies carry chloroform and ether to moisten the handker- 
chief, with which to allay nervous excitement, while many a man 
had appeared upon the stand advocating temperance who had in his 
pocket a bottle of laudanum or black drops." 

Coffins ought to command a premium in the Lone Pine Tree State. And all 
this corruption of mind, manners, and morals is the result of Maine's prohibitory 
liquor law depriving her ladies and gentlemen of their grog ! 

Shame on you, citizens of trie prophetic " Dirigo " state ! But, since " prohi- 
bition don't prohibit," the people of Maine must be able to get all the liquor they 
want; and yet, according to truthful Ex-Governor Garcelon and the brewers, 
liquor is not enough to gratify the awful appetite of Maine's citizens ! How hor- 
ribly depraved they must be ! 

Can it be possible that the full supply of liquor, coming from the "failure " of 
the prohibitory law, has thus increased the debauchery of Maine's people? 



87 

Liquor's testimony points in this direction. 

The following is recommended to Liquordom's consideration : 

" There are many Devils that walk this world, 
Devils great and Devils small, 

Devils with tails and Devils without, 

Devils who whisper, Devils who shout, 

Devils who mystify, Devils who teach ; 

But the Calumny Devil — as hard to reach 

As the snail who, now safe on some distant beach, 

Is digesting the core of my favorite peach — 
Is the shabbiest Devil of all." 

Leaving Ex-Governor Garcelon's felicities President Reuter proceeds to explain 
to the brewers the kind of a law they should demand. 

" First of all, the law must recognize and protect the manufacture of 
of spirituous liquors as a legitimate industry, supplying a commodity 
largely wanted by the people. Any undue restriction of their sale 
should be regarded as an unwarrantable interference with personal lib- 
erty and the rights of the people (i. e. liquor makers and drinkers) who 
claim the privilege of following, without molestation, a social habit> 
which has the sanction of universal practice by civilized man." 

That's the jargon of the anarchists in their Sunday beer shop pow-wows. But 
how you do jumble "rights" and "privileges" brother Eeuter! 

"As the use of alcoholic stimulants as a social custom is, however, 
liable to lead to excess, and as habitual excess in their use does 
great mischief to the individual and to society, 

(Here you give away your whole case. These are the reasons which fully justify 
the demand for the prohibition of any articles of food or drink whose use is "liable" 
to beget abuse. The experience of all countries and all time show that the use 
of alcoholics do beget the abuse or excess and all its fearful sequents. It is the 
especial province of government to protect "the individual and society" from 
such dangers. Government is an expensive necessity, and the people who are 
heavily taxed to meet that expense have a right to demand full protection of it.) 
" the sale and consumption should be so controlled and directed as 
to lessen the danger of abuse as much as possible ;" 
(But what, then, will become of the drinker's "personal liberty"?) 

"This is what legislation should try to do, and all that it can 
hope to accomplish. To an unprejudiced mind the substitution of a 
mild beverage for a strong one in public favor must appear as a 
simple and natural way to reach that object." 

(How very disinterested, coming from a brewer ! replace the big devil with a 
little one I Why not exorcise both ?) 

"Would it not be worth while to try to have beer take the place 
cf whiskey?" 

Did you ever see a whiskey shop where beer also is not on tap, or, vice versa? 

But, brother Eeuter, don't you see that you are playing fast and loose with the 
"personal liberty" of the whiskey lover? 

Moreover, you seem to forget that Satan cannot cast out Satan. 
"As a matter of fact and surprise, state legislatures do not seem 
to think so; they class these drinks substantially alike, and, by 



88 

putting the same restrictions on both, they decidedly favor 
whiskey?" 

(The Brewers' Association compelled Congress to discriminate in favor of beer. 
Whiskey is taxed ninety cents per gallon, while beer pays only one dollar per 
barrel, with a reduction of seven and a half per cent, by law from the face valine of the tax 
stamps, so that ninety-two dollars and fifty cents received by the Government represent 
one hundred barrels of beer sold by brewers,) 

" It may appear to some profitless repetition, if year after year, at 
the Brewers' Conventions, the claims of fermented malt liquors to 
public favor and legal discrimination are set forth. The question 
of distinctive legislation regarding fermented and distilled drink is, 
however, of such vital importance to the brewers of this country that 
persistency in pleading for it is not so much a matter of choice as 
of duty. We must not rest until this discrimination is secured. 11 

(The reader is again referred to the statistics collated by Albert Griffin, on the 
^ "Brutalizing Effects of Beer." Pagesl95 to 197. He will then be better able to 
judge of the co gen cy and morality of the argument for discrimination.) 

Mr. Reuter enters into the discussion of the "nutritive value " 
of beer. He declares that beer is as nourishing as "meat broth," 
etc., etc. See pages 77, 78, 79. "Eventually, views like these 
will prevail in this country, and beer will be welcomed instead of 
denounced. It will be found that every brewery and beer saloon 
helps to loosen the grasp which alcohol has on a country where dis- 
tilled liquors are habitually drank, and the people will be weaned 
from strong drink in proportion as the use of beer extends/' 

(How is this for an unselfish plea? If the distillers did not fully understand that 
beer is whiskey's partner, there would soon be a declaration of war. See page 26 
for Mr. Keuter's remarks at the Thirteenth Congress, 1873, on this union of 
alcoholic interests.) 

The President says : 

"It is a pleasing duty for me to acknowledge the equitable and 
friendly spirit in which the Commissioner (of Internal Revenue), 
Gen. Green B. Raum, has received and met the representations 
made on behalf of .your association by your attorney, and the ready 
and efficient support received from members of Congress in the 
furtherance of needed reasonable amendments of the Internal Reve- 
nue Laws relating to malt liquors. I am sure you will hold in 
grateful remembrance those who rallied to your support in the pro- 
tection of your proper rights." 

This "grateful remembrance" is of course beer's ballot, to keep such faithful 
servants in power for future service. Meanwhile, we still hear from the compro- 
mise cohorts to their dupes, the artful advice, 

"Do Not Take Temperance Into Politics J" 

Of the appointment of a committee of Nine to consider and report upon the 
alcoholic traffic, Mr. Reuter says : 

" The former defeats of similar resolutions have been considered 
as averting some threatening danger to the brewing interest. This 



89 

view rests upon the supposition, that the friends of the resolution 
would thereby succeed to bring about the adoption by Congress 
of measures in keeping with their peculiar views on temperance 
legislation. There is no need for brewers to fear the result of an 
investigation ... if made by enlightened and practical men, in the 
interest of political economy or social science. A thorough and 
impartial inquiry into the whoJe subject, (if we only could have 
such an inquiry ! Ed.) cannot fail to bring out the fact, long understood 
in other countries, that the brewing trade should be encouraged by 
the Government." 

(There, friends, you can now see how, under the management of your present. 
[Representatives, at the dictation of the brewers, this long-sought committee will 
be organized.) 

" Only in the event that the proposed investigation is entrusted to 
men who permit it to become subservient to the theories and schemes 
of irrational temperance advocates, can the brewing trade be made 
to appear as inimical to the morals and welfare of society. If the 
appointment of this committee should tend to remove the existing 
anomaly of federal taxation and sanction, and state prohibition of 
the manufacture and sale of the same commodity, it will serve a 
practical and laudable purpose. Let us hope that the framers of 
the resolution 'builded better than they knew, 1 and that the labor of 
the committee will result in some tangible benefit to the country and 
to the brewers — a hope, by no means inconsistent." 

The president concludes with an apology for devoting so large a 
part of his address to "the social aspect of the malt liquor question, 
rather than to industrial and commercial interests of the trade;" 
• . . " our arguments will reach, interest, and, perhaps, convince, 
a number of people outside of these walls, and not connected with 
the business" . . . " Let us hope that the time will soon be here 
when these long arguments will not be needed, when we have over- 
come prejudice and silenced the clamor of fanaticism." 

(" Hope deferred sickens the heart." How sick must be the poor, waiting brew- 
ers in view of the outcome of their " long arguments." The number of cranks 
steadily increases, thank God !) 

" This masterly address" received three hearty cheers and the thanks 
of the convention. It was announced that " discussion on all topics be- 
fore them might be conducted either in German or English. . . . All 
motions in English only." The secretary informed the convention 
that the speech of the president "would undoubtedly largely influ- 
ence the public mind. The speech could be had printed in English or 
German. The local press would also publish it, and the St. Louis 
association had provided for its transmission throughout the country 
by establishing a branch of the post-office in an adjoining room, 
where all matter could be mailed free of charge." 

The Prohibition Cranks now await a branch of the post office and free mail 
privileges at one of their annual conventions. Also, the printing of their Presi- 
dent's full address by the press. Fair play, gentlemen ! 



90 

The Merchants 1 Exchange of St. Louis, the St. Louis Bridge Company, the 
St. Louis Agricultural and Mechanical Association, the St. Louis Mercantile 
Library Association, and the Mississippi Glass Company, each sent an official 
invitation to the convention to visit their various headquarters. Behold how 
honors are showered upon beer! 

The convention was informed that the association had, through 
its proper committee, succeeded in having a specific duty of twenty- 
five cents per bushel upon imported malt instead of the existing ad 
valorem. The Committee of Ways and Means and the Hon. Milton 
Sayler, of Ohio, were their helpers in this matter. Also, the 
intended increase of the present tax ($1 per barrel) on malt liquors 
was defeated, chiefly by the representation that-" additional duties 
on malt liquors tvould work injury to the cause of temperance" 

(Aha! aha!) 

The executive committee u congratulated the association upon 
the position it has attained as mediator and adviser in legislative, 
judicial, and departmental matters, and in opposing influences in- 
imical to your present and future welfare" 

Mr. Fred. Lauer, Chairman of "Agitation Committee/' which consists of forty- 
five members, scattered throughout the Union, from New Hampshire to California,, 
Maine, Vermont, and Ehode Island excepted, reports : 

"Your committee have kept in view the duties defined by the 
constitution of your association, viz. : To watch over the interests, 
of the entire brewing trade, and to keep themselves informed of all 
inimical influences, and especially, as far as possible, as regards the 
enactment of oppressive, arbitrary, and unjust laws affecting the 
manufacture and sale of malt liquors; the hostile machinations of 
political parties, and the ill-advised attempts of individuals or organ- 
izations, ostensibly in the interests of temperance, to prejudice the 
public against our business, and against the use of our products." 

" They suggest . . that until the proper distinction between fer- 
mented and distilled liquors is urgently forced upon the attention of 
State Legislatures, no legislation favorable to our business may be ex- 
pected. . They should be asked to consider the difference between 
alcohol produced by fermentation and that by distillation ; the dif- 
ference in its effects upon the human constitution, and the general 
effect following the popular use of distilled and fermented drinks." 

The editor again calls attention to Mr. Albert Griffin's beer statistics, important 
in view of the brewers' persistent false statements, in order that the real nature 
and effect of beer shall be publicly known. 

The increase in the export of bottled beer is 1,076 dozens in 
1870, to 76,475 dozens in 1878 . . . . "it is within the duty of 
your committee to see that no obnoxious laws are allowed to inter- 
fere .... and your committee suggest that the Government be? 
requested to admit foreign hops duty free." 

The reader is invited to notice the dictatorial tone of these brewers. " No ob~ 
noxious laws are allowed to interfere" "The Government be requested" etc., etc. There 






91 

is no trade in the country, however beneficial to the people, so fostered and pro- 
tected as is the malign liquor trade. 

After reading the agitation committee's report, Mr. Lauer ad- 
dressed the convention. He declared that " beer has caused us to 
develop into a nation of progressive ideas and of true moral worth." 

(Anarchy, for instance. The awful increase of crime is of course, not commented 
upon by the astute brewer.) 

Agitator Lauer continues: u I would also refer you to the able 
message of Governor Garcelon, of Maine, in relation to Neal Dow s 
hypocritical, -fanatical prohibitory law, urging its absolute repeal. 
Our worthy President Reuter, .... gave you in vivid language 
the awful and damaging effects of the Neal Dow law upon the morals 
of the humbugged, misguided people of Maine. Two years ago I took 
a trip through the southern states to Florida. ... I noticed con- 
siderable drunkenness among the freedmen. There were frequent 
rows and disturbances, requiring the interposition of the strong arm 
of the law. Four months ago I again visited the south. . . . 
Everywhere I found perfect order, peace, and harmony prevailing 
between the two races — whites and blacks. . . . The contrast 
between the condition of the country, as compared with that of two 
years ago, was remarkable, and this great change was brought about 
by the general use of beer in place of whiskey." 

Republicans, please remember this, " perfect order, peace and harmony," when 
next you feel bloody-shirt wise. 

But isn't it strange that prohibition should have gained such* headway in the 
South, notwithstanding the benign influence of beer, that her people are ahead in 
some respects, of the north in their fight against the great destroyer of all that 
makes life worth living ? 

"As Louisiana and Mississippi are now disturbed by frequent 
outbreaks among the people of those sections, particularly the col- 
ored race, I would advise the brewers of the West to send their 
surplus beer to the troubled districts, which, I am confident, will 
result in a cessation of the negro exodus." 

(Was it that surplus beer which inspired the recent assassination of Editor Gam- 
brell, because, in the exercise of his right and duty, he exposed individuals and 
actions inimical to the people? N. B. — The negro was en route to Kansas, a pro- 
hibition State. Was it to escape the temptation of liquor that started him thither ?) 

" With the more general use of malt liquors the hundreds of quack 
medicines now in the market will disappear, . . To be successful as 
a government we should invite immigration, . . and then, by pro- 
moting health and temperate habits by the adoption of beer as the 
national beverage, we will increase as a nation and be in truth and 
fact the greatest country on the face of the earths' 

(The Agitator forgot to expatiate upon our immigrant anarchists and their con-, 
nection with beer saloons.) 

" Three hearty cheers were given to Mr. Lauer for Ins excellent 
remarks in favor of the cause of true temperance." 



92 

Mr. Louis Schade, of Washington, D. C, attorney for the Association, then 
reported his work. He said : 

u Iara glad to announce that by the passage of the Internal Reve- 
nue Bill during the last session of the Forty-fifth Congress, several an- 
noying and unjust sections of the Internal Revenue Laws have either 
been struck from the statutes altogether or at least so changed that 
they give no longer cause for complaint. . . Most all of these alter- 
ations have been procured through the eiforts of your association." 

" Twelve amendments, so called, favoring the beer trade, were embraced in the 
New Internal Revenue Law, passed by the Forty-fifth (Republican) Congress, and 
signed by Mr. Hayes, Temperance Republican, so called, President. 

Please notice the tone of authority in the following : 

Boston, Mass., April 23, 1878. 
lt Louis Schade, Esq., Washington, D. C. 

" Dear Sir : — I would request you to call upon the commissioner 

of Internal Revenue, and inform the department that at a meeting of 

the executive of the United States brewers' association, it was decided, 

without a dissenting voice, that the brewers recognize the United 

States standard gallon of 231 cubic inches as the unit of measure.' ' 

Henry H. Keuter, 
Prest U. S. Brewers Association." 

The internal revenue commissioner, General Green B. Kaum, hastened without 
delay to amend the law as decided by the brewers. 

In January, 1878, Judge Treat, of the United States Circuit 
Court at Springfield, Illinois, decided that a brewer who sells eighths 
of barrels, though they constitute " original stamped packages," 
must take out a retail dealer's license, because such an eighth con- 
tained less than five gallons." The Commissioner had the new law 
amended on that point, so that now brewers selling eighths of bar- 
rels are declared not retail dealers. Also, in the new law brewers 
buying from other brewers are not to be considered wholesale dealers, 
and have not to take out a wholesale dealer's license, nor pay a fine 
for the neglect. 

(Here is another amendment enabling the brewers to legally defraud the Gov- 
ernment.) 

Brewers' agents, saloon keepers, who sell by the keg, have no 
license tax at all, as they are covered under the license of the 
brewer. If the saloon or restaurant keeper also retailed spirituous 
liquors, he was required to take out a $ 100 wholesale liquor dealer's 
license, because the law defined a wholesale dealer in malt liquors 
to be a person who sells beer in no less quantities at a time than 
five gallons, and who does not deal in spirituous liquors. Mr. Schade 
tells the brewers that the Commissioner has been induced to help 
the brewers' agents, i. e., saloon keepers, out of this box by adding 
the word " wholesale" after " spirituous," so that the agent who 
is also a retail dealer in spirits has now to pay only $50 instead of 
$100 as heretofore. 



93 

" Thanks to the good offices of Messrs. Burchard (Illinois) and Tucker (Vir- 
ginia) of the Ways and Means Committee of the House and Senator Bayard of 
the Senate, the brewers are no longer compelled to pay for stamp destroyers." 
Another amendment was favorably reported by the Ways and Means Committee > 
whereby retail dealers in beer, liquors, and cigars at fairs, races, shooting festi- 
vals, singing festivals, and similar gatherings should be allowed to take out 
license by the day by paying a day s proportion of the amount of the annual ticens 

M. Schade says: "For years numerous petitions have been sent to 
the capital at the opening of every new Congress, asking the enact- 
ment of a prohibitory law for the District of Columbia. Fortunately, 
they have thus far failed, and there are very slight prospects of success 
for them during the present Congress. An illiberal license bill, in- 
creasing the annual license of restaurants 150 per cent., and contain- 
ing some sections of a prohibitory character, as also a bill to introduce 
the so-called bell-punch in our District, were offered during the last 
session of the Forty-fifth Congress with some prospects of success. 
I am glad to state that through personal efforts and the instrumen- 
tality of the Washington Sentinel the passage was defeated. From 
the fact that any step in that direction by our National Congress 
will be likely to influence various State Legislatures, I look upon 
the District of Columbia, as do our opponents, as the principal 
battle-ground for the settlement of the so-called temperance question." 

N. B. y members of the W. C. T. U. of the District of Columbia, and be true to your 
responsibility. 

Mr. Schade calls the attention of the brewers to the difference in 
the resolution of Mr. Frye, of Maine, providing for an investigation 
of the liquor traffic, " and the one heretofore reported and passed at 
different times by the Senate, inasmuch as the Commission is to be 
composed of nine members of the House, to be appointed by the 
Speaker, whilst the Senate bill proposed the appointment of five 
citizens by the President." 

Note well this proceeding. The Speaker of the House is always a practical 
friend of liquordom. No man objectionable to liquor dealers would be " available'' 
for that office. If nominated, he could not be elected. The Speaker is expected 
to watch over and protect " the trade" in the make-up of the committees, and in 
all other ways where the power and influence of the presiding officer tells. Tem- 
perance or prohibition would receive little recognition in the formation of the 
commission by an official of such affiliations. 

Mr. Frye understands the situation perfectly well, therefore his pretended 
investigation is a farce, if nothing worse. 

It is but another exhibition of the duplicity so long practiced by the leaders 
and managers of the Kepublican party towards its temperance constituency and 
petitioners. " It's a long lane that has no end." 

Mr. Schade concludes his report by statin? to the convention that, "I have at all 
times found the commissioner of Internal Revenue (Infernal Revenue is a much 
more appropriate term), General Green B. Raum and his officers, ready to assist me 
in a fair and liberal manner, in the settlement of those cases." (brewers' affairs.) 

Gen. Green B. Raum was then introduced to the Convention. " He was received 
with tremendous and prolonged cheers." 



94 

The General gave a mutual admiration speech. He said : 
a More than $10,000,000 are realized to the public treasury from 
the manufacture and sale of the products of the breweries." 

He didn't say what is realized in the hearts and homes of the Eepublic; in its 
prisons, hospitals, pauper houses, courts, asylums, and on its scaffolds by the pro- 
ducts of its breweries. Oh, no ; such a statement would show the $10,000,000 to 
be but small payment for the ocean of misery brewed by beer. 

He cautioned them to be honest in the use of stamps. They can't help being 
honest in the stamp they put upon the face of their victims. Nature attends to 
that so effectually that a drinker of alcoholics is generally stamped for life. 

He congratulated them that " American malt liquors (to the 
eternal shame of American legislators) are now successfully ex- 
ported to England, Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, and to the 
islands of the sea." 

Send forth the spirit of damnation unto the uttermost parts of the earth; then 
-missions and millions of dollars to gospelize the victims of our exported devil! 
" Why should not conscience have vacation 
As well as other courts o' the nation?" 

" During the delivery of his address the commissioner was fre- 
quently interrupted by outbursts of applause, and on its completion 
he retired amidst the greatest enthusiasm." The chair then re- 
marked: " Gentlemen, I believe I express the unanimous sentiment 
of this convention when I say that we all feel thankful for the 
expressions of good feeling towards our profession which have fallen 
from the lips of Gen. Green B. Raum." 

Rising in the world ! Brewing used to be a " trade ;" it's a profession now. 
How we hops do swim ! 

A magnificent silver epergne was presented by the association to 
its president, Henry H. Reuter, Esq., of Boston, Mass. Upon it 
were artistically engraved the mottoes : 

"To do nothing by halves characterizes noble souls." 

(A good hit at compromisers !) 

And "A complete mind is a noble possession." 

What a lesson in these mottoes to the timid, if not cowardly, Nicodemus — of 
the temperance reform ! 

Resolutions. 

" Whereas, The advocates of prohibition continue to wage an indiscriminate 
war against the manufacture, sale, and consumption of all alcoholic beverages, 
distilled and fermented; and 

u Whereas, Any law imposing the same restriction or prohibition on both 
classes of drinks will be found to operate against fermented malt beverages ; and 

Whereas, a It is a fact established by general experience, that by the popular use 
of fermented malt beverages in place of distilled liquors the cause of temperance 
is advanced." (How disinterested !) Therefore be it 

Resolved, " That the members of this Association make every effort, individually 
and jointly, to disprove and repel the unfounded and malignant accusations of the 
so-called temperance reformers, and to disabuse the public mind of all misconcep- 
tion regarding the popular use of fermented malt beverages." And be it further 

Resolved, " That the members of this Association use every means in their 
power, especially by the support of proper candidates for Representatives only, (?) to secure 
a just discrimination between distilled and fermented liguors in the legislative enactments 
, of their respective States. " 



95 

The other resolutions laud the work of the Association, and declare: 
u Whereas^ The near future may bring issues gravely affecting the welfare of the 
brewing business of this country, requiring united action and strenuous exertion, 
therefore it is the duty of every one, directly or indirectly connected with the 
brewing trade, to join the association, and to labor for the advancement of its 
aims and objects." 

Here is born the non-partisan infant. Note his lusty growth as the years go on. 
" Col. Joseph Eiboeck, of Des Moines, Iowa, took the floor to 
move the adoption of several amendments (not specified in the re- 
port) to the resolutions, and particularly that the convention should 
pledge brewers to support only such political candidate for office in 
the United States Congress of certain political creed.*' The Col- 
onel's remarks were frequently interrupted by cries of " no politics" 
Mr. Peter Schemm, of Philadelphia, thought that by the adoption 
of such amendments, politics would be dragged into the proceedings 
of the association, and that this danger should be avoided at the 
present, and in future as in the past. 

" The motion to accept the amendment was declined by an over- 
whelming majority." 

Please turn back, reader, to the first page of this book ; read Fred. Lauer's 
speech; the second and third clauses to the introduction to the constitution of the 
brewers' association; the speech of Mr. Clausen, president of the ninth annual 
brewers' congress; read the resolutions passed at each of their congresses down 
to the present one, and then decide as to the meaning of "no politics." To the 
editor it evidently means " non-partisanship," or, in other words : patronize both 
political parties; u two are better than one-" plant your power in both, and picket 
both in the interests of beer; pool your votes every time for your trade; parties 
are always policed by politicians ; give them to understand that the way to power 
lies through the brewery; place your friends on guard on the national and state 
•committees and platforms of both, and see that they are positively, by planks, or, 
negatively, by silence or platitudes, pledged to "the trade;" be plain and peremp- 
tory in your demands ; waste not precious time on petitions, the pantomine of the 
weak and cowardly ; be strong ; acquit yourselves like men ; thus shall we obtain 
control of both parties and their press ; thus shall we " command thousands of votes 
politically, through which our legislators will discern our power." See page 11. 

" Thus shall we not only pulverize the pestilent prohibitionists, but raise our- 
selves to be a large and wide-spread political power, and with confidence antici- 
pate complete success in all our undertakings." See President Clausen's Address, 
page 7. This has been the brewers' plan of campaign since 1862; meanwhile the 
managers of the republican and democratic parties sing the same old song to 
the temperance dupes— "Do not take Temperance into Politics." 

Tune : " Come, landlords, fill." 

The treasurer reported the finances in a very flourishing condition. 
Total assets of the association, from initiation fees, dues for mem- 
bership, at the rate of 20 cents per 100 bbls beer brewed and sold, 
interest on bonds, $28,313.29. The membership fee was reduced to 
ten cents per 100 bbls brewed and sold ; 557 members. The Hon. 
David Wilbur, Republican member of Congress from Otsego Co., 
N. Y., a dealer in hops, was then arraigned, because " when at 



96 

home he makes a living as hop dealer by furnishing the friends of 
personal liberty with one of the most necessary ingredients of their 
favorite beverage ; but when in Congress as legislator he assists the 
temperance fanatics in getting up committees for the purpose of 
harassing his customers at home." " This honorable legislator and 
hop dealer voted last week for Frye's resolution to appoint a tem- 
perance committee of Nine." 

Mr. Wilbur was censured by the convention, and in the future may expect to 
be elected to stay at home and attend to his hops. 

Attorney Louis Schade explained : " The meaning of the com- 
mittee of Nine, for whose appointment Mr. Wilbur voted, is that the 
temperance agitation may be carried into Congress. A former 
petition of the temperance people was referred to the Committee of 
Ways and Means, and as this committee has not done anything, 
the temperance people have urged the appointment of a special com- 
mittee of Nine to take up the petition and report in regard to the 
manufacture and sale of alcoholic and malt liquors. The principal 
consequence is, that the temperance question will be discussed in 
our National Congress. What action will be taken is of course 
uncertain. I dont think that they will do much; but the temper- 
ance people will have the satisfaction that their partisans can deliver 
their speeches in Congress. For this reason, I have done every- 
thing to prevent the passage of the bill providing for the appoint- 
ment of the committee of Nine." 

N. B. — The Ways and Means Committee is emphatically the liquor committee. The 
Chairman is always selected by the Liquor League, and its entire membership is dictated 
by that oligarchy. 

But what becomes of the " personal liberty " of the temperance people under 
the ruling of the brewers and their attorney ? Must the boycott against them 
be perpetual ? 

After election of officers for the ensuing beer year, the convention 
adjourned to meet in Buffalo, N. Y., on the first Wednesday in June, 
1880. 

Meanwhile, practical, prohibitionists intend to continue the fight 

FOR A SOBER KePUBLIC ON THE FIELD SELECTED BY ITS FOES FOR ITS DE- 
STRUCTION, 

THE POLITICAL FIELD. 



^7 

20th ANNUAL CONVENTION OF THE BREWERS' NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, 

Held in Buffalo, N. Y., June 2 and 3, 1S80. 

Convention called to order by Mr. Albert Ziegele, President of the Buffalo 

Brewers' and Maltsters' Local Association. Neither Mayor nor other city official 

being present to honor and welcome the association, Henry H Eeuter, of Boston, 

its President, was introduced, and proceeded to speechify : 

" The beverage which is destined to conquer the world (Brother 
R. should remember the fate of the maid who counted her chickens 
before they were hatched) has sturdily pushed its pioneers into the 
far, far west, and from the Atlantic to the Pacific there stretches an 
unbroken line of States and Territories, wherein the mash-tub and 
the kettle of the honest and thrifty brewer gladden the hearts of 
his fellow men. . . . Think of it, what the brewing industry 
is yet to be in this country of unlimited resources and opportunities ; 
think of it, that the brewing trade, important as it is, is as yet only 
foreshadowing its future vast extent, and remember, friends and 
colleagues, that to you, as its present representatives, is committed 
the trust, for the time being, to watch over its welfare." . . . 
(" Let not him that girdeth on his harness boast himself as he that putteth it off.") 

" The number of barrels sold by the brewers of this country in the 
year last past is far larger than that of any previous year, . . being 
11,103,084, on which the tax of $1.00 per barrel, less 7J per cent., 
amounted to §10,270,352.83. For the first four months of the pres- 
ent fiscal year" . . " the Commissioner's Report notes an increase 
in receipts from malt liquors, as compared with the same period of 
the previous year, of §525,136.74, equivalent to 567,715 barrels." 

" This is a remarkable showing, without a parallel in the history 
of the development of the brewing trade in this country." . 

" The State of Maine, with only seven barrels last year, . . . 
has now disappeared altogether from the list of beer-producing States. 
If, how r ever, this should be taken as an indication of the progress 
of temperance and morality in that State, the conclusion would be 
grievously erroneous." 

President R. then goes on to state that in Maine, in consequence of prohibition, 
crime, insanity, and pauperism had doubled, and, in some districts, quadrupled,, 
from 1860 to 1877 ! For instance : 

" In 1860, less than 500 indictments were found; in 1877 they 
had risen to the astonishing number of 3,261 — every fortieth voter 
was a criminal." 

Brother Eeuter forgets to state that the majority of these indictments were for 
violating the prohibitory liquor law. So it seems that in the matter of indict- 
ments, if not in convictions, prohibition was wA a failure. With u every fortieth 
voter" a liquor criminal it cannot be expected that " temperance and morality" 
can possibly evince much progress. The question is, ought not the ranks of the 
voters to be purged of criminals ? Are not criminals thereby disfranchised ? 

" In Bangor, in 1860, there were 824 paupers, . . while in 1877 
the number was 1,685. . . One in eleven of the entire population 
was a pauper. . . In Biddeford, 80 persons have paid the Internal 
7 



98 

Revenue license fee of $25. The editor of the Union and Journal 
says : ' There are more than one hundred rum shops up and down 
our streets.' In Bangor the sale is virtually unrestricted." 

No wonder there is so much pauperism. Inasmuch as the Republican Party 
has fo^ many years held full power in Maine, are not these statements of its press 
and of liquordom generally, very damaging to that party? Do they not pi^ove 
that, in view of the defiant attitude of liquor dealers aud their political power, 
added to the great temptation in the exceptionably large profits from the sale of 
liquor, a prohibitory liquor law cannot be enforced unless backed by a party 
in full and strong sympathy with it? — a party, state and national, controlling 
all offices, from president to constable? 

Referring to the seizures in Cumberland county, Mr. Reuter 
states that, " for the five years 1875 to 1879, there were 3,735. Of 
distilled liquors there were seized 13,964 gallons ; of malt liquors, 
68,116 gallons." 

This is a bad showing for the boasted honesty of malt liquor dealers over 
whiskey sellers, brother Reuter. 

As a clincher for the argument that prohibition don't prohibit, 
Mr. Reuter says : " It is not surprising that Neal Dow should have 
lost faith in a higher power. At a Portland temperance meeting 
he said : ' This beseeching the throne of grace is all moonshine ; it 
is the veriest of nonsense ; we must fight.' " 
(Good for Neal Dow ! He never made a wiser speech.) 

Brother Reuter continues : < ; This sentiment was received with ap- 
plause, and the clergy who follow his lead, as one of our papers quotes, 

" Thus prove their doctrine orthodox, 
By apostolic blows and knocks." 

"Blows and knocks" are generally the only arguments understandable by the 
criminal and hard-headed. Even St. Paul couldn't be turned from the error of 
his ways until he was knocked down, and blind. President Reuter is very urgent 
that the State laws shall discriminate between beer and whiskey. He tells the 
assembled brewers to be " unremitting in endeavors to effect this" 

He further says : "Although distilled and fermented liquors do so largely con- 
tribute towards the national income " (and towards the State's expenses), the tendency 
to subject their manufacturers and purveyors to legal persecution not only con- 
tinues in many states, but is even spreading and strengthening. One feature of 
legal restriction of the sale of intoxicants, first proposed in Massachusetts, in 1847, 
and first enacted in Indiana, in 1853, but since then made more and more strin- 
gent, is the so-called civil damage clause, which holds the seller responsible for 
damages sustained in person or property by any party in consequence of the sale 
of spirituous liquors. This law is now upon the statute book's of eighteen States, 
viz. : Arkansas, Connecticut, Illinois, Iowa, Indiana, Kansas, Maine, Massachu- 
setts, Minnesota, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, 
Rhode Island, Vermont, Wisconsin, and West Virginia. In Nebraska the liquor 
dealer is responsible to cities and towns for pauperism caused by drink. In all 
but three of these States — Maine, New Hampshire, and Vermont — the civil damage 
provisions are attached to license laws, and in ten of the states the responsibility 
is the same, whether sales were legal or illegal. In nearly every state this law has 
been declared constitutional by the highest courts." 



99 

If this law had been properly enforced the liquor traffic could not have offered 
the inducements of such large profits to the mercenary to engage in it. 

"Brewers need not feel despondent; the ease is not at all hope- 
less/' encouragingly adds brother Reuter. "The increasing con- 
sumption of malt liquors, thanks to the good sense of the people and 
despite the short-sighted efforts of unreasonable temperance reform- 
ers, is an encouraging sign." 

He then dilates upon the augmenting numbers of our German immigrants as a 
most potent factor in the prosperity of the beer trade, lie forgets to allude to 
the rapid increase of German anarchists in this country, and that their diabolism 
is incubated in the beer-shops. Referring to the appointment by ( 'ongress of a 
Select Committee of Xine on the "Alcoholic Liquor Traffic/' Mr. Reuter says: 

" The cloven foot is shown in the majority report of the Commit- 
tee of Nine. . . . The tone of this paper indicates clearly enough 
what the Report of the Commission is expected to be, and what, 
under the provision of the bill, that the President appoint a Com- 
mission of Five, ' not all of whom shall be advocates of prohibitory 
liquor laics ' — implying plainly that a majority of the Commissioners 
are expected to be advocates of prohibitory liquor laws — it undoubt- 
edly will be. This majority report of the Committee of Nine even 
forestalls the finding of the proposed commission by saying : ' If 
such a commission should find as a result of their labors, as your 
Committee apprehend they may find, that the sixty millions of 
revenue collected from the liquor traffic and put into the United 
States Treasury actually costs the people in industry, in health, in 
length of life, in taxes, in maintenance of law, in provision for peni- 
tentiaries and poor-houses and hospitals many times that amount, it 
may well be asked whether this is a wise economy, and whether 
there may not be a better way to supply the public purse. 

i; If such Commission should find, as your Committee apprehend 
they may find, that the traffic in intoxicating liquors is destructive 
of morals, makes men bad citizens, unreliable and unproductive 
members of society, and demoralizing in their influence ; makes bad 
husbands, bad fathers, and bad sons; breaks up families, provokes 
quarrels and generates crime — is it not important that these facts 
should be known to the people ?" 

"Here." says Mr. Reuter, '/you have the whole litany of pro- 
hibition cant in a public document of the United Status Congri 
Wisely, the report does not claim that Congress has power to regu- 
late or prohibit the sale of intoxicating liquors, 

(Thought vou claimed that beer is the great "temperance beverage!" Isn't 
it a slip of the tongue now to clase it with " intoxicating liquors?" Better be 
careful, brother Keuter.) 

within the States, except in the District of Columbia and the Terri- 
tories under the jurisdiction of the National Government. If such 
power was conceded it would be the death blow to state liquor laws, 
as taxation means sanction. In regard to the District of Columbia, 
the report again anticipates the Commissioners' work by going into 



100 

an estimate of how much money is spent by the people of the 
District for alcoholic, malt, and other liquors, which sum is found 
to be over one million five hundred thousand dollars. Whether this 
amount includes the money spent at the Capitol restaurants, where 
representatives of a great nation are compelled to drink their beer, 
ale, or porter (he forgets whiskey) on the sly, out of coffee cup& 
and tea pots, or not drink at all, the report does not say." 

Well, brother Eeuter, men, even Congressmen, in their cups, is no new sight. 

President K. reiterates the brewers' old defense of beer, but it is not necessary to 
reproduce here his fallacious arguments. Prohibitionists studied the nature of beer 
before they attacked its use. They indorse the majority report of the Committee 
of Nine. Beer, with all its congeners does more and worse harm to society than 
is there set forth. We willy with the help of the Omnipotent, and by unconditional 
and uncompromising prohibitory liquor laws, strictly enforced by officials elected for 
such work, put away the evil thing and thus cease to tempt and destroy our brethren. 

Wm. W. Lawson, Sheriff, Erie Co., N. Y., invited the members 
of the Association to visit the Erie County Jail; also, Fred Bush, 
keeper of the Erie County Almshouse and Insane Asylum, extended 
an invitation to visit those places. The Association was also in- 
vited to visit the Board of Trade Rooms. 

The authorities of each and all of our institutions of punishment and charity 
should never fail to invite the brewers to visit these places when in their 
vicinity. Sheriff Lawson and Keeper Bush deserve thanks from prohibitionists 
for initiating this custom. The Association is informed : 

" For various reasons the Hon. Commissioner of Internal Reve- 
nue, Gen'l Green B. Raum, after asking the advice of the President 
of your Association, has seen fit to prohibit the publication of the 
returns of Brewers' sales." 

The Chairman of the Agitation Committee, Mr. Fred Lauer, was usually 
felicitous in his arraignment of " the total abstinence fanatics," extolled beer 
and the Germans, etc., etc. ; denounced the majority report of the Congressional 
Committee of Nine to investigate the alcoholic liquor traffic, saying: 

" This measure, concocted entirely in the interest of total absti- 
nence fanatics, should not be allowed to become a law. The friends 
of personal liberty and social independence must arouse themselves 
and deluge Congress with remonstrances against it. 

" The statesmen of the nation should direct their operations against 
the intolerant fanaticism of prohibition — a principle which during 
the last 2,000 years has resulted in murders, riots, martyrdom, 
wars, confusion and anarchy/ ' 

Just so! Murders, riots, martyrdom, wars, confusion and anarchy are always 
breeding in saloons, ready to burst into action whenever, wherever and by whom, 
soever the gospel of prohibition is proclaimed. Prohibition is always and 
everywhere a red rag to the liquor bull. He bellows, paws the earth, and 
sometimes succeeds in killing a few victims before his rage is quieted forever by^ 
the merciful death stroke. 

Mr. Louis Schade, attorney for the Association, and editor of the Sentinel 
Brewed National Organ, Washington, D. C, reports : 



101 

That by appeals from himself and others the Commissioner of 
Internal Revenue, Gen'l Green B. Raum, has issued circulars to 
collectors to the effect that any brewer who, under a §50 license, 
has brewed more than 500 barrels beer during the fiscal year, can] 
by paying §100, have the §50 previously paid refunded. Also' 
that Hon. P. V. Deuster, member of Congress from the Milwaukee 
District, has introduced the Picnic, Fair and Festival Special 
License Bill, prepared by Mr. Schade, in conjunction with the 
Revenue Department, and which, although adopted by the Ways 
and Means Committee, was by mistake omitted in the Internal 
Revenue bill passed last year. There is no doubt of its final 
passage, says Attorney Schade. 

See page 93 in report for 1879, for the nature of this bill. 

After announcing his almost certain defeat of the bill to adopt the 
Patent Stamp Destroyer, Attorney Schade proceeds to report upon 
his success in controlling " Temperance Fanaticism in Congress." 

Mr. S. goes back to 1873, when " Senator Howe introduced a bill, 
prepared by Wm. E. Dodge, of New York, President of the National 
Temperance Society, to appoint a commission of five to invest! crate 
the liquor traffic. I, as editor of the Washington Sentinel, pre- 
pared a counter bill, introduced in the Senate by Senator Logan, 
and in the House by Hon. S. S. Cox. My bill was then offered by 
Senator Bayard as an amendment to Howe's bill, and, after slight 
changes, adopted by the Senate. The bill thus amended gave both 
sides a representation in the commission, and also instructed the 
commission to make inquiries from the standpoint of the tax-payers, 
and not merely from that of the prohibitionists." 

The prohibitionists are not tax-pavers, of course ! Only liquor dealers pay 
taxes! N. B. — The Senate that thus adopted the bill of the brewers' attorney and re- 
jected that of Wm. E. Dodge, was a Eepublican Senate ! 

Prohibitionists have never asked for a partial examination : That would defeat 
their object. They want to get at the truth concerning the liquor traffic. If it can l>e 
demonstrated, even by liquordom, to the satisfaction of impartial and pecuniarily 
disinterested men and women, that beer, or any other alcoholic beverage, is a safe 
and beneficial drink they will withdraw their opposition and cease agitating 
the issue. But, so long as the brewers have, time and again, proved their power in 
Congress, and boasted of it, as their attorney does above, to successfully fight every 
effort made for an official investigation of their traffic; so long as the army of 
criminals, paupers, and other defective classes increase in proportion to the in- 
crease of alcoholic drinks, prohibitionists will, indeed, must, continue to insist that 
the truth shall be made manifest beyond doubt or contradiction, by an authorita- 
tive and thoroughly reliable investigation. Therefore, gentlemen of the mash-tub, 
you may as well surrender first as last, for the prohibitionists are just as persistent 
as you are, and they are a hundredfold more numerous. Majorities rule in this 
country, and ours is rapidly growing. 

Mr. Schade vaunts of his successful opposition to all temperance 
legislation during the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses, and 
until the appointment of the Committee of Nine. We shall see in 
the future the result of his opposition to the present bill. Afl 
things now stand it looks as if this is a government of the brewers. 



102 

by the brewers, for the brewers. Whose is the fault ? However, 
" Do not Take Temperance into Politics!" 
The Finance Committee reported total assets of the Associa- 
tion, $27,484.26. 

Frederick W. Salem, of the City of Hartford, Conn., having written a book 
entitled " Beer : Its History and its Economic Value as a National Beverage," 
asked compensation therefor on the ground that it " will contribute to the educa- 
tion of the popular mind as to this beverage, leading, of course, to a larger con- 
sumption throughout the country ; and also put in a convenient form such statistics 
and formal opinions by well-known authorities as may be used ivith great effect in 
influencing legislation in every State where the Prohibition party is at work." . . . 

"It has already been presented to the members of the Legislatures of New 
Jersey and Connecticut. . . . It is chiefly due to its circulation among the members of 
the Temperance Committee, in the Connecticut Legislature, that a very stringent liquor law, 
that had been favorably considered, was at last continued to the next General Assembly." 

Mr. Salem did not receive compensation for his book. Brewers generally reserve 
their money for political campaigns. With politicians their votes are considered 
ample remuneration for services rendered. * 

After whereas, eleven times repeated, the following is the gist 
of the six resolutions passed. To combat error as to the nature and 
influence of beer. To use every means to remove unjust and unwise 
legal restrictions, and to resist the future enactment of such laws. 
To urge upon state legislatures a legal discrimination between dis- 
tilled and fermented liquors. 

"Resolved, That we recognize as one of the means in our power 
the support of candidates for the various legislative bodies of this 
country who are opposed to the enactment of sumptuary laws, such 
as temperance reformers are striving to place upon the statute 
books." "Do not take Temperance into Politics !" 

To oppose the commission of investigation of the alcoholic liquor 

traffic, and that "we believe we are serving the cause of temperance 

by supplying the people with a mild, safe, and pleasant drink. " 

Mr. Lauer remarked "that States who, (sic) by their action on prohibitory and 
local option laws, had deprived the United States Government of their revenue, 
ought to be treated as rebels, and punished accordingly." (Hilarious applause.) 

The following additional resolution w^as adopted : 
"Resolved, That the chair appoint a committee of three to at- 
tend the meeting of the congressional Committee of Nine, in order 
to note, on the part of brewers, the investigations made into the 
manufacture and sale of liquors in the United States." 

There was a long debate on a bill before Congress for a specific duty on foreign 
malt of thirty-five cents instead of twenty-five cents. Mr. Henry Clausen said : 

" We threatened the maltsters that unless they would recede from 
their demand (for thirty-five cents,) you, the brewers, would go be- 
fore the Congress of the United States and oppose the bill. The 
maltsters compromised. The bill was referred to the committee on 
Ways and Means, and is now in the House ready to be acted on. 
Your representatives have been called upon by the Committee on 
Ways and Means, asking whether the bill is acceptable to the brewers?, 
and the reply was in the affirmative " (/ /) 



103 

The question of the establishment of a brewers' academy was then debated. Tt 
was suggested that, as such an institution would be very expensive to start and 
maintain, "the object can best be attained by the offer on the part of this asssociar 
tion of sufficient encouragement to induce some one of the already established 
scientific schools or universities to create and maintain a professorship of brewing.* 

Mr. Clausen announced that the committee on such schools had 

" visited several institutions, among others the Stevens' institute, 

in Hoboken, N. J., . . . and had called upon Professor Chandler. 

the President of the Board of Health, in the city of New York, 

and professor at Columbia College, New York. He explained the 

course of study in the school of mines, and approved of our idea. 

He considered it a feasible plan/' 

Yes, let us have a school of beer mining, to teach us how to trace, dig, blast, 
and bring to the surface beer's hidden sorrows and iniquities ; to reveal to the 
voters and their Representatives, the law makers of the Republic, the cubic con- 
tents of this law established and law protected golgotha of the United States ! 

A protest, signed by thirty brewing and malting firms, against 
taking any of the association's funds for the proposed academy was 
submitted. 

" 1st. Because one of the main objects of this association is to 
protect its members against oppressive, arbitrary, and unjust legis- 
lation, as well as against the arbitrary and unjust construction or 
enforcement of laws in existence. 

ut 2d. Because an accumulated fund should always be on hand 
for necessary and legitimate expenditures in carrying out the fore- 
going objects in a proper and effectual manner," etc. 

Mr. Philip Schillinger, of Louisville, Ky., said : 

" The reason why I have subscribed my name to the protest is, 
that we have accumulated our fund for the purpose of defending our 
trade. If we take money from our treasury, and appropriate it to this 
purpose, then very soon nothing will be left for our original object. 
In Kentucky we have seen how r necessary we need the money for 
the protection of our trade. There the temperance people attempted 
to crush and ruin us, and we had to collect means to save us/' 

A committee of thirteen (ominous number !) was appointed to consider the project 

Mr, John TValrufT, Kansas, asked the association to help the brewers in their 
fight against the Constitutional Amendment prohibiting the manufacture and sale 
of alcoholics. He said : 

" We have organized a protective union, consisting of local sua 
ciations and a state committee. We have been compelled to do so on 
account of the fanatics. An assessment has been laid upon the brev> 
liquor dealers," (here appears the partnership.) ^tobacco and cigar 
dealers — i u short, upon every body who is interested in the question." 

Many in one! "Mr. James Smith, of Boston, moved that $1,000 be appro- 
priated for Kansas, remarking: In Massachusetts the brewers once lost a bill by 
•ne vote." 

Many members of the association argued against the motion, on the ground I 
"it was a bad precedent, and that everv State should fight its own battles." 



104 

Mr. John Walruff replied : 

" This is not the passage of a bill which could be repealed here- 
after, but an amendment to the Constitution which, when once 
adopted, will not be easily repealed. ... If this is not a case for the 
association, then I should like to know wh^tt the association is for." 

Mr. Philip Schillinger, of Louisville, Ky., said: " The associa- 
tion is a national one. When we come into trouble with Congress, 
at Washington, then we must make an effort. . . . The stamp 
matter and pitch machine question, the creation of the national com- 
mittee on the liquor question, and similar matters, will require 
money in the future. 

We now understand, if not before, why Congress after Congress, since 1873, 
has refused the repeated petitions of millions of temperance people for an official 
investigation of the liquor traffic. 

The money of the National Association, so called, of 5 4,7 brewers, 
has been the modus operandi. Five hundred and forty -seven brewers 
have been able to override the will of millions of the citizens of this 
Republic ! Am I not right in declaring that this government, as at 
present, and for a quarter of a century, administered, is of the 
brewers, by the brewers, for the brewers ? And the majority of 
these 'men are foreigners, while their saloons, where their beer is 
sold for them by so-called agents, under the $50 wholesale malt 
dealers 1 license, are dens for anarchists' meetings and conspiracies. 
Shame y shame, on the weak, if ?cot spurious, patriotism of American 
voters, that for mere partyism tolerates such a business and such 
organized treason! 

If the Grod of justice does not come to the rescue by arousing the peo- 
ple of the nation to their duty, the last days of the Republic are upon us. 

The election for officers for the Association for the ensuing year being in order, 
Mr. Henry H. Reuter, President for five years, declined a renomination, although 
pressed to continue in that office. Mr. Henry Clausen said : 

" The New York delegates have agreed that the only man we 
should appoint as President was H. H. Reuter, from Boston, (great 
applause.) But, on the other hand, we cannot ask too much — we 
cannot ask something which might shorten his life. I shall therefore 
make the motion, and I do it with reluctance, to allow our president 
to withdraw his name, and to nominate a man whom we all honor 
and esteem. His place is only a gun shot from the Capitol of the 
United States. I refer to Robert Portner, of Alexandria, Va." 

Mr. P. was unanimously elected President of the United States Brewers' Associa- 
tion. (What a shameful juxtaposition of titles!) 

Chicago was selected as the place for the Twenty-first Convention of the 
Association, on the second Wesdnesday of May, 1881. 

"A vote of thanks was tendered to the Press of Buffalo, and 
other cities for their extensive and correct reports of the proceed- 
ings of the convention. This resolution was heartily approved 
amid loud applause." 

Convention of 1880 Adjourned. 



105 

21st ANNUAL CONVENTION OF THE U. S. B. ASSOCIATION. 
Held in Chicago, III., May 11 and 12, 1881. 

Mr. Hermann B. Scharmann, of Williamsburg, N. Y., was made 
Chairman pro tern, in the absence of Mr. Robert Portner, elected 
President in 1880. 

Again, no Mayor or other public official to welcome the Conven- 
tion and open proceedings. Alas ! The mighty are falling ! 

In his opening speech, Mr. Scharmann reported the Internal 
Revenue receipts from fermented liquors for the fiscal year ending 
June 30, 1880, from the tax of $1 per barrel, less 1% per cent., 
#12,346,677.26, representing 13,347,110 barrels of beer sold. For 
the year 1881,^13,237,700.63, which, with the 7J per cent, on each 
barrel, represents 14,178,557 barrels of beer sold during the year. 

" Whilst the business is increasing in the aggregate, it is also con- 
centrating, that is, going into fewer hands, on the Darwinian prin- 
ciple, doubtless, of the survival of the fittest." 

No. of breweries in the States and Territories, . . 2,741 

" dealers in malt liquors, . • . . 11,610 

" retail liquor (whiskey, etc.) dealers, . . 163,523 

" wholesale liquor (whiskey, etc.) dealers, . . 4,122 

Total No. of liquor dealers in the Republic, 181,996 
May God forgive the guilty voters who have tolerated this awful and inexpres- 
sibly cruel business ! May God help us to cut down and cast into the fire the tree 
that produces such evil fruits ! These liquor dealers are only those who paid the 
Internal Revenue tax. A very large number escape payment of this tax. Reader 
try to form some idea from what you know of the evil work of even one saloon, 
what must be the Nation's awful harvest from these more than 182,000 schools of 
vice. Are the patriots of the Republic deaf, dumb, blind, and palsied that they 
continue to tolerate such a business? 

President S. attributes the prosperity of the " trade" to the 
Association — suggesting measures of reform (!) to the Government; 
protecting your business against local encroachments ; instructing 
the ignorant as to the true value of your product; and warning 
•those who from envy, hatred, or malice assail your time-honored and 
necessary calling. 

Referring to the investigation of the liquor traffic, Mr. S. says: 
u Brewers have nothing to fear from such an inquisition, and 
I counsel you to assist and not retard its action, should such a com- 
mission come into operation." 

A change of base ! See the resolutions of their Convention in 1880. We can 
be certain that, so far as the brewers can prevent it, no such commission will eTer 
come into operation. 

"One of the first and highest virtues that God exacts from His 
creatures — that commands the greatest respect from our fellow-mnn, 
and without the possession of which any claim to be honorable is 
false, and any profession of Christianity a deceit and mockery — is 

truth." 

(So, so! Referring to liquordom's lies about the effect of prohibition in Iowa, 



106 

the State Attorney said : " Liquor dealers can tell more lies in an hour than tem- 
perance people can refute in a year.") 

After giving a resume of the action of each preceding convention, Pres't S. said : 

ki At the 14th, held in the City of Boston, 1874, Mr. Henry Clau- 
sen, then your President, in his opening address, furnished the key- 
note for the blast blown by Chancellor Howard Crosby in the same 
cultured city, in the month of February, of this present year, in the 
following words : ' ' 

" Above all other men, the followers of Christ, the leaders of philan- 
thropic societies — those good and Christian men, who professedly de- 
vote so much of their time, who sacrifice their worldly goods for the 
regeneration of their fallen brethren — should steadily and fervently 
follow the straight path — the path of truth — in all their efforts to con- 
vert their fallen brethren, and abstain from treacling the crooked path 
that makes man dishonorable, by falsifying the Scripture, by quoting 
dissected biblical sentences put together to suit their purpose, and by 
attempting to deceive their brains into the belief that to drink or even 
taste alcoholic liquors is a sin before God, and debars from the king- 
dom of heaven. . . . Why then lie, ye ministers of the gospel ? 
Satan has spread his snare to kill Christ in His church ! Will you 
help him, wicked servants, that the inheritance may be yours?" 

w% Let any one compare this sentence with the published report of 
Dr. Crosby's lecture, and they will find it a concentration of the 
arguments there contained. Well might Wendell Phillips deplore 
that prohibition had stirred up the, Brewers' Conventions." 

(President Scharmann then proceeds to arraign Kansas and Iowa for their pro- 
hibitory action, and adds :) 

" In Minnesota they are preparing an amendment to the Constitu- 
tion, enforcing prohibition on the same scale ; and in-order to ensure 
its success in the Legislature, they are endeavoring to pass a law 
allowing women to vote on this amendment, and it would not be 
surprising were they to advocate the extension of the franchise to 
all children above the age of ten years, in order to gain their ends." 

The ignorance of children would be far less a danger to the Republic than the 
cents of the mash-tub. But friends, " don't put too fine a point to your wit for 
fear it might get blunted." 

" In Michigan they are making strenuous efforts to carry a similar 
constitutional amendment." " In Wisconsin the most ludicrous is the 
anti-treating law." . . ., "In one State (Oregon) it is proposed to 
allow no person to drink alcoholic beverages unless he first takes out 
a license to do so, costing $10." . . . "Ohio, Indiana, South Caro- 
lina, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Vermont, and even New York, to- 
gether with a large majority of the other States, are giving premoni- 
tions of active warfare on the part of prohibitionists, for the purpose 
of forcing on the people these pernicious, mischievous, and degrading 
enactments. ... Life, liberty, and property are endangered by 
them." 

What should prohibitionists do in view of the life, liberty, and property, not 
merely endangered, but daily destroyed by the liquor traffic ? Put yourself in the 



107 

place of your victims, Mr. Scharmann, if you can, and tell us, candidly and hon- 
estly, what you would do to such a business as is yours, if you were not pecuniarily 
interested in it ? 

Mr. S. continues: "The constitution is treated as a thing of naught ;" 

(Particularly the preamble: " . . , in order to . . establish justice, insure domes- 
tic tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general welfare, etc.") 
u Humanity is forced back into the leading strings of childhood; 
our free institutions are rendered but an empty boast ; and men are 
subjected to a social tyranny never once thought of by ancient 
tyrants or feudal despots, and all for what ? Because a few fools, 
for want of better training, will sometimes get drunk.' ' 

Mr. S. becomes quite hysterical as he reviews the expression of the ever- 
increasing antagonism of the people to the continued manufacture of drunkards, 
criminals, paupers, widows, and orphans for the public to support. He concludes : 

" The practical suggestion I would make is, that your Executive 
be empowered to extend aid and encouragement to its members in 
any State, when such laws have robbed them of their privileges and 
property, to fight them to the very end, by proving their unconstitu- 
tionality, and by holding them up to the execration and ridicule- of 
all reasonable people." 

We can stand the expense of lawing far easier than we can stand the expense 
entailed by your trade, Mr. S. Also, the execration and ridicule threatened can't 
intimidate men who, for righteous laws and principles, have the courage to risk 
their lives, aye ! to lose them, as so many have already done in this struggle to 
put away an evil, so long fostered that now it calls for the blood atonement. 
God help us ! 

The Board of Trade through its secretary, Charles Eandolphe, invited the 
association to visit the Exchange. 

Report of the Executive axd Board of Trustees: u Your 
executive, in presenting the annual report, . . regret that they 
are unable to congratulate you on any remarkable increase in the 
production and sale of malt liquors ; this, they believe, may be partly 
accounted for by the prolonged inclement winter, . . and also by 
the increased activity displayed by our relentless adversaries, the ultra- 
prohibitionist, . . causing measures to be passed in various States 
. . calculated to retard and destroy the brewing business." (A men !) 
In 1880 the increase over the previous year was 2,244,026 barrels. The increase 
©f 1881 was only 831,447 barrels. Proving beyond dispute that " prohibition is 
a failure !" Let us fail again, friends. How very naughty it is for the cranks to 
disobey commands and to take temperance ixto politics! 

The report continues: "With regard to prohibitory constitutional 
amendments, . . . your executive believes that such measures 
demand the serious attention of this convention, for if such amend- 
ments are in accordance with the National Constitution, then no 
State will be free from them. 

(This is very strange, for, if we are to believe the brewers, the people are deter- 
mined to drink beer, and will not be denied the right. Moreover, is not " pro- 
hibition a failure?") 

"They, therefore, recommend that measures be adopted by tl 
convention to test their legality/' 



108 

The Commissioner of Internal Revenue, General Green B. Raum, 
says : " The applications for draw-back in 1880 more than quadrupled 
those made in 1879. I take this occasion to renew my recom- 
mendation that provision be made in internal revenue laws for the 
exportation of this article (American malt liquors) in bond." 

Not satisfied with destroying its own people, the Government, through its 
officials, proposes to scatter its demoralizing alcoholics throughout the world. 

General Green B. Kaum, who thus uses his official position to aid the wicked 
liquor traffic is, I am informed, a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. 
Being a lawyer he must know, through his practice, even if otherwise ignorant, 
of the awful demoralization and suffering caused by liquor. Frederick Lauer 
is a member of the Lutheran Church. In fact, many brewers, liquor dealers, and 
owners of buildings wherein the God-defying business is carried on, are members 
of Christian churches. Where is £he conscience of these men ? 

Where is the conscience of churches and pastors that these men are not taught 
the obligations of professing Christians ? But, above all and beyond all, is the guilt 
of Christian voters who sustain the soul-destroying traffic. What will they plead 
in extenuation of their sin when called to account for the deeds done in the body? 

The committee reports a great increase in the importation of 
opium and its extracts, from $1,734,474 in 1871, to $2,764,342 in 
1880. "The prohibitory States are the largest consumers/' say 
these veracious brewers. 

The involutions of a Chinese puzzle are straight lines compared with brewers 
logic. "Prohibition is a failure," and yet they fight prohibition as an implacable 
and deadly enemy. Beer is tbe antagonist of opium, and yet we find them re- 
porting an increase of opium right along with the increase in beer, which jumps 
from 7,740,260 barrels of 31 gallons each, in 1871, to 13,347,110 barrels of 31 
gallons each, in 1880! 

Who will help us unravel the riddle of the reasoning of the mash tub? 

"It is with extreme regret that your agitation committee notice 
that, since the presentation of its last report, considerable progress 
has been made in many States by the ultra-prohibitionist party. 

"In Congress the Commission of Five to investigate the liquor 
traffic has for a time failed.''' . . . 

" In the State of Indiana both houses of the Legislature have passed 
a prohibitory constitutional amendment ; also an amendment per- 
mitting female suffrage. In Ohio, whilst the ultra-prohibitionists 
have not succeeded in obtaining a prohibitory measure simple and 
entire, they have revived the infamous 'Adair Law,' in the form of 
the 'Allen's Bill,' which, although defeated, they have caused to be 
-adopted the so-called ' Stubbs Sunday Law,' containing strong pro- 
hibitory features." 

Not very grammatical, but we must remember that foreigners are speaking and 
writing. 

" In the State of Pennsylvania the lower House has adopted a pro- 
hibitory constitutional amendment by 109 against 59. In the Illinois 
Legislature a prohibitory constitutional amendment passed by a ma- 
jority of five votes, but ultimately failed for want of a constitutional 
majority. This amendment, if passed, would have destroyed every 
brewery in the State." 



109 

The politicians of the pro-liquor parties can, if they will, explain to the people 
why the amendment failed to pass. 

" The State of Maryland has rejected a Local Option Bill. The 
State of Delaware, through the lower House, recently adopted a 
Local Option Bill by a vote of 11 to 8, but that friend of personal 
liberty, Senator T. F. Bayard, exerted himself strongly against the 
measure, and caused its defeat in the upper House. Michigan has 
passed a measure levying a tax of $300 on all restaurants. In the 
Southern States, particularly West Virginia, Arkansas, Texas, Mis- 
souri, Tennessee, and some others, prohibitory amendments have 
been defeated." 

Thus the wail proceeds. But why have none of these attempts at legislation favor- 
ing sobriety been successful ? Why have they been strangled, one after another ? 

Is it not apparent to the intelligent observer that all these pretences of temperance 
or prohibitory legislation have been made to cajole and juggle the friends of tem- 
perance in order to hold their votes within the old parties, meanwhile retaining 
the liquor vote by providing just a few votes, bat always enough, if only one, to give 
it the ultimate victory. 

It is to be hoped that intelligent and honest men will understand the true 
inwardness of these tactics of the pro-liquor parties, and in the future not be 
hoodwinked by them. 

The agitators pass in review the success or failure, mostly the latter, of the efforts 
of the temperance people in seventeen States to obtain laws against alcoholic bev- 
erages. The exhibit shows that the knights of the vat and still have had to work 
for their success harder than heretofore, having been kept on the keen jump in 
defence of " the trade" against those who have been betrayed, but will nevertheless 
continue with better method* to take temperance into politics. 

u Your committee, whilst repudiating all political or partisan bias, 
feel constrained to call your attention to the fact that in every State 
where stringent prohibitory measures have prevailed, they are 
largely owing to majorities obtained from those professing republi- 
can principles. A careful record of votes given on such measures 
has been kept by your committee. 

[No int.midation meant, legislators! Of course not!) 

" They, therefore, recommend that future efforts and arguments 
(What kind? Please tell us.) be used to convince this party that 
the free use of malt beverages is not in opposition to the cause of 
true temperance." 

(As practiced in the saloon !) 

Mr. Fred. Lauer, chairman of the agitators, then gave his usual 
speech. He extols beer as a drink fit for angels (fallen ones), 
denounces prohibitionists, declares that " sumptuary and prohibitory 
laws have always failed of their purpose, and resulted only in the 
increase of drunkenness and crime. " 

Why not add ? of police courts, jails, prisons, criminals, paupers, and other fruits 
of the liquor traffic, whether legal or illegal. 

Selling liquor and drinking it are two quite different things. There is no pro- 
hibition of drinking. Prohibitory liquor laws, complete or partial, as the case 
may be, are against the sale of alcoholics, not against the consumption of them. 



110 






But if prohibitory liquor laws are "failures," who are their violators? Wi 
sell the prohibited liquor that increases drunkenness and crime ?" 

Brewers and other liquor dealers are self-convicted criminals. Every time they 
declare that " prohibition is a failure" they bear testimony, not against prohibi- 
tion, but against themselves, their agents' saloon keepers, and their trade ; against 
the two dominant political parties whose officials are elected and paid by the people 
to enforce the laws, but who are instigated by party managers, for the sake of 
liquor's vote,' to violate their oath of office by neglect of such enforcement. 
Liquor license laws are the only "sumptuary laws" we have in this country 
Sumptuary means pertaining to, or regulating expense or expenses. Taxing or, 
what is the same thing, licensing the manufacture, importation, exportation, and 
sale of alcoholic beverages regulates their expense, and such laws are sumptuary 
laws. The argument upon which our law-makers base this taxation and regula- 
tion is, that alcoholic beverages " are luxuries," and therefore subject to toll. 

Prohibitory liquor laws are not intended merely to regulate and restrain; they 
forbid the entire traffic in such beverages. Prohibitionists aim to place alcoholics 
where they rightly belong — among poisons. Intoxicate means to poison. Dealers 
In alcoholic beverages are as Wesley truly characterized them : " Poisoners gen- 
eral." The position of the prohibitionist is the only logical and honorable atti- 
tude to maintain toward such a business. To license it, whether high or low, and 
thus receive a bribe for its toleration, is to become partaker in its crimes against 
humanity. Prohibition, with officials to enforce the law or lose their heads, is the only 
logical and just treatment of the trade in intoxicants. 

Mr. Lauer. refers to "our inventions and improvements in steam, 
, . . in every branch of scientific discovery and the mechanic arts. 
But while thus taking the lead in the march of progress, our mis- 
guided moral, reformers are taking retrograde steps by adopting the 
principles of Mahomet." 

Ah, Frederick, if you wish to learn what the total abstinence teaching of Ma- 
homet did for the world, read the History of the Intellectual Development of 
Europe, by John W. Draper. 

Brother Lauer continues : "As the first Mahomet arose in the 
east of Europe, so arose Mahomet No. 2, Neal Dow, the American 
prophet, in the east of the United States/' . . . 

(Yes, and the people of the Kepublic will yet erect a splendid statue to com- 
memorate Neal Dow's noble services to the Nation. God bless him !) 

"Who ever heard of enforced prohibition in any monarchical 
country in Europe, or tyrannical edicts regulating the food and 
drink of its inhabitants?" 

Ah, brother Fred., it is quite evident that you are not at the head of the history 
class. Why, man alive, who has not heard of the "sumptuary laws" of Europe? 
It is from them that you get your idea of the nature of such laws. It looks as if 
you don't know what you are talking about. Imitate Tom Benton's " Solemn Ass," 
Frederick. Another thing you seem not to understand ; that is, a civilization that 
progresses on the material line alone would be a development of blackguards and 
rascals. Morals must advance equally with mentals, so to speak, if we are not to 
retrograde far behind Mahomet. 

Mr. Lauer refers to an editorial of the N. Y. Herald in regard 
to divorces in the New England States, which says : " From a 
number of unpleasant facts collected by Rev. Samuel W. Dyke, of 



Ill 

Vermont, and embodied in a 'Monday Lecture/ at Boston, New 
England appears to be far beyond the newer countries in regard to 
practices that threaten the sanctity and influence of the family 
relation. Divorce, which is characterized by the preacher as par- 
ticularly a Connecticut institution, is becoming more common in 
New England. . . . until the ratio, in proportion to population, is 
greater than that of France in the days of the Revolution. " etc. etc. 

"The unpleasant foots arising from the liquor traffic, in regard to practices that 
threaten the sanctity and influence of the family relation," are now in ordt-r. 
Will some clergyman try to collate them and embody them in a sermon ? And 
will the brewers recount them at their next Convention ? 

"A sermon by the Rev. James H. Nutting, on last Thanksgiving 
Day, shows plainly that divorces are principally among the ** cold 
water" population, as wines and malt liquors are soothing, pacify- 
ing, and beneficial to humanity." 

And yet you insist that "malt liquors are stimulants"-^' 1 Soothing, pacifying, 
stimulating r ! Doctors must reconcile the terms. 

The Agitator closes his address with a long excerpt from Rev. Howard Crosby's 
recent plea for "Vinous and Malt Liquors/' 

Eev. Crosby ought to feel highly honored to be authority for brewers at a 
brewers' convention. Mr. Crosby ont-Lauers Lauer in his tirade against total 
abstainers. In ridicule of temperance societies he says of his system : 

u It must be a manly system that has no cant or foolery of orders 
and ribbons, degrading a matter of high principle to the hocus- 
pocus of a child's play.*' . . " The wild radicalism of the tee- 
totalers is just what the rumsellers and their advocates enjoy/' 

Yes, yes, brother Crosby, we see how they "enjoy the wild radicalism of tee- 
totalers." Their convention speeches and proceedings prove their enjoyment. 
Attorney Louis Schade reports his work: the commission of five. 
"As you are doubtless aware, it has long been the pet scheme of 
ultra-prohibitionists to introduce their absurdities into the National 
Legislature. Various plans have been devised for this purpose, all 
of which have failed.'' 

(Perhaps Mr. Schade will explain to the people why and by what means they 
have failed. Perhaps the people will be satisfied with his explanation. Pro- 
hibition is not the only failure, it seems.) 

•* The most plausible has been the appointment of a committee of 
Xine, who recommended to Congress the appointment of a commission 
of Five, to investigate the liquor traffic. Knowing the probable effect 
of such a commission on the malt liquor interests, if improperly chosen, 
(!) I have carefully watched the progress of these proceedings. The 
first bill relating to such a commission was introduced December 11, 
1873, by Senator Howe, of Wisconsin, and an immense mass of mat- 
ter, in the form of petitions, has been presented in its favor each year 
to Congress. Beyond furnishing themes for tee-total tracts it is dif- 
ficult to see of what value such a commission would be." 

(Why, then, so "carefully watch the progress of these proceedings?") 
" I have opposed the measure on principle, not that I believe the 
brewing interest would suffer materially from its action." 

How you wriggle in and out, friend Schade ! A minute ago you said : u Know- 



112 

ing the probable effect of such a commission on the malt liquor interests," etc.,, 
and now you say : " Not that I believe the brewing interest would suffer materially 
from its action," etc. 

" Mend your speech a little, 
Lest it may mar your fortunes." 

u However, owing mainly I believe to my personal exertions, the 
bill has been for the fourth time frustrated.'' 

This must be pleasant reading to the great army of meeK petitioners who have 
been so long upon their knees praying saloon parties to reward their persistent 
devotion and votes by " doing something for temperance." 

"Ingratitude, thou marble-hearted fiend!" 

Mr. Schade then reports his success by the assistance of a joint committee, 
composed of some members of the House Committee on Ways and Means and of 
the Senate Finance Committee, in defeating the Patent Stamp Destroyer bill. --• 

He says: " Should, however, those patentees be successful, it 
would cost the brewing trade millions every year, without benefiting 
the government in the least." 

In consequence of "the opposition of one Senator," he failed to get through 
the brewers' bill on foreign malt. 

" Temperance Fanaticism in the States," then receives the 
attorney's attention in this wise : 

"The increased and greatly successful efforts of the fanatics to 
induce the various State Legislatures to adopt prohibitory constitu- 
tional amendments, gave me an opportunity to render some services 
in behalf of personal liberty, by making appeals to Senators and 
members of Congress to write to their friends in the legislatures not 
to pass bills of that character. So I succeeded, at the request of 
A. Reyman, Esq., of Wheeling, West Virginia, and Mr. Sea- 
bright, a member of the Legislature, in inducing the Congressional 
delegation of that State to stop their Legislature from passing such 
a constitutional amendment. Similar appeals I made to the Con- 
gressional delegations of Texas, Arkansas, Tennessee, and Mis- 
souri, with the same success. In Delaware, the House having 
passed a local option law, and Mr. Manz, secretary of the Wil- 
mington liquor dealers 1 Association, having requested my assistance, 
I acquainted that noble friend of personal liberty, Senator T. F. 
Bayard, with the state of affairs, and the consequence was a very 
strong and able letter from the senator in defence of personal liberty. 
The Delaware Senate soon after defeated the local option bill. 
Senator Vest, of Missouri, also followed with a similar letter in 
behalf of your rights. I mention their letters especially, as both 

are United States Senators." 

The small fry in the House, especially the members of the Ways and Means 
Committee, who are so active in helping the association in all of its ways and . 
means, ought to resent the snub. Meanwhile, be sure you 

"do not take temperance into politics." 



113 

The central committee of the Iowa brewers association presented a petition for 
help. They set forth that Iowa is threatened with " the same calamity" (?) that 
has overtaken Kansas, and close as follows : 

" For our mutual interests it appears to us that this movement 

ought not to be allowed to gather strength by repeated victory, but 

that it should be resisted most strenuously and its power broken." 

. . . (Aha ! aha ! Try it on !) 

The superintendent of the famous Chicago fire patrol, Mr. Bullwinkle, invited 
the members of the convention to be present at a turnout of the fire underwriters 
patrol. The financial report gave the total, assets of .the association $30,360.45. 
An essay on the scientific education of brewers by W. A. Lawrence, of Water- 
ville, N. Y., was read, and Mr. L. received the prize of $150 offered for such a 
production. The whereas to the resolutions sets forth that the members of the 
association have not been sufficiently active in attending to the interests of the 
brewery. 

" Resolved, That henceforth we will do our whole duty, . . . and 
that, sanctioned by the law of self-preservation, irrespective of per- 
son or party, we will so shape our actions as to secure for ourselves 
the recognition, the rights, and privileges to which we are socially 
(that will be very difficult) and politically (that will become increas- 
ingly difficult) justly entitled." 

Another resolution demands governmental protection and relief for the trade. 
Then comes the resolution on the " Prohibitionary" (whatever that may mean) issue. 

Resolved, That the United States brewer's association, by its execu- 
tive, its local organizations, and its individual members, bring to bear 
its most strenuous efforts to define the true position of the brewing 
trade; to inform the general public as to its character, nature, and 
effects; (alas, we already know, all too well!) to warn against false- 
hood and misrepresentation ; to oppose every person seeking public 
office of any kind, who holds or advocates such adverse views, and 
to do all that is possible to thwart and defeat our opponents' machi- 
nations, 1 " 

O, please, whatever you do, "do not take temperance into politics!" 
It will surely set the whole of liquordom on the rampage. 

N. B. — That a man " seeking public office of any kind " is not permitted to be 
f ree even in thought. He must not hold views adverse to beer. The " personal 
liberty " of politicians hatches only in the mash tub. 

The chair remarked: " Whilst we are witnessing so many success- 
ful attacks upon what we consider our rights and privileges, I have 
one bit of good news at least to communicate, to wit, this dispatch : 

'Springfield, 111, May 12, 1881. 

To the President of the Brewers' Convention, at Brands' Hall, 
Chicago, 111. 

Hind's temperance bill has just been defeated in the Senate by 

a vote of twenty against fifteen. 

(Signed.) Henry Kubens.' " 

(Great applause.) 



"DO NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS!' 



8 



114 

The committee on contingencies recommend, that inasmuch as 
the Kansas constitutional amendment "has made the brewing busi- 
ness illegal, thereby destroying the value of the investments made 
in that business, under sanction of law, without providing for in- 
demnification to the brewers for the loss thus sustained, a test case 
be carried through the United States Circuit and Supreme Courts 
to test the constitutionality of such amendment, and that the money 
requisite for such purpose be appropriated from the general treasury 
of the association." 

A long and hot debate on the duty on foreign malt then ensued, but as it is not 
our fight we'll not enter into it. 

"The paragraph of the Committee on Contingencies, referring to 
the admission of honorary members outside of the United States, 
was then read and adopted." 

Then came a war of words in reference to trouble between editors of the various 
brewers' papers published. A Mr. A. J. E. Tovey, of the German-American 
Brewers' Journal, New York, had testified that John Flintoff, editor of the 
American Brewers' Gazette, New York, and assistant "to the Secretary of the Asso- 
ciation, " could not be believed under oath." As it is but a Kilkenny fight, it is 
not necessary to enter into its details. Mr. H. H. Reuter, Boston, said of several 
of their organs : " When I take such papers I am ashamed that we have them." 

Mr. John C. De La Vergne proposed the following resolution : 

"That a special committee of five members of this Association be 
appointed, to be known as the Publication Committee, whose duties 
shall be to collect and disseminate correct information upon the sub- 
ject of temperance and the relations which our trade bears to this 
.subject," . . . "to the end, that when the mass of the people are cor- 
rectly informed upon this subject, our trade will no longer be harrassed 
by the bigoted efforts of fanatical so-called temperance reformers." 
.. . . "The amount to be appropriated shall not exceed $5,000." 

Mr. Peter Lieber, one of the authors of the resolution, said : 

" The Committee is of opinion to make this Bureau a National — not 
Local one ; and its object shall be to influence the members not only of 
one State Legislature, but of all the Legislatures, Congress included." 

"This resolution — with the amendment, that nothing of a political 

nature should enter into the publications, and that the appropriation 

should not exceed $5,000 — was unanimously adopted." {No contra- 

diction of terms here.) 

After the appointment of the Agitation Committee the next business in order 
was the selection of the place for the next Convention. Mr. Jacob Conrad, of 
Philadelphia, said: 

" I move that the next convention shall be held in the City of 
Washington, D. C, on the second Wednesday of May, 1882, and 
that we show the members of Congress, at the National Capitol, 
who and what we are." 

The Secretary: "I desire to call the attention of the convention 
to the fact that an extra appropriation is necessary if the convention 
is to be held in Washington. Previous to the departure of our 



115 

President, Robert Portlier, Esq., of Alexander, Va., he informed 
me that the newly elected Congress would be then in session. . . . 
I believe the expenditures necessary for the purpose will not exceed 
the limits of our available means ; but it is necessary we should have 
sufficient, for to be parsimonious on this occasion would not be ad- 
visable. . . . By holding the convention in the City of Wash- 
ington, an amicable relationship between the United States Brewers 
and members of Congress can be established and fostered, which may 
result advantageously to our Association at some future period." 
The President, Mr. Scharmann, giving the Chair to Mr. Lauer, said : 

" I am not in favor of going to Washington; we would begrudge 
(sic) ourselves. You are mistaken if you think much good will 
come from our intercourse with members of Congress. If you are 
not intimate with them, and have not shown them big favors in 
their election, they will not recognize you. It is not advisable to 
hob-nob around in Washington." 

Mr. Conrad, Philadelphia: " Perhaps I am wrong, and if so, I 
shall agree with you. We need not hob-nob around the senators 
and congressmen, and yet we can influence them by our presence 
in Washington." 

Mr. Jacob Oberman, of Milwaukee: "My opinion is that we 
should not force ourselves into a city where we are not invited. I 
do not think it necessary to make such an ostentatious show before 
the legislators in Washington, any more than it is in other cities." 

The motion being put to vote, the same w T as accepted, limiting the 

expenses cf the proposed meeting to $3,000. 

On motion of Mr. Lauer a vote of thanks was given to the press for the ex- 
haustive reports of the proceedings of the convention. The president said : 

" A vote of thanks to the Mayor of Chicago, Mr. Carter Harri- 
son, has been proposed. That distinguished gentlemen has uttered 
sentiments as I never before heard from any public official. I have 
heard them in private from public men, but not openly." 

Motion unanimously adopted, and three hearty cheers given to 
the chief magistrate of Chicago. The president then declared the 
business of the convention finished. God bless you !" 

Is it possible for a good and just God to bless a lot of brewers ? The only bless- 
ing that He can bestow is that of their conversion from the error of their ways. 
That He may do this ought to be the prayer of all prohibitionists. 

"Come up to the help of the Lord, to the help of the Lord against the mighty." 

How can we respond to this command f 

Where can we meet these men with any good effect upon their 
business except in their own chosen field of influence and power, 
the political field ? Therefore we must mass our forces facing the 
enemy, and take temperance into politics. 



116 

22d ANNUAL CONVENTION OF THE U. S. B. ASSOCIATION, 
Held in the City op Washington, D. C, May 10 and 11, 1882. 
The President of the United States was not present to welcome the brewers. 
Nor did any public official, commissioner, or constable, put in an appearance. 
Why? In the absence of all dignitaries to prostitute public office, the duty 
of welcoming the delegates devolved upon Mr. Christian Heurich, representing 
the brewers of Washington and vicinity. He did the best he could under the 
circumstances. Mr. Scharmann, president of the association replied : 

" Our organization has passed its twenty-first year. Having at- 
tained its majority, it meets at the home of the mother of us all. . . . 
If we have had and still have to contend with unscrupulous foes, we 
have found thousands of reasonable men, etc., etc. That we still 
have foes who assail us, shows them ignorant of the true nature of 
the beverage Ave make. Not for the public good do they seek to 
destroy our craft, but through perverse fanaticism. They slander 
us in regard to our materials and manufacture, using the grossest 
untruths, and strive to take away our good name without cause — an 
offence against good manners and good morals. Your good name is 
the dearest possession of all upright men. The poet of one language 
but of all mankind speaks truly when he calls it "the immediate 
jewel of our souls.' ' 

So it is, friend Scharmann. And the same poet says : 

" The best quarrels, in the heat, are curs' d by those that feel their sharpness." 
You, if your life is spared, if not, your children, will yet bless the crusade and 
crusaders against your craft and its product. But do you not see that in calling- 
your opponents " unscrupulous foes," "liars," "slanderers," "cranks," "fanatics," 
etc., etc., through the entire vocabulary of abuse, you commit the "offence against 
good manners and good morals " of which you accuse prohibitionists. 

May it not be their aspect is only the reflection of your own distorted vision ? 
Brother S., continues: " But one of the very modes chosen to 
rob us of our good name shall vindicate us. They have persuaded 
Congress to appoint a commission of citizens to investigate the effects 
of alcoholic drinks upon the people, and, though beer contain but a 
modicum of alcohol, some of them seem bitterer against that than 
any other." 

See statistics already referred to on the brutalizing effects of beer, for explana- 
tion of the temperance attitude toward the brewery. 

Says Mr. S. : "We hail that investigation joyfully, for we have 
nothing to fear." 

When we recall the fact that the brewers' Washington attorney, Louis Schade, 
has steadily, year after year, reported his successful fight against this commission; 
that his report has been loudly applauded and thanks unanimously voted to him, 
some idea, though a faint one, can be formed of the lack of truth in all the state- 
ments made by the brewers. Truly, as Albert Griffin has proved, beer is a most 
demoralizing agent. 

" The brewers did not engage in their business through motives 
of philanthropy." 
Right, brother S. ! Go on ! Open confession is good for the soul. Our prisons 



117 

and asylums filled with your victims all testify beyond doubt to the absence ot 
philanthropy in your business. 

President S. then dilates, with the brewers' usual felicity and mendacity, upon 
the awful state of morals in Maine : " More criminals, paupers, drunks, etc., than 
in the beer drinking States. " Inasmuch as Xew York stands first on the list of 
"beer drinking States," she ought, according to brewery logic, rank all the 
rest in health and holiness. Does she? Iso tramps, no boodlers, no drunks, no 
divorces, no murders, no burglars, no insane, no paupers, no overflowing prisons 
and asylums ; all serene and heavenly, because New York's brewers paid into the 
United States Treasury $4,588,669.72 for taxes on the quantity of beer sold to her 
people in the year 1881. Over four millions of barrels of beer in one year ought to 
give New York a boom in morals that would throw Philadelphia, Cincinnati, Chi- 
cago, St. Louis, quite in the shade. No wonder New York decides the Presidency ! 
"No moonshiners among the brewers;" . . . "all has been 
done in the broad light of day," shouts the president. 

(Yes; all except what was done in the Schade.) 

Mr. Scharmann reports that the production of malt liquors for the 
last twelve months was 15.254,472.02 barrels or 472,888,632.62 
gallons. "And I wish to call your attention to the fact that the 
production is not very far from the consumption, the amount im- 
ported and that exported not differing much. . . . The con- 
sumption of beer has gone up during eighteen years over 679 per 
cent., while that of whiskey has fallen off over 327 per cent. 

What an unaccountable coincidence, if beer be the "true temperance drink/' 
and whiskey the only agent of drunkenness, as the brewers declare, that crime 
and all its sequents should increase pro rata with the increase in consumption of 
beer ! Who will unravel the riddle ? 

President S. reports 2,474 brewers against 2,741 in 1881 ; 
8,536 retailers of malt liquors against 11,610 in 1881 ; 2,034 whole- 
sale dealers in malt liquors. Retail liquor (whiskey, etc..) dealers, 
170,640 against 163,523 in 1881 ; 4,112 wholesale liquor (whiskey, 
etc..) dealers against 4,122 in 1881. Capital invested in the beer 
trade is, according to President Scharmann, §152,544,720. 

Brother S. then proceeds in the usual style to pulverize the 
prohibitionists. "Thus far they have succeeded only in one 
State, and the law thus created is meeting with the same fate as 
elsewhere. It is only sustained where the community is mainly 

made up of fanatics." 

u Prohibition is a failure " in Maine, say the Knights of the Vat. Xo fanatics 
in Maine. The law is sustained in Kansas say these same gentlemen. Kansas is 
made up of fanatics. God bless the fanatics ! 

Mr. S. excuses liquordom's violation of all laws affecting the 
liquor traffc, because such laws " represent the will of tricksters, and 
not popular sovereignty." 

To prove the truth of the above assertion, the President advises 
the Association to assist financially "our brethren in Iowa. Missouri, 
and elsewhere, who are making a gallant fight against the efforts of 
a blinded and ignorant zeal." 

Money to defeat the vUl of the people.' 



118 

This is the brewers' idea of popular sovereignty. Of the Publication Committee 
established by the convention in 1881, the President says : 

" My views upon their action has been, and is (sic) that they 
should mainly furnish facts to the people through the independent 
daily and weekly press, which can neither be bought by money nor 
bullied by demagogues." (! !) 

Here we have the animus of the pro-liquor articles so often defacing the columns* 
of journals and magazines. N. B. $5,000 was appropriated for this work. The dele- 
gates arose and expressed approval of the President's address by three hearty cheers. 

The Board of Trustees reported: " During the month of May, 
1881, at the request of your attorney, Mr. Louis Schade, $500 was 
appropriated and placed in trust with Mr. C. Heurich, of the City of 
Washington, to defray expenses of searches and legal opinion as to 
the constitutionality of the Prohibitory law of Kansas." 

" The Moderation Society of New York, composed of leading 
business and professional men, declared it would be a great step to- 
wards mitigating the evils of drunkenness, to substitute fermented 
for distilled drinks.' ' 

That is exactly what brewers say they wish to accomplish. That society must 
have been composed of co-brewers. 

" The teetotalers thereupon intensified their war upon beer, which 
they averred contained all kinds of deadly poisons, and was made of 
various impossible materials. Assailed for its endorsement, the 
Society undertook an investigation of the facts . . . the result 
was a dissipation of the absurd charges." 

Of course ! Prohibitionists base their opposition to beer upon its alcohol and its 
effects upon the individual and upon society. Even if every other ingredient 
used were all that is claimed by the brewers, the presence of that one poison, 
alcohol, fully warrants its prohibition as a beverage. The next work reported by 
the trustees was the effort to abolish or reduce the tax on beer. 

The attorney of the association stated that the members of the 
Committee of Ways and Means of Congress had informed him of 
their desire to recommend the reduction of the tax on malt liquors, 
but that a total abolition of the tax would not be granted, or even 
considered. He then, by request, telegraphed to prominent brewers 
that a reduction to sixty cents per barrel might be obtained, pro- 
vided the brewers approved of the reduction. Message as sent : " Re- 
duction of beer tax possible. Are you and brewers in favor of 
reducing tax to sixty cents, or retain present tax with increase of 
rebate to twenty per cent? Answer at once." 

"As a majority decided in favor of the present tax with increase 
of rebate, the attorney was directed to advocate before the committee 
a reduction of the tax in the form of a rebate." 

Efforts to increase the membership of the association were made. Also, as the 
U. S. Census Bureau had sent to the trustees information 
" that about eight hundred brewers had failed to comply with the 
law by not filling out and returning the blanks that had been sent: 



119 

to them for the purpose, and, considering that your body, as repre- 
senting the brewing interests, had always facilitated all action of the 
government with regard to the trade, the superintendent withheld 
the names of the neglectful brewers from the marshals, and invoked 
our aid in the affair. We at once issued two circulars explaining 
the severe penalties for noncompliance with the law, and that the 
information demanded was not only mandatory, but that there tvas 
no intention on the part of the government to discover and publish 
any man s private business" 

. . . " We requested them to promptly fill out and return the 
blanks; this was responded to at once, and the bureau expressed 
its thanks for the services which we had so cheerfully rendered" 

So it seems that an important government bureau applies to the brewers' associa- 
tion for help to enforce a law, withholds from the marshals the names of the vio- 
lators of the law, and returns thanks to the brewers' association for the services 
rendered ! Is it not becoming more and more apparent that this government as 
administered for nearly a quarter of a century is really of the brewers, by the 
brewers, for the brewers ? Thus we progress. 

The President of the Iowa Brewers, Mr. C. Magnus, was informed that " the 
required aid would be furnished" for "the fight waging in that State with the 
prohibition fanatics." 

Mr. J. AYalruff, of Kansas, was informed that *• all reasonable aid 
and assistance" would be given to test the constitutionality of the 
new prohibitory amendment before the U. S. Supreme Court. 

"A Special Committee of the Board of Trustees called, on March 
14, upon various members of the House of Representatives, asking 
them to assist in the reduction of the beer tax. . . . The report of 
your Attorney will doubtless state the valuable aid rendered by 
members of Congress, in advocating a reduction of the tax on beer, 
especially the Hon. R. P. Flower, of Xew York, and the Hon. M. X. 
Nolan, of Albany, N. Y. To these gentlemen are due the sincere 
thanks of the Association."' 

The report closes with congratulations on the fact that, despite all opposition, 
the production and consumption of beer continue to increase. 

The Committee on Agitation report, as usual, the perverse 
activity of the " unreasoning fanatics;" the "failure of prohibition ;" 
"increase of crime and pauperism;" increase in opium." etc. etc., 
ad infinitum. Of Iowa it says: u The dominant political party 
made the submission of the question to the people a part of their 
platform ; and it is thought that half that party will vote for it. 

Alas ! Only half? Only half of a party's constituency vote for the party's plat- 
form ! Disintegration grows. Truly, prohibition is a dividing line. 

" The leaders of the opposite party, under the idea that the beer 
drinkers are mainly of one nationality, or of the other political faith 
— an error into ivhich they have unaccountably fallen, for beer has 
grown to be a drink of Americans and of all parties" (except the 
Prohibition party, if you please, friend Lauer) — propose to vote for 



120 

the amendment, or, what is practically the same thing, not to vote 
at all, thus treating a grave question of state as mere partisans." . . . 

The Agitators continue : " In looking at the efforts of the fanatics 
there is a slight silver lining to the cloud. The recent exposures of 
the growing pauperism and crime in Maine, and the evidences of the 
large illicit consumption of whiskey there, have provoked thinking 
men to investigate the subject, and are thus gradually causing a 
healthy reaction in the public mind.' , 

You are right, Agitators ! The genuine Prohibition party is growing in Maine, 
and for the reason you state : the non-enforcement by the dominant party (Kepub- 
lican) of the State's prohibitory law. Are the leaders of that party deaf and 
blind to the fact that all these statements of liquordom as to the failure of prohi- 
bition is an indictment of the Republican party, and must result in the triumph 
of the Prohibition party ; for the people of that State, as of many other States, 
are fully determined upon the destruction of the liquor traffic, and upon the 
maintenance of a political party in full and active sympathy with that resolve, for 
thus only will the laws against that traffic be enforced. With the great demoral- 
ization caused by liquor it is worse than a blunder, it is a crime, to leave the exe- 
cution of laws against it to the indifference or enmity of the officials of a political 
party which at any time, or anywhere, courts liquor's vote. It is a crime because 
it is a lack of that vigilance which is the price of liberty guarded and defended by 
law. The non-enforcement of one law begets contempt for all law. 

The Committee continues : " If the project now before Congress 

to examine not only into the effects of the liquor traffic, but of the 

value of the Maine scheme to suppress it, becomes a law, the body of 

information brought out, provided the Commissioners be industrious 

and impartial, will be apt to destroy confidence, except in the minds 

of fanatics, in the power of sumptuary laws. In this connection, 

the labors of your Publication Committee, in bringing out facts (?) 

in regard to such matters, and to the part that the temperate use of 

malt liquors plays in the human economy, will have added to the 

stock of valuable information." 

N. B. The articles on "the failure of prohibition " in the partisan press, not of 
Maine alone, but in all of the States. Here we find the inspiration ; and when 
we remember that the brewers have a fund appropriated to pay for such service, 
their educational value is easily estimated. 

Mr. Fred. Lauer, Chairman of the Agitators, then gave a sketch 
"of the rise and progress of prohibition fanaticism in the State 
(Pennsylvania.) I have so long represented in part in this body 
. It may also not be out of place to review the course of 
Congressional legislation upon the subject of excise laws, or the 
Internal Revenue system, under which, for the first time in the 
history of our government, taxes were imposed upon all descriptions 
of spirituous, vinous and malt liquors." 

What about the whiskey war in Pennsylvania in 1798 ? Mr. Lauer says : 

"As long ago as the year 1836, the so-called temperance crusade began to be 

preached in Pennsylvania, and met with varying success. It was, however, 

principally confined to certain localities, and no serious effort was made to enforce 

prohibition by legal enactments. It was not until 1853, when the teachings of 



121 

Neal Dow, who arose in the East in 1851, and secured the passage of the famous 
"Maine Liquor Law," began to spread in other States, and extended into Penn- 
sylvania. In that year the lower branch of the Legislature of Pennsylvania 
passed the Maine liquor law by a large majority. The Senate was in" doubt. 
Observing this hesitation, the co-operation of Philadelphia brewers and others 
throughout the State was secured, for the purpose of effecting an organization and 
defending the brewing interest. By producing statistics showing the amount of 
capital invested in the trade, as well as in the production and sale of wine ; the 
injurious effects of prohibition upon property and commerce; and the check 
which would be given to immigration, we succeeded in making a deep impression 
upon the Senate. With the strong evidence presented and aided by the powerful 
speeches of the late Hon. Henry A. Muhlenberg and the Hon. Charles R. 
Buckalew, prohibition in Pennsylvania was defeated/' And thus was 
Temperance taken into Politics. 

"A similar bill passed the Legislature of the State of New York, when Gov- 
ernor Horatio Seymour, on the fourth of April, 1854, vetoed it. 1 ' . . . 

"Temperance fanaticism, by the aid of the secret organization of 1854, called 
'Know Nothings/ swept the State of Pennsylvania by the election of a prohibi- 
tion legislature, both branches being carried by large majorities, as also the 
governor. (This shows that the liquor dealers were then as now, mostly foreigners, 
for the efforts of the * Know Nothings ' were directed mainly against that element.) 

" One of the fruits was the passage of a noxious act called the 'jug law,' which 
lasted but nine months. It prohibited the sale of all liquors in any quantities 
less than one quart, which was not allowed to be drunk on the premises where 
sold, and made no discrimination in favor of beer, ale, or porter." 

(It was not u a prohibition legislature " if it passed such a law. Wait, Frederick, 
until vou see a real prohibition legislature. No "jug law/' or the sale of liquors 
less than one quart, or less than one tun, or any quantity, will pass such a legisla- 
ture. Alcoholic beverages will be really prohibited, and the maker and seller of them 
will be placed not in otiiee as now, but in prison to learn some more useful trade.) 

" The people became disgusted with this new order of things (no wonder ), and 
the opponents of the measure, by much exertion and a vigorous organization, 
succeeded in carrying the lower house of the legislature, in 1855, by a two-thirds 
majority. The senate, however, remained temperance, with the exception of the 
anti-Know Nothing senators, together with Eli K. Price, the Quaker senator from 
Philadelphia, and an old-line Whig, and Senator Darsie, of Alleghany, a native 
of Scotland, who was also an old-line Whig. Although both were at first firmly 
imbued with prohibition ideas, I engaged in an extensive correspondence, and 
had a number of personal interviews with them in regard to the folly of enacting 
prohibitory laws in the State of Pennsylvania, and when the question of prohibi- 
tion again came up, both senators voted in favor of license.'' 

. (Was not permission to sell by the quart a license law? You are not as well 
posted on the nature of prohibition as you are on the nature of beer, Brother 
Lauer. One would think that a quart of liquor at a time was enough to satisfy 
even a sponge.) 

"During our struggle in Pennsylvania, other States wheeled (reeled) into line- 
In Ohio, the brewers of Cincinnati acted nobly, by organizing, as they also did in 
New York. Finally, after the war for the Union was in progress the government 
needed revenue, and the brewers of the country were ready to respond promptly, 
bv assuming their share of the burdens of the war/' 

" (If patriotism is to be measured by money, the distillers bore a far heavier share 
of war money taxes. Distilled soirits paid in 1SG4, 33£ cents per gallon ; in 1865, 
94 cents; in 1866, $1.93; in 1867, $1.99; in 1868, $1.97 ; and since 1880 spirits 
have paid 90 cents per gallon. Brewers paid only §1 per barrel at first, and even 
that small tax was reduced to 60 cents per barrel. Thus we see that the brewers 
expended their fighting and patriotism in efforts to reduce the tax on beer!) 



122 

. . . "A call for a brewers' congress, to be held in the City of New York,, 
was issued. I was present at the opening of the congress, on November 12, 1862. 
Much to my surprise, and against my own inclination, your humble servant was 
elected the first president of the United States Brewers' Congress. However, as 
the brewing interests of the country were at stake, as excise laws were new in this 
country, and puritanical prohibitionists had full sway in both Houses of Congress,. 
I made up my mind to bear the brunt, and, ... to endeavor to save our 
business from unjust discriminating enactments and exorbitant rates of taxation,, 
which might result in our complete financial ruin." 

(And this was the way the brewers bore " their share of the burdens of the war." 
Alack-a-day! While men and women were offering life and heart treasure^ 
brewers were organizing to protect their trade from the burdens of the war. So^ 
much for the patriotism of the mash-tub !) 

"For a period of over five years, from 1862 to 1867, 1 was obliged to exercise 
constant care and watching of the proceedings at Washington, during which time 
I wrote over two hundred letters to J. N. Katzenmayer from Keading and Wash- 
ington, as well as about one thousand letters in all to brewers and associations 
throughout the country (How very patriotic !) urging the formation of commit- 
tees for assistance, and stating the condition of our affairs before the House Com- 
mittee of Ways and Means and the Senate Committee of Finance." . . . 

" In regard to the refunding question, I spent many days in Washington. . . .. 
I also corresponded and held frequent personal interviews with Senators Cowan, 
of Pennsylvania, Preston King, of New York, Morrill, of Vermont, Fessenden,. 
of Maine, Pendleton, of Ohio, and Representative Thaddeus Stevens, of Pennsyl- 
vania. Commissioner Boutwell opposed the refunding bill with all his influence- 
However, we accomplished a reduction from one dollar to sixty cents for thirteen 
months under the new law. ... In the year 1864, when the Senate Finance 
Committee had determined to impose a tax of $2.50 per barrel on malt liquors, I 
had a correspondence with the Chairman of the Committee, the late Senator Wil- 
liam Pitt Fessenden, in the course of which I referred him to the history of the 
encouragement of German immigration to Russia in 1790, by the Empress Cath- 
arine, who sent engineers and commissioners to Wurtemburg to induce whole 
villages of Germans to emigrate. . . . Buildings were erected for them in the- 
style of the Fatherland; large grants of land were made to them. . . . The 
Germans who have found new homes in this country never asked such privileges 
and bounties. All they expected was cheap beer. ... In several interviews 
afterwards with Senator Fessenden and his Committee, my arguments, supported 
by my associates, prevailed, and the Senate finally agreed to let the tax on beer 
remain at $1 per barrel." 

"Do not Take Temperance into Politics." 

" Those Senators and Representatives in Congress who assisted the cause of true tern- 
perance, by the enactment of liberal revenue laws in regard to malt liquors, from 1862 up 
to the present date, with whom I became acquainted during the struggle, as President of 
the United States Brewers 1 Association, and, later, as Chairman of the Committee on 
Agitation, at Washington, should be held in immortal memory by the brewers of this 
country and their descendants. Some of our original friends still hold seats in Congress, 
and they may be assured of a hearty welcome to participate in our annual banquet, to 
which they have been tendered invitations!" (What A REWARD I) u If it had not been 
for their wise and liberal judgment, the brewing interests would now be in a crippled 
condition, and many of the breweries of the country would be extinct" . . . "Malt 
beverages are a delicate product, and easily taxed out of existence by arbitrary and 
excessive excise laws" 

The names of these senators and representatives who rendered 
such a service to their country while it was in the throes of civil 
war as to foster and perpetuate by their legislation the curse of the 



123 

brewery, will yet receive the honor due to traitors. While almost 
every business and person were taxed to prosecute the Avar, and 
while the people held life itself n6t too costly and sacred a sacrifice 
to patriotism, we find a lot of foreign brewers hob-nobbing with 
United States senators and members of Congress, to spare the 
brewery from the taxation falling so heavily upon the people and 
beneficent industries. Is it a matter of surprise that these co- 
parceners should cry out from the midst of such work ? 
"do not take temperance into politics!" 

Doubtless, to take temperance into politics will interfere very 
much with all such machinations to promote drunkenness and its 
long train of evils. 

Thank Divine Providence ! Prohibition of the liquor traffic is in 
politics to stay so long as the Republic endures. 

Mr. Lauer continues: "Of the several commissioners of internal revenue who 
received our suggestions and recommendations as to taxes on beer in a liberal 
spirit, and favored our interests as far as their official positions enabled them to do 
with consistency to what they considered their duty to the Government, I may 
mention with commendation the Hon. Joseph J. Lewis, of Pennsylvania, E. A. 
Kollins, of Kew Hampshire, J. W. Douglass, of Ohio, and the present commis- 
sioner, Hon. Green B. Eaum, of Illinois." 

These officials seem to think " their duty to the Government " is to foster beer and 
thus increase the revenue therefrom. The Government's duty to the people does 
not enter into their calculations. 

]^ow for the moral of the advice — 

" DO NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS !" 

"And now, gentlemen, in conclusion, the lesson to be Irawn from this recapitulation of 
the results which we have accomplished in stemming the tide of fanaticism aroused by the 
prohibitionists and in securing from the Government of the United States a liberal 
system of taxation upon our business and its products is briefly this : that effective or- 
ganization, vigorous and vigilant assertion oj our rights, and never-ceasing agiMion 
by concerted and harmonious action are the only sure means toward the accomplishment 
of the ends for which our association was instituted. 

Prohibitionists, do you not here find ample vindication for your 
course in attacking the foe of your principles in his entrenchments ? 

May his plan of campaign here disclosed be to you a lesson on 
the folly of following the advice of the leaders or of the press of 
political parties that court the vote of liquordom. 

Mr. L. continues: "We have, upon the whole, done a good work ; but it has 
by no means ended, and never will end so long as human nature is subject to the 
influences of bigotry and fanaticism. The people of the United States in par- 
ticular, are subject to periodical excitements, whether social, political or re- 
ligious." . . . "We must always stand prepared to meet and resist all these 
spasmodic encroachments upon personal liberty, (but where's my liberty, Fred- 
erick? ) 'and equal rights,' (but, what becomes of the equal rights of the prohibi- 
tionists, friefcd Lauer?) by keeping continually before us the maxim of one of 



124 

the wisest and purest of American statesmen, and most uncompromising foes of 
despotism in every form, that * the price of liberty is eternal vigilance.' " 

(Presumably, Thomas Jefferson. But you haven't got the quotations exactly 
right, Frederick. Did not Jefferson also say? "the excise tax is an infernal one," 
etc., etc. With the evidence now before us, as to the growth of the liquor traffic, 
fostered and legitimatized by taxation, does not Jefferson's censure of the excise 
tax, so far as alcoholics are concerned, sound like a prophecy hastening to 
fulfillment ?) 

Report of the publication committee : " The special commit- 
tee to collect and disseminate correct (?) information upon the subject 
of temperance, and the relations which our trade . . . bears 
to this subject, reports as follows" : 

Preliminary action " was the engagement of a distinguished 
writer and scientist (name not given) who had for years devoted 
much time and labor," etc., etc., ... It became necessary to 
gather and collate all facts that bore upon the subject, for nothing 
could be done without trustworthy statistics." 

(How much trouble the " distinguished writer and scientist" would have been spared if 
only he had the " trustworthy statistics" which the long 'petitioned Commission of Inquiry 
could have furnished if the brewers had been so complaisant as to permit the United 
States Congress to proceed in the matter.) 

" This was gradually but effectively done, and, in order to closely 
study the effect of those prohibitory laws that are more particularly 
aimed at malt liquors, our manager visited the States where such 
laws prevail, and obtained certified copies of official record. 

" There were three modes suggested to reach the public ear : one 
was to obtain the interest of a leading journal or journals, another to 
prepare terse and forcible pamphlets for general distribution, and 
the third to used the lecture platform. The objection to the first was 
its impossibility ( ? ?), for, and the fact is creditable to them, no lead- 
ing journal can be subsidized, and the sheet that could be bought, 
if there be any such, would not be worth buying." 

Prohibitionists fully appreciate the wonderful purity and disinterestedness of 
" leading journals," but how about official, and party, and liquor patronage in ad- 
vertisements, etc., ad infinitum ? 

" Against the second plan it was urged that no corps of volunteer 
distributors, filled with fanaticism, and ready to go from house to 
house, with tracts and broadsides, existed for us. u The third plan 
was too limited in action. Nevertheless, our manager used all 

THREE OF THESE CHANNELS WITH MARKED SUCCESS." (!!) 

Enough said. 

" The public journals, though they can neither be bribed nor 
bullied, and are properly averse to forwarding mere private interests 
in their editorial columns, are always ready to receive and use at 
their own discretion, any facts bearing upon a matter exciting pub- 
lic attention, or even to print brief and well-written communications 
upon any topic of live interest. This fact was taken advantage of 
and various articles, editorials and communications, prompted by us y 



125 

or furnished by the committee, have appeared in journals through- 
out the country." 

(The temperance people can now see the arsenal whence come the paper bombs 
thrown at them, and, in the future, will be able to correctly locate the enemies of 
their principles.) 

"Copies of most of these have been preserved, with an accurate 
statement of the amount of circulation gained. We find it to he over 
four hundred thousand copies, but the facts (?) and figures have 
been quoted and commented upon by journals throughout the country 
with a circulation of twice as much more" 

" Where either of these articles attracted public attention, and 
that was the test of its merit, it has been reprinted in pamphlet 
form, and entrusted for distribution mainly to local associations, 
though a fair quantity has been sent by post to legislators and others. 
There has been an increasing demand for these, which still con- 
tinues, especially in States where the fight is waging for and against 
prohibition. " These pamphlets are electrotyped, the committee 
keeping the plates, and after a certain number of pamphlets have 
been placed where most needed at the expense of the fund, additional 
copies, where ordered, are furnished at the actual cost of paper and 
press work. In this way there has been printed and disseminated 
nearly 115,000 pamphlets and broadsides. 

The report says further, that the demand for this ammunition is growing in 
Maine ; that many converts have been made, and that " volunteer distributors have 
sprung up. $1,500 of the original appropriation (S5,000) remain untouched, etc." 

The president said : "I assure you that there is no committee I 
have to appoint which has so much to do as the publication com- 
mittee." 

Keport of the Attorney of the Association. 
First. — By the assistance of internal revenue commissioner, General Green B. 
JRaum, Mr. Schade announces that he had averted the danger to the trade 
threatened by the Government's adoption of the patent beer keg stamp 
destroyer. "Also, in the matter of the adoption of an automatic meter to ac- 
curately measure the quantity and test the gravity and temperature of distilled 
and malt liquors." 

The bill had actually been reported to the House, recommending an expendi- 
ture of 83,000 to test the meter known as the " Leeds Meter." Again General 
Green B. Raum came to the rescue in opposition to the bill. ^Nothing done on 
the Malt Bill. Mr. Schade then reports upon the 

" Liquor Traffic Commission." 

" Every year since 1873, the temperance fanatics have been eager 
at work in behalf of the passage of such a bill. . . Cartloads of 
petitions to Congress, etc. . . By the noble efforts of Senator 
Bayard, of Delaware, that bill was so amended as to give also repre- 
sentation on the commission to the friends of personal liberty. Those 
bills being referred to the Ways and Means Committee of the House, 
failed, however, to be favorably considered by that committee, etc." 

" The prohibitionists, in consequence, ignored that committee, 
and succeeded in having a select Liquor Traffic Committee appointed 
in both Houses of Congress. . . . Before the passage of the 
Commission bill by the House, I received, last January, an in vita- 



126 

tion from the House Liquor Traffic Committee to present before the 
same the views of the friends of personal liberty in opposition to 
those of the advocates of prohibition, who had already had a hearing." 

Brother Schade then proceeds to enlarge upon the opinion of the mash tub, 
which is, that we already have sufficient knowledge of the liquor traffic ; that the 
census, statistical bureaus, etc., have fully posted us ; and that all the petitions 
for the investigation emanated from the National Temperance Society. 

" There being on the committee two prohibitionists, Messrs. 
Dingley, of Maine, and Joyce, of Vermont, I asked them to explain 
why, in their States, with the most severe prohibition laws and 
penalties, the Federal Government issued last year 1,229 retail and 
11 wholesale liquor dealers' licenses. Governor Dingley tried to 
explain the fact, by maintaining that those licenses had been taken 
out by apothecaries for the purpose of using alcohol in the prepara- 
tion of medicines. I cited in reply Section 3,249 of the Revised 
Statutes, which distinctly provides that 'no special tax shall be 
imposed upon apothecaries as to wines or spirituous liquors, w T hich 
they use exclusively in the preparation or making up of medicines/ 
and positively asserted that the drug stores in those prohibitory 
States took the places of public restaurants in non-prohibitory States/' 

If Governor Dingley had explained that the State was dominated by a political 
party anxious, especially in Presidential elections, to retain its liquor constituency, 
he would have solved the conundrum. This all goes to show the necessity for a 
Prohibition Party, State and National. 

" Nevertheless, says the attorney," the House passed the Liquor 
Traffic Commission bill, on the sixth of February last, by a vote of 
128 against 114. 107 Republicans for Prohibition, 16 paired Re- 
publicans, 5 Democrats. Against Prohibition, 95 Democrats, 16 
paired Democrats, 3 Republicans." 

" Since then the bill has been amended in the Senate so that the 
Commission is to number Nine instead of Five. An amendment by 
Senator Bayard to " also inquire into and report upon the extent of 
the use of opium, etc., was voted down by a strict party vote — 25 
Republicans against 24 Democrats — a proof that there is no 
humanity in the prohibition movement. The bill finally passed the 
Senate, only one Democrat voting for and one Republican (Van 
Wick of Nebraska, a Prohibitionist at that) against it. Having 
been amended, it has to come up in the House again, where it 
probably (?) will be passed." 

Was it ? and if not, why ? Mr. Schade, brewers' attorney, will tell us later. 

Hon. Frank Jones, brewer, and member of Congress, N. H., said: 

" During my term in Congress, I have satisfied myself that Mr. 

Schade has been, and is, on the best of terms with all the influential 

members of the Senate and House, and that he was always eager to 

promote the interests of the Association." 

A note from Frederick E. Phillips, the Private Secretary of the President of 
the United States, expressing the regrets of his Excellency that official engage- 
ments would prevent his attendance at the banquet of the brewers'. 

The President informed the Convention of the establishment of the Brewers' 
Academy, by Drs. A. Schwarz and A. H. Bauer. 



127 

$2,000 In addition to the $3,000 already appropriated, were asked and received, 
in order "to provide a suitable banquet to be held at the seat of our Government, 
where the representatives of the various Slates may be invited to participate." 

A $5,000 spread ought to inspire our (f) representatives. 

The resolutions were in the usual tone, lauding beer, and calling upon all 
"fellow craftsmen" to join the Association, ending with this: 

"Resolved, That we are adverse to mingling politics with business 
affairs (so we perceive), since every citizen, (except the prohibitionist) 
no matter what may be his pursuit, has a right to form his own 
opinions on public affairs and act consistently with his well matured 
views ; but when and where any party, or set of men, pander to 
fanaticism (leaving to brewers the right to declare who are fanatics) 
by supporting laws against well established and proper privileges, 
(for instance, Mormon claims in Utah) on the ground of preventing 
the abuse of a use, (polygamy and marriage) we pledge ourselves 
to overlook party affiliations and aid in defeating their candidates 
for office," etc., etc., as per "the trades" resolutions since 1862. 
But, whatever you do, 

"do not take temperance ixto politics." 

For that will lead it where liquor abides, and therefore, into temptation. 
" That part of the resolution referring to the independence from 
all political parties" (non-partisanship) "was received with great 
applause, and this clause was, by request of the President, again read." 

What an instructive sight it would be to oblige all liquordom to rally in its own 
party and around its own black Hag! As things now are, liquor is so mixed and 
mingled with the dominant parties that it is difficult to distinguish where democ- 
racy 'or republicanism ends and liquor begins. 

The Publication Committee is expected to " give the resolutions 
the largest circulation possible through the country papers ; this is 
most essential to our interests, and will help us very materially," etc. 

All right, friends! Here comes to your assistance, 

"Do not Take Temperance into Politics !" 

Five thousand dollars were appropriated for the use of the Publication Com- 
mittee during the coming year. Wailing petitions for financial aid against the 
persistent fanatics of Michigan, Indiana, Iowa, and Kansas were presented and 
granted, as follows: Michigan, $2,000; Indiana, $3,000; Iowa, $5,000; and to poor 
John WalrufT, of Kansas, who had before been refused, only $500. These petitions 
are very interesting reading, but too long to be here copied. That from the Anti- 
Prohibition League of Indiana, signed by A. Seidensticker, President of the 
organization, is especially pertinent. Those from Michigan and Indiana were for 
money to prevent the submission to the people of the proposed amendments. The 
signers, judging by their names, are foreigners. 

The report of the Finance Committee was— Tot. Assets, June 5, 1882, $29,488.32. 

Stealing casks and packages was denounced, and a fine of $50 proposed to 
remedy the evil; by this it seems there are, after all, some dishonest brewers! 

Mr. Henry Clausen, Jr., of New York, addressed the Convention 
upon the necessity of scattering copies of the proceedings of the Asso- 
ciation among brewers generally, in order to induce them to join the 
Association ; and, as proof of the benefit to the trade, instanced the 
fact that "the consumption and production of beer in 1862-63 was 



128 

only 1,500,000 barrels, whilst now it amounts to 15,000,000 barrels- 
... It depends upon us to have our resolutions spread broadcast 
all over the land, and to have them carried out, too. . . . 

" Taverns and public houses throughout the land are a sort of 
political headquarters, where political and private views are freely 
exchanged; and it is obvious that no other class of manufacturers 
can bring their grievances before the people more directly than we. 

" The natural consequence of this is, that the proprietor, whenever 
he is with his friends, becomes the mouthpiece of our Association; 
being tvell informed about sumptuary laws, he converts many, and 
causes his guests to agree ivith our views. u We maintain emphatic- 
ally that we are composed of different political parties." 

Query. Are any of your friends constituents of the Prohibition party ? Isn't it 
partial to bestow your favor and patronage exclusively upon the two dominant 
parties, leaving the poor and hard-working Prohibition party in the minority? 
Too bad, friends! 

"But however earnestly we may adhere to our political creed, and 
however much we may cherish party affiliations, we shall certainly 
cease to be partisans (and become non-partisans, eh ?) when our busi- 
ness interests are endangered. Whenever such emergency arises we 
shall sever party ties and stand up in defence of our rights as citi- 
zens and taxpayers. . . . " Our union must be strengthened to 
form the van guard in the fight against the prohibition movement, 
which is spreading through the country and which endangers our 
personal liberty and our property." 

"Property!' 7 Here is where the shoe pinches. The "property" of 3,000 
brewers must be weighed in the balance against the bodies and souls of men ; 
against the sanctities of the home; against the peace, prosperity, comfort, and 
happiness of a great multitude of God's oppressed children ; against love, purity, 
hope ; against all that makes life sacred and worth living. Which shall go down, 
friends and co-workers, the still, and the mash- tub, or the home ? 

The president, Mr. Hermann B. Scharmann, said, in closing the 
convention : "I cast my first ballot for the immortal Abraham Lin- 
coln, and while I have never yet voted for a democratic candidate 
for a legislative office, I shall never vote for any man who is in favor 
of prohibition." 

So, it seems, that none of the Eepublican candidates for the Presidency of the 
United States, or for any legislative office since 1860, has been "in favor of 
prohibition." N. B. — Mr. Scharmann has always voted the Republican ticket. 

Alas, for the party that claims to be " the true temperance party !" 

This claim is equivalent to the brewers' assertion that " their association is the 
only true temperance society in the United States." What jugglery I 

What's in a name? Legion is his name. 

With the usual vote of thanks to " the press in Washington and elsewhere, for 
fair reports of the proceedings and for encouraging comments on the labors of the 
convention," the 22d Annual Congress of the U. S. B. A., adjourned to meet in 
Detroit, Mich., on the third Wednesday in May, 1883. 

The brewers are recommended to ponder the following: "Our wills and fates do 
80 contrary run that our devices still are overthrown." 

Shall the treacherous cry "do not take temperance into 
politics ! " be still heard in the land ? Heaven forbid ! 



129 

23d ANNUAL CONVENTION OF THE U. S. B. ASSOCIATION, 
Held in Detroit, Michigan, May 16 and 17, 1883. 

In the absence of public officials, the meeting was called to order 
and delegates welcomed -by Mr. E. W. Voight, President of the local 
association. President Scharmann replied : 

" For the first time we meet in that (sic) beautiful city styled the 
" Paris" of the United States." . . . u We meet under a more favor- 
able concurrence of circumstances than we did a year since. At that 
time it seemed as though the people had lost their manhood (there 
are of course no women among the people !) and had tamely suffered 
the spirit of unreason to control our Legislatures." 
He then goes for "the fanatics" with the usual beer vim. 

" Holding, as matters stood, the balance of power between politi- 
cal parties, they made the adoption of their schemes the price of 
their adhesion to party organization. ... It became necessary 
to teach those men that the true balance of power lay among the 
friends of personal freedom. . . . Your resolutions, especially 
those of the last convention, which you supplemented by manly and 
decided action caused the leaders to reflect" 

" The fall State elections, and, since then the spring municipal 
contests, demonstrated the power of truth and the force of wisely plan- 
ned and concerted action. The tide of fanaticism was stayed, and 
in State -after State the popular voice (?) has been raised against 
schemes that have under the honored name of temperance, increased 
drunkenness and pauperism, brought law into contempt, and de- 
moralized communities." 

Was there ever a law touching ever so lightly the saloon, obeyed by that 
institution? License laws, high or low, are found as difficult to enforce as are pro- 
hibitory. The saloon, which is merely the outlet of brewery and distillery, has 
set itself above all law except its own. Only its miserable victims are dogged 
and punished by law, while spoliation masked as a fine is legally inflicted upon 
their thrice wretched families. Well may we cry out : 

"Law, what crimes are committed in thy name ! " 

There were 17,757,892 barrels of beer produced during the year 
1883. Owing to the increase in the price of hops, the profits of 
the brewery were not as great as usual. 

President S. inveighs against high license on the ground of 
" endless trouble and needless expense to the dealer," and the great 
temptation to "small dealers," who " engage illicitly in the business." 
"Assume a virtue, if you have it not," friend Scharmann. 
To tempt the saloon ! Injured innocence ! 

Mr. S. further says: " The proposition to limit the number of 
saloons is a violation of the law of demand and supply, and is a 
failure from the beginning." 

Thus we learn that the brewers are determined, in advance, to make high 
license a failure equally with prohibition. Friends, it is but to waste precious 
time to try to compromise with liquordom. Touch me not is its motto. It is 
lawless, and we must outlaw it. Absolute, unconditional, and rigidly enforced 
prohibition of all alcoholic beverages is the only measure to meet the exigencies 
of the case. 

9 



130 

The board of trustees report that they had secured the services, 
at a salary of $2,500, of Hon. G. G. Vest, of Kansas City, Mo. 
(United States Senator), to take charge of the test case before the 
U. S. Supreme Court as to the constitutionality of the Kansas con- 
stitutional amendment. 

" During the year we have had cause to thank many kind friends 
in Congress for their just and equitable efforts in legislation affecting 
our interests. Among those we may particularly mention Senators 
Bayard, of Delaware, and Beck, of Kentucky, and Messrs. Nolan, 
of New York, Morrison, of Illinois, and Deuster and Guenther, of 
Wisconsin. These gentlemen, while careful of the public interests, 
were equally watchful to prevent any of the interests of the country, 
our own among the rest, from being hampered by restrictions not 
demanded by the exigencies of the public service. 

" The principal business before you at this session will be upon the 
adjustment of the hop-tare question, . . . and the reduction or 
abolition of the tax on beer. ... In conclusion^we congratulate 
you upon the fact that during the last year fanaticism has received 
a marked rebuke from the people (of the saloon) at the ballot-box." 

The Vigilance, formerly Agitation, Committee report, as to the 
work in Iowa: U A gallant fight has been made by our brethren, and 
the facts, distributed widely through pamphlets and the press, had 
sown seed that will bear good fruit in the future contests ; for, in 
their eagernes.s to seize the golden moment, our opponents had 
adopted irregular methods. Since then, in a test case brought be- 
fore the Supreme Court of Iowa, it has been decided that the amend- 
ment is invalid, through its unconstitutional mode of submission, 
^nd the battle will have to be fought over again. It is true that the 
case will be reheard, but the Supreme Court can hardly recede from 
its own position, which is one guarding the rights of the people. 
There is every hope of success in the future, as the tax- 
payers in the rural districts, from which the bulk of the prohibition 
vote is drawn, are getting more enlightened as to the facts of the 
<?ase. Nearly ninety thousand copies of carefully-written pamphlets 
have been distributed through the State." 

u After the fight in Iowa had closed, Missouri and Indiana were 
of great importance. . : . The manager of our literary bureau vis- 
ited those and other, States. In Missouri our colleagues had an 
organization whose completeness conferred credit on their foresight 
and energy, and needed little outside aid. In Michigan the vigor- 
ous brewers and maltsters of Detroit, in conjunction with their col- 
leagues through the State, were laying the foundation for a triumph 
of personal freedom. . . . In both Indiana and Missouri, both polit- 
ical parties, through the necessity of the situation, were obliged to 
take sides and abandon dissimulation. Each went according to its 
instinct; and the brewers, discarding narrow political bias, threw 
their weight on the side of liberality and justice. The result was a 
triumph for true temperance as distinguished from total abstinence." 



131 

" Nor did the reaction stop here. In every State where the ques- 
tion was brought forward in a manner to disentangle it from side 
issues — and it was the constant object of the vigilance and publica- 
tion committees to aid in giving it this direct nature — a sound 
common sense triumphed over fanatical restlessness and philan- 
thropy run mad. In Ohio a severe lesson was given those political 
tricksters, who would have played with grave public interests for 
selfish ends; and that there should be no mistake, it has been re- 
peated in the spring elections." 

^ In Ohio, in order to confuse the people, two amend inents, license and prohibi- 
tion, were submitted concurrently. On the face of the returns prohibition had a 
majority ; but the vote was so manipulated by the old pro-liquor parties, throwing 
out thousands and refusing to count other thousands, it was made to appear that 
neither amendment had the requisite majority to carry it. 

This was the lesson taught by liquordom to the temperance people of Ohio. It 
is to be hoped that, in the near future, they will so learn these lessons as not to 
trust the interests of temperance to the care of any political party angling for 
liquor's vote, but will forge ahead with might and main to build and establish in 
power the only political party based on the prohibition of all intoxicating beverages, 
and, of course, having no liquor affiliations — the pbohibitiox tarty. 

The report continues : "In New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, 
Massachusetts, Texas, Connecticut, attempts to carry prohibitory 
amendments have been defeated. In New Jersey the amendment 
passed the Senate by 13 to 9, and it was claimed that it would pass 
the Assembly by a fair majority. It was urged upon members that, 
even if opposed to it, they should place it before the people. The 
fallacy of this specious plea was exposed by a gentleman of that 
State, in an argument before the judiciary committee." 

Think of this, friends. Here are a handful of foreigners dictating as to the 
measures the American people shall be allowed to vote upon ! The people of 
New Jersey should lose no time in visiting condign punishment upon men elected 
to legislate for the State, but who really legislate for liquordom. 

u The friends of the measure made but a feeble reply, and the House 
indefinitely postponed that and a number of kindred measures.^ 

(Thus liquor prevails and will continue to prevail so long as the political parties 
in power are each striving to win or hold liquor's vote.) 

" In Delaware the Senate, by 5 to 4, passed a ' Local Option ' bill, 
but after a full discussion, it was indefinitely postponed in the House 
In Georgia they have adopted local option, which, in the form it is 
shaped, will doubtless prove as great a failure as it has elsewhere, 
and be repealed as in other cases after having increased drunkenin- 
and fostered evasions of law." 
(Liquor has neither shame nor scruple to boast of "evasions of law.") 

The committee adds : u No one can tell what wise measures may 
fail, or absurd ones be passed in any State while its legislature is in 
session." 

Eight you are there, brother agitators. But don't you understand the cause of all 
this shilly-shally? Your own tactics are the root of your trouble. Your policy- 
is to balance your power in each of the old parties, so that whichever wins "the 
trade" is safe. And just here is your mistake if you expect concord in action, 
for these parties have a divided constituency, and, of course, a correspondent 
pilotage on the temperance issue. If the temperance men work, vote, give money 
and influence to a mutual party, they surely have a right to a mutual voice in the 



132 

councils and measures of that party ; to refuse this is not only unjust, but is a, 
very mean kind of tyranny. And this is exactly what you liquor men do. You 
command the full surrender to yourselves of all the rights of the entire con- 
stituency and representatives ot both the parties in which, solely for your own pur- 
poses and profit, you balance your supremely selfish vote. So don't complain if 
once in a while the representatives of temperance constituencies, remembering 
their sworn obligations, try to sustain the principles of those who elected them 
and who are taxed, not only to pay their salaries, but also to meet the dire ex- 
penses of your thrice-accursed business. If the managers of the parties which 
are staggering under the burden of your baleful presence had a modicum of com- 
mon sense, instead of so often doing your behests, they would long ago have kicked 
you out of their organizations into a party by yourselves, there to work out, as 
would soon be the case, the damnation of your damnable traffic in the bodies and 
souls, hearts and homes of this, but for you, fair and free land. 

To the impartial observer the surprise is that, in view of this long perfectly 
plain situation of affairs, the temperance element in the old parties should have 
so long consentad to play second fiddle to the mash-tub and the still. To be 
required to sacrifice self respect is too heavy a toll to pay to any political party. 
How much more honorable to cut loose from such a shameful and entangling 
alliance, and stand bravely forth strong, free men, working, voting, giving 
money and influence to outlaw the meanest, the cruelest, and the wickedest busi- 
ness that ever cursed humanity. 

The report continues : " Since our last session, the work of the 
Publication Committee has been active and incessant. Besides fur- 
nishing facts for the journals — and in these the press has shown a 
marked increase of interest over last year — they have taken sides 
in controversies affecting the brewing interest wherever and when- 
ever they found it necessary. . . . They have circulated nearly 
71,000 popular pamphlets," etc., etc. . . . 

" In all the work done, . . . not one cent of money was used 
directly or indirectly, in the way of bribe or subsidy. . . . The 
Committee endorsed the manly position assumed by the New York 
State Brewers' and Maltsters' Association, that they would neither 
" buy justice," nor would they "aid in corrupting legislation." 
" The devil was sick, the devil a monk would be ; 
The devil was well, the devil a monk was he." 

(So long as liquor's vote is in the market as quoted in the various conventions 
of the trade, no other consideration is needed "in the way of bribe or subsidy" 
" in corrupting legislation.") 

"At one time, so great was the demand upon it that it was feared 
the appropriation ($5,000) would not hold out. 

"Although much has been done during the last fiscal year" (How 
like a Government report !), " the work is not over. The enemy 
never ceases his effort." 

(And, please God, never will so long as intoxicants rule and ruin the Kepublic.) 

Attorney Schade reports that the protectionists were too strong 
for him on the repeal of the duty on glass bottles. He succeeded 
better with the corks. "The old duty was 30 per cent, ad valorem* 
The Ways and Means Committee of the House fixed it at 25 cents 
a pound. I succeeded, however, in having the Senate Finance 



133 

Committee fix the rate at 25 per cent, ad valorem, or 5 per cent, 
less than the old rate." 

On the Liquor Traffic Commission, Mr. Schade says : " The bill 
was amended in the Senate " (See his report to Convention in 1882), 
u but, owing most likely to the result of the fall elections, the House 
has failed to pass the bill as amended by the Senate. That is the 
fifth failure of the fanatics to force that bill through Congress" 
"Do NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS." 

It will surely be bungdozed, if you do. 

Brother Schade says: "The prohibitionists have for years 
clamored for prohibition in the District of Columbia. . . . Being 
a resident of the District, I have on that account tried my best 
to frustrate the evil intentions of the fanatics. But I have 
also done so because I did not want the capital of the nation en- 
slaved, and because every foolish act of the National Legislature 
will, more or less, be imitated by the State Legislatures." 

The Congress of the United States dragooned by the attorney of the brewers. 
Magnificent spectacle ! 

"During the last ten years all sorts of bills directed against per- 
sonal liberty in the District of Columbia have been introduced in 
Congress. Our people in the District have, year after year, deputed 
me as their attorney to prevent the passage of those bills. And it 
is with some satisfaction that I can claim that I have assisted in the 
defeat of every one of them. During the last Congress a high 
license bill, and another degrading the restaurant keeper by placing 
Trim alongside of the keepers of bagnios and gambling houses, came 
very near being passed, but I succeeded in keeping our friends in 
Congress awake, and the latter bill was defeated in the House an 
hour before the final adjournment. Only continued vigilance and 
the utmost energy has saved us from sharing the fate of so many of 
our friends in the states, and permitted us to keep the flag of per- 
sonal liberty floating at the Capitol." 

"Do NOT TAKE TEMPERANCE INTO POLITICS;" 

for the mash-tub prohibits any such procedure ; and the mash-tub prohibition is 
not a failure. 

" During the past year I have had frequent opportunities' to assist, 
in person and through my paper, in behalf of threatened liberty in 
the various States. Whenever a legislature was about passing pro- 
hibitory amendments, I made it my business to see the Congressional 
delegations from those States and ask their interference in behalf of 
personal liberty. West Virginia, Delaware, Missouri, Texas, 
Arkansas, Maryland, Kentucky, Pennsylvania, and other States, 
owe the defeat of prohibitory constitutional amendments to the direct 
interference of their members and senators of Congress." 
O, the Efficacy of Non-Partisanship! 

" During the fall election I received a written invitation from 
that great friend of our cause in the United States Senate, Senator 



134 

T. F. Bayard, to go to Wilmington and address a mass meeting of 
the friends of personal liberty. Of course, I could not refuse to 
oblige the man who always has been ready in defence of the brewers 
and personal liberty. In the Ohio election, as well as in all such 
States which I could reach strongly enough through the Washington 
Sentinel, I did all in my power by furnishing literary and statistical 
information, and also the temperance records of the various Congres- 
sional candidates to enable our friends to successfully combat the 
enemy. Without arrogance I may claim that I and my paper have 
done our share in achieving those glorious victories in the late fall 
elections, and thereby saved the liberty and property of not a few 
of you. . . . No other class of citizens having a special organ at 
the seat of government, it (The Washington Sentinel) has naturally 
enhanced the power and influence of its supporters (the brewers) at 
the capital. 

. . . "As an act of justice and courtesy, I will finally mention 
the names of those at the Capital who, by the interest they have 
taken in your behalf, deserve your recognition." 

(What an honor! Here is the list of the faithful :) 

" General Green B. Raum; H. C. Rogers, Deputy Commissioner 
of Internal Revenue ; also, the chiefs of the various divisions ; 
Senators Bayard, Voorhees, Aldrich, Hill, Beck (except on Canada 
malt), Vance, Vest, Cockerill — in fact most all the Southern Sen- 
ators; and, in the House, Morrison, Carlisle, Blackburn, Speer r 
Tucker, Hardy, Nolan, Townshend, Holman, Ermentrout, Con- 
verse, Knott, Klotz, Mills (Texas), Reagan, Rosecrans, Singleton, 
Springer, Willis, and many others. In the Hon. Roswell P. Flower, 
of New York, you will miss in the next House one of the very best 
and most efficient friends you had in the last. And last, but not 
least, of those members to whom you are indebted, I mention the 
names of the two Wisconsin Representatives, Mr. Richard Guenther 
and Mr. P. V. Deuster. You can trust them at all times as being 
ready to take care of your interest." 

(Such is the condition of temperance interests in our National Legislature, in. 
the year 1883. So much for the success of non-partisan, otherwise pro-liquor, 
methods. Mr. Frederick Lauer then gave his farewell address:) 

" Allow me to give you a few points of caution and warning in this 
my farewell address." 

These points were, first, the efforts made to prevent excessive and, 

therefore, unjust taxation; the success in placing and maintaining 

the tax at $1, less 7 J per cent, per barrel of 31 gallons of beer. The 

entire abolition of the tax may now be expected, since there is no 

danger of another war ; 

(Unless liquordom declares it. Mr. Lauer should not forget his warlike speech,. 
June 4, 1873. See pages 1-2.) 

The only cloud in the clear sky of the vat is the u one-ideaed 

reformer's fanaticism." "It is this enemy — the political prohibition- 

ist — who sets himself against the natural constitution of man — who 



■ 



135 

would enforce by law the total destruction of the vast interest now- 
engaged in the production of the various kinds of liquors. " 

N. B. The wrath of " the trade " is especially excited by " the political Prohibition- 
ist" u The trade" smiles, and can well afford to smile, at petitions, pledges, nonnies. 
and other ringed, streaked and speckled compromises ; but when the prohibition 
ballot steps upon the tapis at the polls, then, and only then, comes the tug of war. 

Mr Lauer says: "You must preserve your organization in its full 
vigor and force, and stand up boldly and manfully, 

(Why didn't he think of the womanfully "stand up" that, more than all other 
antagonisms, has made the gentlemen of the mash-tub tremble in their boots for 
the fate of King Gambrinus ?) 

against all encroachments upon your rights, both as citizens 
and as business men; maintain the broad ground . . . that 
the brewer, so far from making that which makes drunkards, is in 
fact the real missionary of temperance and one of the benefactors 
of mankind. Your business is as ancient as civilization itself, 

(So are lying, stealing, felony, forgery, counterfeiting, etc., through the entire 
catalogue of crimes.) 

and, except by the followers of Neal Dow, the Mahomet II of this 
western world, is held in honor among men. farewell ! " 

After the appointment of the various committees " the President stated that 
the Common Council of Detroit, Mich , had passed a resolution to welcome the 
brewers and their friends, and had ordered the fountains of the City Hall Park- 
to be illuminated during the stay of the brewers in Detroit." 

Whew! Better late than never. 

The Federal Resolutions call for a reduction of the tax on 
beer "to at least half of the present amount; " denounce " the in- 
crease of duty upon glass bottles," and demand the " former rate." 

The Prohibitive Resolutions declare that efforts "to make men 
moral by a mandate of the legislature, are not only futile of them- 
selves, mischievous in their consequences, and leading to tyranny on 
one side and contempt of law on the other, but they are beyond the 
scope of power of any government established by the people." 

As to making men immoral by act of legislature the resolutions are silent. 
Also, as to the right of the people rather than a junto, to make the laws of a Demo- 
cratic Eepublic. 

Resolution Second declares beer "a drink food" (see Baron 
Liebig's opinion as quoted on page 77), whose right of manufacture 
and consumption "is only denied by idiots and fanatics." 

Resolution Third. " That in the future, as in the past, we shall 
not assume to influence or avert legislation by corrupt or degrading 
methods, nor shall we beg nor buy justice, and, relying upon the 
merits of our cause, shall submit the question of sumptuary law^ to 
the calm determination of the people." 

As if that is not exactly what prohibitionists wish and work for; while the very 
men who pass these lying resolutions work with all their machinations to prevent 
the submission to the people of any prohibitory liquor law ; and, if, despite these 
machinations, the question is submitted, then the whole machinery and trickery. 



136 

of liquordom, is set to work to defeat the will of the people. In all the annals of 
free government there is found no despotism more mendacious and malignant 
than is that of the liquor league in our republic. 

The resolution resolves itself into the usual declaration to sus- 
tain no political party or candidate for any office unless such party 
and candidate will kneel in worship to the mash-tub. Faugh, how 
they smell of hell ! Mr. Reuter supplemented the resolutions by a 
glowing eulogy of General Green B. Raum, expressing a hope that 
"his successor" may do likewise. 

As if the association hadn't provided for that before his nomination to office ! 
Liquordom always takes time as well as prohibitionists by the fore-lock. Xo won- 
der we've so many bald-headed men in our ranks. 

So, 000 were appropriated to the Literary Bureau ; $2,000 to resist the "fanatics" 
of Maryland. Mr. Frederick Lauer was made Honorary Member of the Associa- 
tion. Mr. John C. De La Yergne, of New York, having retired from the brewing 
business, was also thus honored. The financial report showed : 

Total assets of the association June 8, 1883, §20,038.55. 
Then was passed the following resolution: "We, undersigned 
brewers, maltsters, and others connected with our business in the 
State of Pennsylvania, do hereby declare in favor of a speedy 
State organization in our State for the purpose of protecting our 
liberties and property against confiscation and destruction." 

The President said : "I wish to compliment the Philadelphia 
brewers upon taking this step." 

" I believe that it is as much to the interest of maltsters and hop 

merchants to belong to our association as it is to brewers. Nor 

should the hop growers remain outside ; they all should join us, and 

render what help they can in shaping legislative enactments for the 

benefit of our business. All of us should strive to get kindred 

trades to join us." 

There was then a debate as to ways and means whereby all brewers could be 
induced to join the association, which numbers only about 537 members. Mr. 
J. C. De La Vergne, of New York, exclaimed ; 

"What influence would this Convention have on the press an^l 

public opinion in this country in opposition to prohibitory and 

sumptuary law T s if three thousand members were to meet here to-day 

in earnest council?" 

That's a big ?, brother De La Yergne. If five hundred of the faithful have 
accomplished so much, we tremble to think of the onslaught of three thousand 
knights of the vat ? 

If a herring and a half cost a cent and a half, what will a jack-knife cost ? 

Mr. Henry Clausen, Jr., then set forth the advantage of membership, illustrated 
by the test case of Peter Mugler, of Kansas, which U. S. Senator Vest, for 82,500, 
is to steer safely through, the U. S. Supreme Court ; and Peter only pays 20 cents 
dues for this mighty effort ! Philosopher Clausen, Jr., delared : "It is a singular 
phenomena among the Anglo-Saxon race that they are frequently carried off 
spasmodically in their recreations and ideas." "Spelling matches," "velocipedes," 
"bicycles," "base ball," "boxing and walking matches," are instanced. He 
forgot to mention dynamiting; but, then, that is not a spasm of the JLn^o-Saxon. 
Mr. C. declares: "There is a race for something at all times." So there is, 
brother C, and the race for money is keenest of all. But, unhappily, liquordom 
has many competitors in that fateful race. God help us all to a race for some- 
thing higher and better! "Righteousness (right-doing) exalteth a nation, but 



sin is a reproach to any people." ^ Mr. Clausen thinks that it is the duty of the 
brewers " to educate the public mind and public sentiment " — to the ways of right- 
eousness? Alas, no! To drink beer! 

Mr. Leo Ebert, of Ironton, Ohio, moved " to increase the salary 
of Attorney Louis Schade from $1,500 to $2,500 per year." Re- 
ferred to the Board of Trustees. (Only $1,500 for such service ! 
Liquordom is not very generous to its underlings.) 

A vote of thanks, with three hearty cheers, was given " to his Honor 
the Mayor and the Honorable Common Council of this city" for the 
hearty welcome and many courtesies extended to the Convention. 

" The President asked at what place the 24th Annual Conven- 
tion should be held. The cities of Cleveland, Ohio, Pittsburg, Pa., 
and Rochester, N. Y., were then proposed." 

Mr. A. W. Oppman, of Cleveland, Ohio, stated that the brewers 
of Cleveland have had large expenditures within the past three years 
in providing against the passage of enactments detrimental to their 
interests. These continual drains upon their treasury had entirely 
exhausted the means of the brewers, and for this reason the dele- 
gates requested that another city be substituted, etc." 

Pres't S. giving the chair to the Vice-President, Mr. Henry Clausen, Jr., moved 
that the City of New York be selected. Motion seconded, submitted to a vote and 
adopted by a large majority. Mr. Henry Reuter moved that the Board of Trus- 
tees shall be empowered to change the place, if within the next four weeks an 
offer should be received from any local association to hold the convention at their 
city. Motion unanimously adopted. 

After the usual vote to the press, the Convention adjourned, to meet on the third 
Wednesday of May, 1884. Thus endeth the 23d epistle of the IT. S. Brewers' 
Association to the people of the Republic. 

What shall the Harvest be ? 



138 w 

24th ANNUAL CONVENTION OF THE U. S. B. ASSOCIATION, 
Held in Rochester, N. Y., May 21, 22, 1884. 

Delegates called to order and address of welcome by Mr. Wm. N.. 
Oothout, president of the local association. 

President Scharmann responded : . . . " Celebrated for years 
on account of the excellence of its milled bread-stuffs, Rochester is 
rapidly gaining a national reputation for the quality of the ' liquid- 
bread ' it produces. There are gentlemen within the reach of my 
voice who lived in this city when there were but three small brew- 
eries in operation. That was only forty years ago. During the past 
year Rochester's production of beer amounted to 280,000 barrels.'' 

(Eight million, six hundred and eighty thousand gallons of beer in one year ! 
It would be an object-lesson to Rochesterians if all the fruits of this beer could 
be materialized and paraded through the streets of the city.) 

President S. says this beer "indicates social advancement, and a 
diminution of those evils," &c. "This is no empty phrase, dictated, 
as some might suppose, by motives of self-interest. Dr. W. L. 
Lord, superintendent of the insane asylum of this county, states in 
a letter to the publication committee of your association, that in his 
opinion ' alcohol is not now as operative as a cause of insanity as it 
was ten years ago, or rather that there are fewer cases of insanity 
traceable to alcoholism in this community than was formerly the case/ ' 

Is this true, Dr. Lord ? Will you, or some reputable citizen of Eoch ester, inform 
the public of the effect upon the morals and health of your county, the inmates 
of your jail and other institutions of punishment, of your poor-house, asylums, 
&c, of this increased consumption of beer? The brewers elsewhere state that 
production and consumption bear a close relation. See page 117. 

President S. continues: "Gentlemen, I desire to emphasize this 
testimony, which with many others forms part of the valuable statis- 
tical sketch prepared by your literary bureau, and recently published 
by your association ; I wish to lay more than ordinary stress upon 
this sentence, for it is the key-note of an argument which has 
brought upon the brewing trade the enmity of some of those persons 
with whom we have never failed to make common cause (the dis- 
tillers), whenever the principle of individual liberty was assailed." 

(Inasmuch as Prohibitionists want only to reach and expose the bottom facts 
of the effects of the liquor traffic upon society, it is to be hoped that the citi- 
zens of Rochester will corroborate or refute this statement of Br. Lord, sup- 
plemented as above indicated.) 

Mr. S. then proceeds to demonstrate the unity of purpose in 
all the various branches of the Liquor League in fighting pro- 
hibitory and restrictive liquor laws and declares that " this Asso- 
ciation would not , under any circumstances, brook an offer of 
compromise based on the idea of favoring fermented drinks." 

This energetic protest was called forth by the charge, presumably of the 
whiskey dealers, that the brewers " were fraternizing with the enemies of the 
liquor traffic, because we endeavored to prove, by such evidence as I have now 
quoted, that the constantly growing taste for fermented drinks has effected the 
purposes of a rational temperance movement." " Not a shadow of suspicion should 
be allowed to rest on our Association so far as this question is concerned." 

(No well-informed person ever doubted the solidarity of liquordom's opposition 
to anything and everything touching its dollars' and cents' interests.) 



139 

"The energies of your Standing Committees have been exer- 
cised during the past year in a successful effort to correct such 
popular errors as affect the interests of distilleries and venders of 
ardent spirits more directly and disadvantageous^ than they do 
.the brewing trade. It is through the work of your Association 
that the exaggerations of prohibitionists in reference to alcohol 
as a cause of insanity, pauperism, and crime have been placed in 
a true light, (?) and that a statistical basis has been established 
by which the arguments of the enemies of our trade are deprived 
of that force which they possessed so long as their want of truth- 
fulness could not be demonstrated by figures and facts." . 
"The importance of this question (the discrimination between 
beer and whiskey) was prominently brought before the public and 
thoroughly ventilated when, a few weeks ago, the Legislature of 
the State of New York deliberated upon the High License bill 
introduced by Mr. Roosevelt, a gentleman who, I am proud to 
say, did not fail to recognize the weight of the arguments sub- 
mitted to him by the Brewers Association, through your Cliair- 
man, becoming convinced that true temperance would be hindered 
by any measure diminishing the sale of malt licjuors and light 
wines. It was then shown, and you will find the full text of the 
statistical arguments in the sketch already referred to, that ardent 
spirits, I am glad to say, do not obey unjust legal restrictions.^ 

Would you or the distiller, consider any legal restriction just, brother S. ? 

X. B. — His boast of violated law. Where is the difference between liquor 
dealers and Mormons in contempt of laws bearing upon their unholy traffic in 
human bodies and souls? 

Of Iowa and Kansas Mr. S. says: "The moderate drinkers are 
in a majority among the male adults, and drink they will, whatever 
the laws say." 

(He does not seem to understand that this statement is proof of the demoralizing 
effect of liquor drinking.) 

He continues : . . . " I would urge our associates of Iowa not to 
relinquish hope, but to renew and redouble their energies, for the 
day of reckoning will surely come. The laws of to-day may be un- 
done to-morrow. Our hope is based on the fact that prohibition 
cannot last in a progressive State. The voters who have sustained 
the law will soon become aware that, unless they wish their State to 
equal Maine in all those indications of ethical and material retro- 
gression which have so often be^n described 
(by the tongue and type of liquordom,) 

they must do away with a measure which, wherever it was tried, has 
confessedly deteriorated the status of society, circumscribed the man- 
hood of individuals, and stayed all progress." 

(The assassination of Mr. Haddock, by a brewer, is an object-lesson of the 
beautiful morality of the mash -tub.) 

Of the political power of liquor Mr. S. says : " If the liquor traffic 
is really a power in politics, it is so not by choice, but by force of 
circumstances created by prohibitionists.' ' 



140 

The reader is invited to turn to page 3 and read the opening speech of Mr. 
'Clausen, then President of the Brewers' Association. Also, see his address, page 11. 
One would need Ariadne's thread to penetrate the labyrinth of lies that hides the 
Minotaur of the vat and the still while he devours the children of the Kepublic 
The Board of Trustees report having " instituted, February 25, 
1884, an inquiry for the purpose of ascertaining the numerical pro- 
portion of voters to non-voters employed by brewers and maltsters.' 
The result of this investigation confirmed the fears which had given 
rise to the movement; for it was found that a very large proportion 
of men employed in brewing and malting establishments had, up to 
that time, neglected to acquire citizenship, and even to declare their 
intention of doing so. . . . We merely wished to call the brewers' 
attention to the necessity of becoming citizens — and we have suc- 
ceeded in doing so. From the reports sent to us, we find that, 
before our inquiry, the number of those who had taken no steps to 
secure citizenship was very large; in consequence of the agitation 
of your Board that number has been considerably diminished.' ' . . . 
" There are good reasons for the expectation that the situation 
ivill soon be made to accord with the constantly increasing emergen- 
cies of our struggle against prohibition." 

The Joint Report of the Vigilance and Publication Committees 
announces "the appointment of Mr. Gr. Thomann as Manager of the 
Literary Bureau, with the instruction to establish what might prop- 
erly be styled a Bureau of Statistics and Reference." . . . 

" In every State there is an abundance of men eminently capable 
of conducting the agitations against unjust and oppressive measures; 
and these men need not, surely, be supplied with prepared argu- 
ments answering the demands of any given situation, but what they 
do need is statistical material, the collection of which requires more 
time, labor, and money than they can afford to expend in our behalf." 
And it is to obtain reliable statistics that the temperance people have for more 
than ten years petitioned Congress to appoint a committee of investigation into 
the liquor traffic and its effects upon the Republic and its people. Brewers have 
fought this measure in Congress after Congress, ever since 1873. They do this on 
the plea that the committee will not give a truthful report. Inasmuch as there 
is not one real prohibitionist in Congress, (liquordom always dictates who shall be 
Speaker of the House, who has the formation of all committees — ) that both political 
parties now dominant are catering for liquor's vote, and that the policy of that 
vote is to balance itself in those two parties — the people can easily understand 
the falseness of the brewer's plea. No ! The real reason is, liquordom fears a 
public investigation and report, as must necessarily be that of a Congressional 
Committee on a subject in which their constituents have such a deep interest and 
absolute right to know the truth. 

As long as Congressmen are nominated and elected by political parties contest- 
ing for liquor's vote, and in which liquor holds the balance of power, they will 
be as averse to the proposed investigation as is the vat and the still ; and they 
will shirk it as long as possible. 

The joint report continues: "Your committee is determined to 
supply this want of statistical information in a comprehensive and 






141 

lastingly effective manner, . . . Our first and immediate object 
was to reduce the assertions of our adversaries in reference to the 
effect of distilled and fermented liquors to a statistical basis, and we 
are glad to be able to say that in this respect we have had a fair 
measure of success." 

"Figures don't lie." If the figures of liquordom don't lie then we may expect 
to see water run up hill and the earth reverse her movements. What possible 
value can any impartial and well-informed person attach to statistics gathered by 
liquor with the avowed purpose to make out a case /or liquor ? If criminals were 
judged by their own representations none would be convicted. Both sides must 
be heard before a fair verdict is possible. 

" Our next endeavor will be to publish a history of all the laws 
bearing on the liquor question ; that is to say, a history of the oper- 
ations of the various kinds of liquor laws in the different States of 
our Union from a breioers political, moral, and economical point 
of viewy We were fully prepared to appear before any Congres- 
sional committee having under consideration any bill relating to the 
liquor traffic, and there to submit in manuscript, if necessary, the 
facts, figures, and arguments before mentioned. Such a course was 
rendered unnecessary, however, by the timely action of your attor- 
ney (Schade), who was chiefly instrumental in defeating the machi- 
nations of prohibitionists before the House Committee on Alcoholic 
Liquor Traffic. We are of the opinion that neither the bill intro- 
duced by Mr. White, of Kentucky, nor that upon which Senator 
Blair reported on the 22d of April, 1884, both aiming at an investi- 
gation of the liquor traffic, need cause us any uneasiness so far as a 
correct statement of facts is concerned. . . . Your committee 
have sent a copy of our statistical sketch to every senator and 
member of Congress. In conclusion the committee recommend an 
appropriation sufficient for printing 50,000 copies of 'Real and Im- 
aginary Effects of Intemperance, .' ' 

Mr. Louis Schade, attorney of the association, reports : 

"Colonel W. R. Morrison reintroduced his bill of last Congress, 
the first section of which relates to the abolition of the brewer's 
bond, and the second, to the punishment of a brewer who removes 
from the empty kegs the brand of another brewer." 

So, it seems that the brewers have to watch each other as well as prohibitionists. 
Truly, they have their hands full ! The bill, so far as the abolition of brewers 1 
bonds, was opposed by the internal revenue commissioner, who regards the bond 
of the utmost importance. The new commissioner, Mr. Evans, appears to be not 
so fully persuaded of the honesty of the brewers as his predecessor. 

Mr. Attorney says : " I am, however, hopeful of obtaining his 
sanction and even co-operation in changing the section so as to make 
the annual renewal of the bond unnecessary." 

If he don't come to terms his reign will be short, see if it is not? 

There was a fight between Messrs. Dan Talmage & Sons, of New York, and the 
brewers, as to the duty on rice meal, i. e., broken rice, used to give beer a vinous 
and sparkling appearance. Talmage & Sons deal in this rice and wanted the duty 
increased. The brewers brought their power to bear upon Mr. Folger, Secretary 
of the United States Treasury, Mr. French, Assistant Secretary, Colonel James, 
Chief of the Customs Division, and "the efforts of the Messrs. Talmage were, in 
consequence, once more frustrated," etc., etc. 



142 

Then certain brewers complained " that, under a new Form 18, 
revised May 5, 1883, furnished by the Internal Revenue Department 
upon which to make their monthly returns, they were requested to 
give a detailed statement of materials used during the preceding 
year." Mr. S. says: "I called on the commissioner, Mr. Evans, 
and read Section 3,837 of the revised statutes to him. ... I 
stated that though the brewers of the United States had nothing to 
conceal in their material accounts, and though in the articles named 
in the new monthly schedule there was not one containing any 
deleterious ingredients, yet the brewers were unwilling, as honest 
tax payers and free citizens, to submit quietly to any regulations 
and exactions not required by law." 

The commissioner had to succumb to the brewers' dictation. They would not fill out 
the material account column, and the commissioner concluded that no collector could force 
them to do so. 

Touch me not, says the mash-tub. 

Brewers exporting beer to Canada complained to the Secretary of the Treasury 
and to the Commissioner of Internal Kevenue of undue vigilance of the United 
States collectors at the Canadian frontier ports. 

" The result was a new order which allows the brewer to ship his beer 
right through without having the sealed car opened, the collector at 
the frontier port simply examining the locks and seals, &c." 

(Evidently, beer brooks no investigation of anyjdnd, from any source, for any 
purpose. Beer is king. Cotton was a far less dangerous crown wearer.) 

" In November last a number of empty kegs belonging to Bergner & Engel 
Brewing Co., and to Mr. John F. Betz, of Philadelphia, and also a number of 
teams and one railroad car were seized by the Federal officers at Savannah, Ga., 
and the local agents of those firms arrested, because the revenue stamps on those 
kegs had not been properly destroyed. The agents were brought before the 
United States Commissioner, and their trial set for November 11." . . "I asked 
for a postponement of the trial, and the district attorney and collector at 
Savannah were telegraphed to by the Commissioner of Internal Revenue to stop 
proceedings until they had reported to Washington. After receipt of those 
reports and a good deal of writing and telegraphing, the Department finally gave the 
order to disiniss the cases against those agents, and released the teams and the car seized. 
The empty kegs were returned to the brewing firms upon the payment of a nominal, 
compromise fine." (Thus beer triumphs over law every time.) 

THE KLEINER BILL. 

" As early as 1877 . ., . I called your attention to Section 
3,243, Revised Statutes, which grants the States and even muni- 
cipalities the right to prohibit the manufacture and sale of those 
articles selected by Congress under an express clause of the Con- 
stitution to be taxed for the purpose of paying the national debt 
and defraying Federal expenditure." (See pages 43 and 70.) 

"Mr. Kleiner, the excellent member from Indiana, has intro- 
duced a bill which changes that section so as to make it unconsti- 
tutional for any State authorities to pass general prohibitory laws, 
though it concedes to them the right to put additional taxes on 
those articles and regulate their sale, which taxes and regulations, 
however, must not assume a general prohibitory character, so as 
seriously to interfere with the Federal revenue. After consulta- 
tion with some of our best legislators, it became apparent that no 
bill could pass which denies the States the right of regulating and 



taxing the liquor traffic, and the bill introduced by Mr. Kleiner, 

which concedes that right, seems to meet on that account with 

general favor. It is now before the Ways and Means Committee, 

and, under your instructions, I am assiduously endeavoring to get 

it through the committee." 

This is the explanation of the willing submission of the liquor traffic to Federal 

taxation. It is a protection to the business, and the effort to make it a shield 

against State prohibition will, if successful, bind all States, helpless, to the still 

and the vat. X. B. — The heavy black line against the paragraphs on pages 43 

and 70 wheTe this project was first broached and repeated. The line was put 

there to call especial attention to the danger brewing. 

"prohibitory movements in congress." 
" Contrary to all expectations the House, upon recommendation 
of the Committee on Rules — ex-speaker Randall joining the two 
Republicans , against the two Democrats, Carlisle and Blackburn, on 
that committee — appointed January 19 last, anew a committee to 
investigate the liquor traffic, by a vote of 142 against 86. For the 
appointment voted 83 Republicans and 59 Democrats ; against it, 
83 Democrats and the three Republicans, Guenther, Breitung, and 
Laird. Speaker Carlisle, however, somewhat remedied the evil 
by appointing on the committee five Democrats who had all voted 
against the appointment of the Committee, to wit: Messrs. Hill 
(Ohio), Bland (Mo.), Kleiner (Ind.), Evins, and Carleton (Mich.), and 
the Republican, Mr. Guenther, who also had voted against it, and 
the three Republicans, Davis (Chicago), GofF (West Ya.), and Camp- 
bell, who had voted to appoint the Committee. Davis afterward 
exchanged with Price, of Wisconsin, perhaps the most rabid pro- 
hibitionist in the House, and whom Speaker Carlisle would never 
have placed on the Committee on his own account. The Committee 
stands, therefore, six to three in favor of personal liberty, and not 
less than two of its members are German- Americans. For that 
you are under obligations to Speaker Carlisle and his and our friend, 
Co Ion e I Mo rrisoi I." 

X. B. — The Brewers' Association dictates who shall be Speaker, and the Speaker 
thus appointed, forms the Committees. Thus the House is organized, and its busi- 
ness conducted in harmony with the wishes of liquordom. See to this, temper- 
ance Eepublicans! Prohibitionists have as yet no representative in Cong] 
If they had it would not be quite so easy for liquordom to slaughter all temper- 
ance and prohibitory bills. 

Mr. Schade's report then enters fully into the appearance of "a small army of 
the District W C. T. U.,'' and two representatives "of the National Temperance 
Alliance" (sic). He makes grave charges against the National Temperance 
Society, but which, considering the source, and their exceedingly doubtful veracity, 
are not here repeated. 

He continues: "The House being in session, the Committee had 
to adjourn immediately after I had concluded but it an as agreed 
that the gentlemen should have another hearing in reply to me." 

" On the 21st of February the second meeting took place. The 
advocates of prohibition, though in the Capital, failed to make their 



144 

appearance.'' . . "The Committee then voted, by six against 
two (Groff and Price), to report the Commission bill adversely to the 
House. Mr. Hill (Ohio), the Chairman, in behalf of the majority, 
has since introduced in the House a very able adverse report. Goff 
and Price have each offered a report in favor of appointing the Com- 
mission." "In the Senate the Commission bill has been reported 
favorably by Senator Blair. " 

" In this connection I will state that I did not think it necessary 
to ask you for assistance against the representatives of the prohibi- 
tionists, in fact, I did not need it, the more so, as I had met those 
gentlemen before. Besides, the majority of the Committee, espe- 
pecially Messrs. Hill, Bland, Kleiner, Guenther, Carleton, and 
Evins, do not hesitate to express their sympathies with the cause of 
personal liberty. I knew I was amongst friends." 

N. B. — The brewers claim that their opposition to a committee on the liquor 
traffic is because it would be in the interests of prohibitionists. Here is a com- 
mittee with a liquor majority, but they will not, because they dare not, recom- 
mend the appointment of a Commission of Inquiry. Coward conscience! 

"In the District of Columbia "the prohibitionists, under the 
leadership of a number of clergymen and the W. C. T. XL, exhibited 
more than usual vigor, especially against a new District License 
Bill. Before the House District Committee I met several delega- 
tions of them, but, with the New Testament in one hand, from which 
I showed that to drink with moderation was taught by Christ Him- 
self, and the internal revenue reports in the other, from which I de- 
monstrated the undeniable fact (?) that prohibition does not pro- 
hibit, I had but little trouble in preventing them from doing mischief.' ' 

" The devil can cite Scripture for his purpose.'' 

The vat is welcome to all the comfort it can drain from Internal Revenue re- 
ports. That's a gun that kicks awfully. 

It is very suggestive to note that liquordom always confounds prohibition with 
investigation. The Commission is merely for official inquiry into the liquor traffic, and 
then, to report their findings. What may be the result of such investigation is in 
the unknown future. But liquor jumps to the conclusion that only prohibition 
can possibly ensue, and this when even the committee stands six for liquor and "per- 
sonal liberty," against two for a commission of inquiry. 

" My conscience hath a thousand several tongues, 
And every tongue brings in a several tale, 
And every tale condemns me for a villain." 

The financial report showed total assets of the association, may 9, 1884, 
$23,043.13. The finance committee call attention to the fact that by appropria- 
tions the funds have been steadily decreased. " If this drain goes on it will be 
necessary to authorize the board of trustees — by a special resolution, as provided 
by the by-laws — to levy, in case of need, an extra assessment on all active mem- 
bers of the association, which consists of 606 members, 104 new members having 
been received during the year." 

Fermented liquors produced in fiscal year ending June 30, 1883, 17,557,892 
barrels, equivalent to 550,494,652 gallons ; 1884, 18,998,619 barrels, equivalent to 
588,957,189 gallons. 



145 

All is not serene within liquordom. Brewers' casks are in jeopardy from the 
light-fingered gentry of the craft ; therefore a law must be passed to protect them- 
selves against themselves. " One Boston brewer had another arrested for misap- 
propriation of property ." Difficult to prove proprietary rights. 

" The brewer was, therefore, sued for defamation of character, 
and our association decided to give the necessary financial assistance 
to bear costs of action. Decision against the brewer, our associa- 
tion being fined §5,000. 

Commissioner Evans did not think it his duty to work for the 
passage of this brewers' protectory law, because it was "without 
any Decessary connection with the tax upon fermented liquors. " 
He w-s soon brought to a realizing sense of his servantship to the 
brewers by an admonitory letter from President Scharmann " to 
come to the reMef of the brewers as tax-payers, etc. In the event 
of an unfavorable reply thereto, a committee to be sent to Washing- 
ton to represent this association before the Committee of Ways and 
Means, and there to urge the passage of a law for our protection in 
this respect." 

Is there any other business in this country that uses the various government 
departments and Congressional committees as mere" lackeys to do its behests? 
•Truly, the government appears to be of the brewers, by the brewers, for the 
brewers. F. J. Amsden offered both of his offices and his clerks for the use and 
convenience of the delegates to the convention. 

H. II. Warner invited the members to visit the Warner Observatory and see stars. 

Walter Evans, commissioner of internal revenue, sent a very courteous declina- 
tion of the invitation to be present at the convention. He says: 

u I assure you of my best wishes for the success of your associa- 
tion, and beg you to extend to its officers and members my very high 
sense of the honor done me." 

Evidently Commissioner Evans has been brought to terms. 

RESOLUTIONS. 

u Whereas, The brewing industry of the United States is con- 
tinuously and bitterly assailed by temperance factions ; and 

Here follow several whereases, purporting to demonstrate that pauperism, crime, 
insanity, inebriety, etc., do not result from drinking fermented liquors. The warden 
of the penitentiary of King's County, N. Y., is made to say that " not five per 
cent, of the number of long term criminals can be said to have committed their 
offences in consequence, or by reason of, intoxication f . . . 'All of which 
goes to prove the falsehoods and fallacies of our enemies, it is therefore' 

"Resolved, That the members of this association combine their efforts for the 
purpose of refuting the untruthful statements and exaggerations of the opponents 
of the brewing industry ; and" . . . 

(Doubtless, the result of this " combine our efforts" will be to elect and appoint 
from the ranks of liquordom coroners, prison warden*, superintendents of insane 
and pauper institutions— in short, all officials dealing with our defective and 
criminal classes. Thus our public records, statistics, and official reports are to be 
suborned by the vat to support the vat. 

Our readers will hereafter understand the animus of all such pro-liquor reports, 
and estimate their utter worthlessness as correct data upon which to base socio- 
logical inquiry. When we reflect upon the importance of this matter and its 

10 * 



146 

bearing upon the future of the nation, and upon the co-operation of the press in 
diffusing throughout the land the brewers' lying statistics, we can but deplore 
its fatal prostitution to such criminal purposes. 

The editor of an influential journal ought to be a patriot and a gentleman in the 
exact meaning of those terms. Will a man of such characteristics lend a helping 
hand, even from partisan motives, to vitiate not only public morals, but also pub- 
lic records ?) 

" Whereas, Temperance politicians instigate and make use of 
such misrepresentations, etc. 

" Resolved, That in self-defence the United States Brewers' As- 
sociation is forced by its opponents to abandon the policy of politi- 
cal independence heretofore maintained as one of its principles, 
and to declare that as an organization we shall in future exert our 
influence in support of that political party which adopts and car- 
ries out an unprejudiced, rational, discriminating, and tolerant 
policy in the legal treatment of our business, and in dealing with the 
problem of intemperance, in the true sense of this much abused word," 

(Here's richness. Keader, please turn back to the resolutions passed at each 
and every convention held by the brewers if you wish to appreciate at its full 
value this latest contortion.) 

"The Committee on Literary Bureau Keport : 
" That they have examined the work done during the past year by 
the bureau and have found it to be of great value to our trade. The 
book entitled 'Real and Imaginary Effects of Intemperance . . . 
has been most favorably commented upon by the press of this coun- 
try, especially by the great journals of New York and by a number 
<of professional men cf national reputation. We recommend that 
$5,000 be appropriated for the purpose of having printed 50,000 
copies of said booh, the same to be distributed over the entire country 
.under the supervision of the publication committee, and in such man- 
ner as will most effectively answer the purpose of such publication.'"' 

Query : Is there a temperance man, woman, or organization in the country who 
will give $5,000 for the purpose of having printed 50,000 copies of this exposure 
of the machinations of the brewers to falsify statistics and other public records ? 

Query No. 2. Will the press of this country, " especially the great journals of 
New York, and a number of professional men of national reputation, comment 
most favorably on the expose?" We shall see. 

Mr. Henry Clausen, Jr., chairman" of the Publication Committee? 
said: . . . ""The very favorable manner in which the work re- 
cently published by out association was commented on by the press 
of the United States has convinced the members of the committee 
that the book should be given the widest circulation possible, as it is 
sure to prove a most effective campaign document for the protection 
of our industrial interests." 

(Thus, every channel of our national life must be polluted for the benefit of "the 
trade." Is there in the history of the world a record of a more conscienceless 
organization of men for money getting than is that of the brewers in this country?) 

Mr. C. reiterates the statement that insanity and pauperism are 
not caused by alcohol, and says : " So I might continue for hours 
and hours, enumerating the many fallacies which the pamphlet in 



147 

question is intended to explode in reference to the liquor traffic in 
general, and to the brewing trade in particular. I know that it will 
be of great benefit to our association to distribute this work freely 
among legislators, clergymen, and among prominent people, be they 
for us or against us. For this purpose we must have thousands of 
copies — we have already received orders for more than twenty thou- 
sand of them, and the appropriation necessary for the accomplish- 
ment of our plan will be at least So, 000." 

The money for the book icas appropriated, as also the usual $5,000 for the general 
use of the publication committee. 

Petitions of brewers in Michigan, Kansas, Iowa, and Colorado for financial aid 
were referred to the Board of Trustees, with full power to act thereon. 

A committee of three was appointed to carry into execution the erection of a 
statue to Mr. Fred. Lauer, deceased since last convention. An exhibition of beer 
at the New Orleans World's Exhibition, 1884, 1885, was advised. 

A vote of thanks to Carter Harrison was passed without a dissenting voice, be- 
cause " he has not only spoken in our behalf, but he has had the moral courage (?) 
to act in favor of personal liberty in the face of a most venomous opposition, &e." 

As we all know the condition of Chicago under Mr. Harrison's rule, we have 
valued the crop garnered from the seeds of "personal liberty,'' so-called, sowed by 
that gentleman and his co-workers. 

The salary of Mr. Louis Schade as attorney for the association was increased 
from §1,500, hitherto given, to 82,000 per annum for the future. 

Mr. Henry Clausen, Jr., offered a resolution to empower and 
direct the Board of Trustees to levy a special assessment upon the 
members, equal to the amount of dues. He said: "We may need 
more money ; for if we find that our colleagues in the West, or in 
the East, or anywhere, are hampered in their struggle for the com- 
mon cause, we shall willingly procure aid for them or extend it 
ourselves, as the case may require, in order to enable them to 
continue fighting on a basis of justice, freedom, tolerance, (!) and 
humanity." (Great applause.) 

Our dictionaries must be revised as to the meaning of words if we expect to 
understand the language of the mash-tub. 

Mr. Henry Clausen, Jr., of New York, was elected Chairman of the Publication 
Committee; 'William A. Miles, New York, Secretary; Henry Reuter, Boston, Mass., 
Joseph Liebmann, Brooklvn, N. Y., Ellis Wainwright, St. Louis, Mo., associates. 

New York City was selected as the place for the next Convention (the Twenty- 
fifth of the Association), on the third Wednesday of May, 1885. 

With the usual vote of thanks to the press, also, one to the Mayor of the City 
"for the kind words of welcome with which he greeted the delegates," the Con- 
vention adjourned. 

There is no record of this welcome, and this is the first time that the Mayors 
name appears in the report of the Convention, unless Mr. Oothout, President of 
the local Brewers' Association, be the Mayor of Rochester. ^ 

Au revoir, O most truthful, courteous, conscientious, patriotic 
disinterested, and honorable brewers! Not temperance, but the 
prohibition of all alcoholic beverages is in polities to stay so ^ long 
as man needs the protection of law from cupidity and animalism. 
The supreme law op human progress has decreed the down- 
fall op the Liquor Traffic. The Prohibition Party is only 
the agent to execute that mandate. 

"There is no armour against fate." 



148 

25th ANNUAL CONVENTION OF THE U. S. B. ASSOCIATION. 
New York City, May 20 and 21, 1885. 

In the absence of the Mayor the convention was called to order 
by Mr. Wm. A. Miles, who said in his address of welcome : 

"About twenty-three years ago there was held in this city what 
was then called a Brewers' Congress. Thirty-four firms were pres- 
ent from the five States of Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, 
Maryland, and Pennsylvania. To-day we meet with a membership 
of over 700, representing 36 States and Territories. . . . From 
Massachusetts to California, from Dakota to Delaware, from New 
Hampshire to New Mexico our bond of membership extends/ ' . . . 

President Scharrnann, opening proceedings, said : 

" During the past year the activity of your association has been un- 
ually great, and its results are in every way gratifying. . . Among 
the labors none, I think, deserve more praise than the achieve- 
ments of your Publication Committee. The book published 'On the 
Real and Imaginary effects of Intemperance 9 is now supplemented by 
a work on 4 The Spirit and Effect of the Liquor Laws of our Country. * 
. . These labors have been productive of incalculable advantage to our 
interests and to the cause of true temperance ( ? ). . . Your Publica- 
tion Committee should be assured that they can depend upon the 
co-operation of every member of the association, no matter in what 
manner his services may be required. . . The duties of your Liter- 
ary Bureau have been multiplied ten-fold during the past year, . . 
and the manager of that office has found it necessary to work night 
and day, Sundays included, in order to complete within three months 
a work that, under ordinary circumstances, would have required at 
least a half year's labor. . . Under no circumstances should your 
association permit a departure from the course hitherto pursued. 
We are moving onward in the right path. . . You must be prepared 
not only to refute falsehoods, but also to defend the truth." 

He then quotes Dr. Sturdevant, director of the New York Agricultural Station, 
at Geneva, N. Y., on the value of brewed grains as food for milch cows. Dr. S. f 
referring to his experiments, says: 

''The conclusion must, therefore, be that, so far as this trial indicates, brewers' 
grains are a healthy and valuable food for milch cows, but that allowing them to 
become putrid is a mistake, as preventing the full feeding of the animal, and thus 
being counter to economy. The trial also indicates very strongly that the putrid- 
ity of the feed was neither, injurious to the cows, otherwise than as stated, nor 
injurious to the quality of the milk for human consumption." 

Think of that, mothers! Putrid brewers' grains (the adjective is not mis- 
placed) a fit food for milch cows! Babies also, with far less precious possessions, 
must be sacrificed upon the altar of Gambrinus, the Moloch of the Nineteenth 
century. In juxtaposition with Dr. Sturdevant's opinion I place that of D. H. 
Beckwith, M. D., of Cleveland, Ohio, member of State Board of Health. 

"The feeding of brewer's grains, for instance, to cattle is highly pernicious, as 
may be easily shown by comparing the milk from cows fed on that stuff with that 
made from natural, wholesome food. I have no doubt but that t» ndencies toward 
the use of intoxicating drink in the man may be often attributed to the use of 
milk taken in infancy from cows drunken on brewer's grains " 

Who shall decide, when doctors disagree ? If we know the effect upon the in- 
fant of the mother's milk, it cannot be difficult to understand that the milk of a 



149 

cow fed upon putridity must be deleterious. The opinions of eminent physicians on 
this subject could be cited, but space forbids. 

President S., referring to their opposition to a Commission of In- 
quiry, again declares that it is solely ''because they fear a perversion 
of the truth." 

(Their whole course in this matter proves the falsity of this plea.) 

Report of the board of trustees : "Your trustees deemed 
it expedient to give the Publication Committee full power to act in 
accordance with the exigencies of our interests. . . The results of 
this action — too well known to every brewer to need elucidation, 
either here or elsewhere — will never be regretted. . . Your assso- 
ciation is on very friendly terms with all the brewer's organizations 
of foreign countries." . . "Our colleagues across the Canadian 
border have repeatedly applied to us for such material as may be of 
service to them in their struggle against the prohibitory movement. 
. . It is contemplated to open regular correspondence with all 
foreign brewers' unions, and, if possible, to create a system of in- 
ternational co-operation in matters of common interest. The exe- 
cution of this plan depends to a great extent upon the proposed 
enlargement of your Literary Bureau." . . The result of efforts 
to increase the membership of the association was in the main very 
gratifying and encouraging." 

All kindred trades are to be affiliated, if possible, with the Brewers' Association. 
$2,000 were appropriated to test the constitutionality of Kansas' prohibitory law, 
and to defray the " legal expenses growing out of the proposed attempt of re-sub- 
mitting the prohibitory amendment to a popular vote." 

The local association in Detroit, Michigan, succeeded in their efforts against 
temperance legislation without pecuniary aid from the parent body. 

Amending the Internal Revenue Law in the matter of pro- 
tecting brewer's casks was postponed because the trustees found 
" it would be useless to again attempt to convince the then Com- 
missioner of Internal Revenue (Evans) of the importance of the 
measure, and the justice of our request. The proposition was thor- 
oughly discussed at a meeting of your Board, held on the 19th of 
December, 1884, and it was then resolved to await a more favorable 
opportunity for re-submitting the amendments to the department." 

(" Good-bye, Evans! Your very polite letter to the convention in Rochester will 
not save your head.) 

"The Kansas test case, now pending before the Supreme Court 
of the United States, is progressing slowly, but very satisfactorily, 
and your trustees hope soon to be able to render a more detailed and 

favorable report." 

The trustees declare that "any bona fide attempt to have the liquor traffic, in all 
its bearings, investigated by impartial and able men, will be strongly supported 
by this association. " Investigations to be conducted by biased persons," 

(Like yourselves, for instance.) 

4C who, besides, are inspired by evil motives, 

(As per mash-tub declaration.) 
4 * Would not answer any legitimate purpose. 

(As might be said of the brewed statistics of your Publication Committee.) 



150 

"A commission of this character to be equal to its task should be 

composed of physicians, familiar with the question of alcoholism ; of 

economists, familiar with the conditions and needs of the people ; 

and of moralists and philosophers, who are not inviolably pledged to 

preconceived ideas and ideal theories." 

No prohibitionist desires a partial or biased Commission. All that is wanted 
or needed is the naked truth. Moreover, the President of the United States would 
have the appointment of the members of the Commission, and we have not now, 
nor have had since this question has been mooted, a President committed to the 
temperance cause. Certainly, President Grant could not be considered a "fanatic" 
on this subject, since it was during his administration that the great whiskey frauds, 
in which the i{ Sylph' 7 from the White House figured so conspicuously, were, not 
exactly ventilated, but, collapsed. True, the wife of his successor, Mr. Hayes, 
was quite a " fanatic/' but the head of the White House, the President, was counted 
in, if not elected, by some of the strongest pro-liquor men in Congress, and it is 
not at all supposable that he would or could, under the circumstances, go back on 
his supporters. President Garfield did not live long enough to make any demon- 
stration, albeit he was the candidate of a liquor license party, and was elected 
mainly by the German, which is emphatically the beer, vote. Had he lived beer 
had no fear of him. His successor, Mr. Arthur, was so pro-liquor that the White 
House, during the .four years of his occupancy, was better stocked with alcoholics 
than any saloon in Washington. The present incumbent, Mr. Cleveland, would 
resent as an insult the charge of u fanaticism" or "ideal theories." So, what have 
you to fear, gentlemen of the mash-tub? Honestly, now; don't you think your 
excuses savor rather strongly of hypocrisy and mendacity? 

" Prohibitory Legislation." 
Under this caption the Trustees say: " The conviction that pro- 
hibition promotes inebriety is rapidly gaining ground, and your board 
board knows no better proof of this than Gen. Neal Dow's recent 
statement to the effect that ardent liquors are to-day causing more 
misery in the State of Maine than ever before." 
Just two corrections to the above 

1. Neal Dow never said " ardent liquors," for he, as every well-informed critic, 
can make no discrimination between intoxicating beverages^ they all cause misery. 

2. Neal Dow, nor any other well-informed observer outside of liquordom, be- 
lieves, says, or hints that "prohibition promotes inebriety." That's an absurd and 
unmitigated lie. What Neal Dow knows and says is that the non-enforcement of ' 
prohibitory liquor laws by officials of liquor license political parties, because they 
are each contesting for liquor's vote, causes the misery and trouble that exist in 
Maine on liquor's score. 

Prohibition is, and must be, largely a failure where not supported by the appli- 
ances of a political party in full sympathy with the law and its underlying prin- 
ciple. A prohibitory liquor law, above all other laws, needs the moral support 
and strength of a well-organized political party if it is to be anything better than 
a failure. The cause is self evident. Liquor's contempt and defiance of all laws 
that touch it has generated a demoralization that only firm, persistent, and, above 
all, impartial resistance can overcome. No political party needing or contesting 
for liquor's vote can be expected to cope with the evil thing. It sticks to and 
defiles all who tamper with it. " Leave all hope behind" is its fittting motto. 
Ours must be " no compromise with hell or despair." 

The trustees continue : "It is not to be inferred from this fact that 
prohibitionists will cease agitating the question ; (You bet !) on the con- 
trary ... it is manifest that, after politically effecting a change of 
front, they will return to the attack with redoubled vigor. The change 
of front referred to involves a secession from the republican party/ 

(This "secession," so called, interpreted by Republican lexicographers, means the 






151 

Prohibition annex to the Democratic party. We expect to annex the decent 
membership of both old parties and thus leave liquor alone in its shame. But the 
gentlemen of the mash-tub are far behind the times in this statement. The " .reces- 
sion from the republican party" took place in 1869.) 

u it being a fixed tactical principle of our opponents to attach them- 
selves to the party in power. 

O, the romance of the mash-tub ! Evidently these reporters are not vet aware 
of the great cloud of witnesses, called u cranks," who, with their ominouslv in- 
creasing vote, are rapidly moving on the works of the vat and the still. But is it 
not this banshee of the brewery that started the wail at the republican wake? 

% * The local movements for and against prohibition do not call for 
special comment. In the States of Iowa and Kansas the prohibit- 
ory law produces results strikingly like those reported from the 
older prohibition States. . . . According to the reports of the 
Mayors of the principal cities of Iowa, prohibition is as complete a 
failure there as everywhere." 

'What has the republican party in Iowa to say to this statement ? Is it a libel 
against that party?) 

The trustees " insist on a complete separation of the two kinds 
of liquors, and upon such fiscal discriminations in favor of the- 
milder beverages as are at present effected by the Federal laws.'* 
. . . l Nb more need be said to outline what has been and must 
henceforth be the course of your association ." The trustees also 
declare that the U. S. B. A. is not to be held responsible for the 
editorials of the Washington Sentinel and other organs on matters 
not connected with the brewing industry." 

6 hade is a Democrat, and he does not handle the Republican party with gloves. 
Inasmuch as the majority of the brewers in the country are republicans, they 
object to his treatment of their party, and say : " He frequently comments on 
matters foreign to our trade, in a manner which does not represent the views of 
a majority of this body." Hence the above declaration.) 

REPORT OF THE PUBLICATION COMMITTEE. 

"Your Committee has, during the past year, continued to elucidate the liquor 
question from a statistical as well as historical point of view, with special refer- 
ence to matters pertaining to the use of fermented beverages. To the statistical 
treatise on Real and Imaginary Effects of Intemperance, now is added a volume of 
two hundred and sixty pages on the Spirit and Effect of the Liquor Laws of the 
United States, which will be followed by a work on the Spirit and Effect of the 
Laus paused by the legislatures of the various states. Of the former work, the 
second edition, embracing 25,000 copies, was given as wide a circulation as circum- 
stances permitted ; your committee mav safely say that it fully answered the pur- 
poses for which it was designed. The most influential journals in the land have 
devoted considerable space to detailed and, for the most part, favorable reviews of 
our statistical exhibits, and in medical circles the conclusions based upon these 
statistics aroused great interest.'' . . . "The Psychological Journal of July. 
1884, whose editor, Dr. Parrish, is a recognized authority on the subject of a 
holism, devoted three separate articles — occupying thirty-four pages — to the dis- 
cussion of the essay, the essence of the editor's opinion being that the showing, as 
published, is in all conceivable aspects a valuable contribution to the literature on 
a subject heretofore treated rather superficially." 

Isn't it a rather anomalous proceeding when "medical circles" base their i 
elusions of the effects of fermented beverages upon brewers' statistics and St 
ments made for the express purpose of booming their product and profits ? 



152 

Wouldn't original investigations and reports thereon made solely in reference 
to medical science furnish more reliable data to the profession having charge of 
the health and life of the people? 

"The report gathers the experience of Europe on the liquor 
question, beginning with Switzerland, where drunkenness has become 

so alarming that the government instituted an investigation 

(Just what the American people have so long vainly petitioned their government 

to grant, but what the German and other foreign liquor dealers have frustrated) 

through its Statistical Bureau in order to determine what measures the 
Republic should adopt to minimize the evil effects of inebriety upon 
the mind and body of man, and to restrict the use of ardent spirits." 

Who does not know that wine was recommended as a specific remedy for drunk- 
enness. Almost every tourist, especially if he happened to be a wine bibber, expatiated 
in glowing terms upon the sobriety and general weal of the people of wine pro- 
ducing and wine consuming countries. Switzerland was a favorite example, and 
now we find that Republic casting about for ways and means "to minimize the 
evil effects of inebriety. Evidently, the wine devil, instead of casting out, called 
the whiskey devil to his aid. 

Satan cannot cast out Satan. 

But does not this emphasize the truth of the prohibition gospel ? Total absti- 
nence for the individual and for the state, from all alcoholics, whether for beverage 
or for revenue. 

" Switzerland's Statistical Bureau educed from its inquiries into 
the laws and experiences of thirteen civilized (certainly not enlight- 
ened) countries, whose governments have taken cognizance of the 
drink question, and examined the moral, social, and material con- 
dition of the various nations with reference to the subject, the fol- 
lowing general principles : 

" Taxation ranks foremost among the measures to restrict the 
excessive use of ardent spirits.'' 

" The tax to be at as high a rate as is compatible with revenue 
considerations having reference to its collection." 

(That plan has been tried for a quarter of a century in this country. Whiskey 
is taxed 90 cents per gallon, and under this system the whiskey trade has 
flourished, waxed fat and strong.) 

The report adds : " This general principle (high tax) will rarely 
need modification on account of the industrial and agricultural in- 
terests involved, as it may be assumed that, as a rule, such taxes 
will virtually have to be borne by the consumers." 

That's the music, friends ! Liquor dealers boast of the enormous taxes they 
pay, and of the importance of "the trade" to the Government for revenue pur- 
poses ; whereas, the truth is they pay not one cent of this tax. It is all paid by the 
consumers of their product. So far from taxation being any burden upon the 
trade," it is the "open sesame" to its prosperity. Under this pretense of tax on 
liquor, every cent of which comes out of the pockets of its drinkers, "the trade" 
is protected by the Government as is no other trade in the land. Let the people 
think well on this phase of the liquor issue, and they will soon conclude that such 
retroactive taxes are too heavy a burden upon them to be longer patiently borne. 
And let the men of this Kepublic remember that these millions upon millions of 



153 

dollars annually poured into the Government's treasury by the hand of the liquor 
dealers is the spoliation of women and children! Thrice accursed revenue! 
Your licensed saloon, through which the still and the vat reach the public, besides its 
Other manifold diabolism, not only robs wife and children of husband's and father's 
love and support, but it also makes the wife and mother support the family, and 
often the drinking husband, on the half-wages given to woman ; and as if this 
were not a sufficient tariff upon womanhood, she has to foot the bill for the license 
and tax apparently imposed upon the liquor dealers. 
u O shame, where is thy blush ?" 

Switzerland's statisticians continue: " But a tax upon ardent 
spirits alone will not accomplish the desired object; in order to be 
fully effective, it must be followed by a systematic diminution and 
the ultimate abolition of taxes upon wholesome beverages.' 

Prohibition of product and taxes would be the honest and common sense 
remedy. See pages 5 and 6 as to President Dubbs' opinion of America seeking 
knowledge from Europe. 

Switzerland's statistical bureau further says : "In the course of 
our investigation we have not found any data warranting the assump- 
tion — now become almost a dogma in many places — that the reduc- 
tion of the number of drinking-places tends to restrict the con- 
sumption of ardent spirits." 
(What do you say to this blow at your stock argument, high-licensers?) 

" GREAT BRITAIN 

has the highest rate of tax upon ardent spirits. Since 1862 it 
amounts to 10 shillings per gallon, . . and inasmuch as the state 
is constrained to expend half of the income from this source for the 
prevention or reparation of the evils growing out of intemperance, 
it is generally assumed that the rate of these taxes should be as high 
as it can possibly be made, etc." 

(What a perversion of language to call this statesmanship ! Machiavelism were 
a far apter designation.) 

" In addition to purely fiscal considerations, the British Govern- 
ment has, since 1828, been guided in this matter by a desire to curb 
the tendency of excessive indulgence by enhancing the price of 
ardent spirits through taxation." 

And, just here, the British Government betrays its dense ignorance of the 
nature of the alcoholic appetite. One would think that the experience and 
lessons of Robert Burns ought to have taught British legislators something in 
this line. If they care to legislate intelligently for the people, they will at least 
try to learn something of the physiological action of alcoholics. The writings of 
Dr. Benjamin Richardson, and those of Sir Henry Thompson, both of England, 
are suggested as channels of information. 

The Report continues : "From the report of the select com- 
mittee of the House of Lords on intemperance, it appears that 
through recent enactments the worst classes of drinking resorts 
have been suppressed, and the character of the retailers' business 
Jias in general been raised to a higher level (?). Noturtihstimdmg 
this, there are no evidences of a positive diminution of drunk 

WILE HIGH-LICENSERS PLEASE MAKE A NOTE OF Til 

N. B. — England has for ages been a beer drinking country. If the brewer* 



154 

declaration that beer ousts ardent spirits be true, how comes it that the consump- 
tion of ardent spirits in that country is so great as to invoke the aid of govern- 
ment for restraint? The British license system favor? malt liquors. 

"THE GERMAN EMPIRE. 

w * In northern Germany the well-to-do purchase spirits by the 
barrel, to consume at home, instead of as formerly in public drink- 
ing places. . . . It is no longer a rarity to see drunken brides 
and bridegrooms at weddings, intoxicated pall-bearers at funerals, 
and besotted sponsors at baptisms." 

u In Bavaria, Wurtemburg, and Baden . . the general use of beer 
and wine excludes to a great extent the consumption of ardent spirits.' ' 

Nevertheless, in 1881 Bavaria, the head centre of beer, had 4,887 distilleries. 
In 1884 her population was 5,284,778. This is worse than the United States,^ 
which, with a population of 55,000,000, had in 1885 only 5,613 legal distilleries. 
However, it is the capacity and production of distilleries not the number that is 
to be considered. This report of Switzerland's Statistical Bureau passes in review, 
besides the countries named : Austro-Hungary, France, Belgium, Netherlands, 
Denmark, and Norway. In each and all is the same woeful story. Each govern- 
ment essaying by compromise measures to stay the onward march of the great de- 
stroyer of its people and their morals, to say nothing of its minor evils. The gist 
of the whole report is, that high taxation of spirits with low taxation of fermented 
liquors will minimize the evil ! 

It is useless to quote further. We know from experience all about the liquor 
question. We have tried the various palliative methods, moral and legal, in all 
their phases, and, as a result of all these experiences, have learned that the best 
way to curtail the evil is — "to cut that dog's tail off just behind his ears." 

It may not be amiss to state here, in proof of the brewers' claims for the virtues and 
benedictions of beer, that, in Bavaria, in 1884, the illegitimate births in the cities 
were 22 per cent., and in the country districts 12 per cent, of the entire number. 

The Brewers' Literary Bureau have used this foreign report to fight for 
intoxicants in America. The man or woman who can be influenced by it against 
prohibition must be quite uninstructed, not only upon the temperance issue, but 
upon general topics. . . . All who have studied the physiological action of 
alcohol, by observation or experiment, or by the writings of eminent physicians 
and chemists, know that use begets abuse ; that the alcoholic appetite once ac- 
quired craves more and stronger doses ; that wine and beer are introductory to 
whiskey & Co. ; that the only safe course is, as has been said, total, abstinence 
for individual and state. 

"Report of the Attorney of the Association. 
" The bill introduced by Hon. W. R. Morrison in the first session 
of the Forty-eighth Congress, abolishing the brewers' bond, and 
which was prepared at your request, having met with opposition 
on the part of the Internal Revenue Department, . . I suc- 
ceeded in effecting a sort of compromise. . . To facilitate 
matters, the bill was drawn by the law officer of the department, 
and, after receiving your sanction, introduced by Hon. Mr. Fiedler, 
of New Jersey. . . Had there been more time allotted during 
the last session of Congress to matters outside the appropriation 
bUls, there is not the least doubt that the bill would now be a law. 
It will surely pass next Congress" 



155 

Mr. Schade then reports that while beer is persecuted in Iowa, 
whiskey has the right of way. " The International Distilling Com- 
pany, at Des Moines, the capital of the State, does an immense 
business, right under the shadow of the capitol, at which the pro- 
hibition law was enacted a short time ago." 

Patience, brother Schade ! The distillery will soon join the brewery in the 
place where the wicked cease from troubling, and the weary are at rest. The 
winding sheet of the liquor traffic in Iowa is surely woven, but that institution 
dies hard." 

The Advisory Committee Reports: w - Although a great many 
false statements concerning adulterations of malt liquors have been 
published by authors of text-books on physiology for use in public 
schools, the public press, your committee is glad to say, lias not, 
during the past year, given currency to such statements, so often 
disproved by chemical analysis. (?) In future your committee will 
elosely watch such publications, and endeavor, by legal means, to 
protect the fair name of the brewing trade.*' (!) It should not be 
necessary to state that competition compels the brewers of the United 
States to use the very best materials, etc." 

Competition is no protection for the consumers of any article of drink or food. 
Adulteration is the order of the day. The love of money is the root of many 
evils besides that of beer brewing. 

The Lauer memorial committee report : " The monument — a life-sized statute — 
has been erected in the City Park of Reading, Pa., upon a site generously donated 
by the municipal authorities of that city. The unveiling ceremonies will be 
participated in by the mayor, common council, and a number of private and pub- 
lic associations and bodies of the city. . . The contributions exceeded by a con- 
siderable sum the cost, a little over $4,000." Financial statement showed, total 
assetts of the association, Juxe 26, 1885, $32,224.74. Membership, 739. 

" The commissioner of public charities and corrections invited rtie 

brewers to visit public institutions." 

| Those are the places for liquor dealers to visit.) 

Ten thousand dollars were appropriated to the publication commit- 
tee in order to increase its efficiency, it having proved that "the inter- 
ests of the brewing industry eannot be more effectually secured than by 
the dissemination of just such knowledge as isnoiv being brought within 
the reach of the thinking through the efforts of this committee" 

Mr. Henry Clausen, Jr., of New York, addressed the convention in a speech 
occupying about twenty printed pages of the report of its proceedings. There is 
nothing new in it, being merely a rehash of liquordom's opposition to prohibition. 
The same old lies are reiterated until even an atheist must be convinced that im- 
mortality is a truth. A lusty lie like the liquor appetite, once hatched, descends 
from father to son to curse future generations. 

He touches upon the rise and development of brewing in this country, and 
attributes the slow formation of the beer habit among Americans to first, "their 
love of the ardent," and "injudicious legislation," by which "distillation was* 
thoroughly protected against foreign competition, and entirely unrestricted within 
the United States," which rendered whiskey so cheap that no other alcoholic 
beverage could compete with it. Inasmuch as beer was also "protected and en- 
couraged" by the laws, why didn't it oust whiskey if it has that power as claimed 



156 

by the brewers ? The true explanation of the tardy development of the beer 
appetite among Americans would seem to be the physiological fact that " the at- 
traction of alcohol for itself being cumulative, the appetite instead of receding to 
weaker doses craves more and stronger. But the second, third, and fourth genera- 
tions of those whiskey drinkers inheriting the alcoholic appetite, begin with beer, 
and as population increases, our increasing army of beginners increases the flood of 
'beer. Also, the influx of German immigrants would inevitably augment the 
production and consumption of beer. 

According to Mr. Clausen, the grand boost to beer was given by the fiscal policy 
of the Government's high tax on whiskey and low tax on malt liquors. He says: 

"All of our success . . is due to the present system of 

Internal Revenue. The creation of the national system of Internal 
{infernal) Revenue and the organization of the brewers^ association^ 
bear to each other the relation of cause and effect" (See page 5.) 

" From the beginning the motives (self-protection and patriotism !) 
of the association were so well understood at Washington that little 
difficulty ivas encountered in bringing about such modifications of 
the laws and regulations governing the revenue service, as justice 
and equity seemed to exact ; and so marked was the confidence re- 
posed in their rectitude and patriotism that, in many instances, their 
committees, charged to make known their wishes at the seat of gov- 
ernment, were informed that they needed no legal representative to 
obtain a prompt hearing." 

"I am his Highness' dog at Kew, 
Pray tell me, sir, whose dog are you ?" 

"In the Congress of the United States there appeared, from the 
very beginning {1862), a strong under-current of sympathy for the 
brewing trade, and your association could not fail to perceive that 
legislators looked upon brewing not as a source of revenue merely, 
but that they regarded it as a strong moral agency, well deserving 
of all the care which could legitimately be bestowed upon it" 
("Cold tea!") 

" The war had interrupted the prohibitory agitation ; the public 
was too much occupied with the greatest struggle of our century 
{afar greater is noiv upon us) to devote any thought to the schemes 
of visionaries." 

And, with the usual wisdom of the children of this world, liquor dealers took 
advantage of that absorbing time to organize against the peace and prosperity of 
the Xation ; and this dark and damnable conspiracy solely for protection of their 
trade, they have the effrontery to call " patriotism." 

" But as soon as peace was re-established the movement resumed 
its course. From your seventh annual convention (in 1867) to within 
a few years your activity was almost entirely monopolized by the 
devising of defensive measures against the onslaught of prohibition- 
ists, and the character of these methods redounds to your credit. 
You did not seek to corrupt politics, 
Chow about intimidation?) ; 
you did not organize vour workmen. 



157 

(see in the report of your board of trustees to the convention of 1884 as to the suc- 
cessful efforts to induce your workmen to apply for citizenship; 
customers, and your friends into a solid body to be used for political 
purposes ; 

(see Brother Clausen's remarks at the twenty-second convention, 1882, in Wash- 
ington, D. C, about brewers and their customers, taverns and public nouses, etc, 
Henry's memory is fatally treacherous.) 
you did not dictate to parties ; 

(see resolutions iterated and re-iterated at each convention) 
nor barter away your political independence to gain your ends." 

(As if your vote teas not always a contingent fee to parties and candidates for services, 
rendered. "First beer and then politick' has been your policy since the organization of 
your forces.) 

u Ii is, perhaps, one of the most singular phenomena in political 
life that, up to within a twelve-month, three-fourths of the bracers 
of this country were Republicans, in spite of the fact — as well 
known to any one acquainted with politics — that wherever prohibi- 
tion has become a law it was made so by the Republican party." 

How about Alabama? How about the prohibition laws enacted before the 
Eepublican party was born ? How about the struggle for prohibition in states 
strongly democratic? Also, the fact that three-fourths of the brewers and quite 
as many distillers are Republicans is easily explained. We shall see, Mr. Clausen. 
" In claiming that the drift of popular opinion is on their side, 
side, prohibitionists frequently refer to their successes at the ballot- 
box in Maine, Kansas, Iowa, and other States having prohibitory 
laws. The truth of the matter is that what thev claim as their 
success is simply the success of a party measure — a measure by 
which even the men ivho vote for it do not propose to be governed 
after it has become a law." (Ah !) 

Here, brother Clausen, is the explanation of u the most singular phenomena" 
to which you alluded. The Republican party has been trying to carry at the 
same time water on one shoulder and alcoholics on the other. ''To beat the 
Democrats," it was necessary to keep as large a portion of its temperance vote as 
possible ; hence the water in the form of fraudulent temperance legislation. To 
keep its quota* of liquor's vote from going over to the Democrats, non-enforcement 
of the law has been the dodge. Xone know this better than you, Henry Clausen, Jr., 
and that is the reason why the mash -tub has so long remained within the Eepub- 
lican party. Do you expect well-informed people who know the "self-protect 'on" 
that animates your association to believe for one moment that three-fourths of the 
brewers in this country would have remained in the Republican party if they had 
not sufficient a-surance of that protection ? 

Prohibitionists may be " fanatics," but they are not fools, gentlemen. 

"From statistics published by your Publication Committee in the 
pat year, it is manifest that the number of liquor licenses issued by 
the revenue collectors, in the State of Kansas, increased more rap- 
idly, and at a greater ratio, in counties where the majority of votes 
for prohibition was unusually large, than in counties where the 
friends of the law were iri the minority. This would seem to be a 
singularly inapt manifestation of popular approval, indeed !" 



158 

In the first place, "statistics published by your Publication Committee" — a 
•committee formed expressly to fight prohibition with the pen in the interests of 
the trade — are of rather dubious veracity. But, granting their trustworthiness, it 
is quite in the order of liquordom's usual tactics to try by these methods — i. e.> 
multiplying licenses in prohibition strongholds — to make it appear' that pro- 
hibitionists are hypocrites. Remember, brother Clausen that prohibition is yet 
at the mercy of its enemies. Both Republican and Democratic parties are pro- 
liquor license ; and these parties have control of affairs at Washington — appoint 
the collectors, make the rules and regulations, issue the reports, etc., etc. 

When the Prohibition party has achieved its triumph you will find that prohi- 
bition will be such a success that liquor will skedaddle to that bourne whence no 
traveller returns, faster than any corpse you ever saw. Again, if the brewers do 
not fear the " popular approval" of prohibition, why do they fight against the 
submission of the issue to the people ? 

Brother Clausen, Jr., progresses : " When you hear a Prohibitionist 
speak boastfully of the successes of his party, ask him these questions : ' ' 

"Why has Michigan abandoned her prohibitory law? 

Because the Republican party, " to beat the Democrats," hoped to win the latter's 
quota of liquor's vote thereby, and thus to strengthen and lengthen its own lines. 
Therefore, Judge Withey, a Republican politician, engineered that movement for 
liquor's cohorts. 

" Why has Massachusetts, after passing through a course of liquor 
legislation embracing all grades of inhibitory measures, finally re- 
nounced prohibition and returned to a license law?" 

For the same reason, brother. See "Alcohol and the State," by Judge Pitman, 
Associate Justice of the Superior Court of Massachusetts, for important and per- 
tinent data on this subject. 

"Why has Connecticut repudiated prohibition after a trial of 
eighteen years ?" 

Ask the managers of pro-license political parties who, in Connecticut as in all 
the States, Maine not excepted, are constantly tampering with pro-temperance 
laws in order to win liquor's vote, always and everywhere conditioned upon pro- 
liquor laws and action. If, in deference to a loudly-expressed wish of the people 
in any State a law favoring temperance is passed, it is as Mr. Clausen himself de- 
clares, " a measure by which even the men who vote for it do not propose to be 
governed after it has become a law" For this cause the Prohibition party has been 
organized, and is rapidly pushing both of the pro-liquor parties to the wall. In 
Connecticut the straight Prohibition vote is rapidly growing, and will soon be an 
eye opener to her pro-liquor politicians. 

"Why has Rhode Island repealed her prohibitory law twice, first 
returning to a license system, and then adopting local option?" 

Why has Rhode Island finally entrenched her "popular approval" of prohibi- 
tion within her constitution, safe from liquor's vandal hand? 

Mr. Clausen's catechetical explorations extend into Iowa but to be cyclonized. 
He then rages at Maine and Neal Dow as the sources of all liquordom's tribula- 
tions. Maine is a veritable red rag to the foaming, frothing bull of the brewery, 
and as for Gen. Neal Dow no toreador ever caused such pawing and bellowing and 
tossing of horns as does the mere mention of his name to the knights of the mash -tub 

Brother Clausen declares: " Besides, Maine is not a State that 

the average American need be proud of." "No progress at all 

within a great many years;" "decreased population;" "the most 



159 

pauper-ridden State in the Union." " Delirium tremens propor- 
tionately more frequent than in any other State, and her public 
morality compares unfavorably with that of States similarly situated." 
"If these be the fruits of prohibition — and I conscientiously believe 
they are — (His conscience must have gone on a vacation) what 
American would not wish that his own 'State may be spared these 
so-called blessings ? ' ' 

Brother C. declares : " That even the Emperor of Russia, the 
embodiment of the worst absolutism, the ruler of slaves, would not 
hazard his authority on the issue of a prohibitory decree." 

Like the Canadian opponents to vaccination, lie effervesces as "free" Ka 
looms upon his mental horizon. "Tyranny," "the last trace of personal liberty," 
the destruction of "every spark of manhood and liberty," are played upon until 
one can but recall the words of Thomas Carlyle, quoted so aptly by Judge Pitman 
in Alcohol and the State. 

" Xo man oppresses thee, O free and independent franchiser ! but does not this 
stupid pewter pot oppress thee ! Xo son of Adam can bid thee come or go ; but 
this absurd pot of heavy-wet can and does. Thou art the thrall not of Cedric 
the Saxon, but of thy own brutal appetites and this accursed dish of liquor. And 
thou pratest of thy 'liberty,' thou entire blockhead.'' 

By way of consolation to the listening brewers, friend Clausen 
triumphantly informs them that : 

" Last year's increase in our production amounted to thirty-nine 
million gallons. " The progress ( !) of the last twenty-three" years 
may be summed up in three brief statements : "In 1863 the Ameri- 
can (?) brewers produced 62.205,365 gallons of malt liquors : in 1884, 
588,951,189, and in 1885, over 600.000,000. 

And even this flood of beer does not satisfy the rapacity of the brewery! 
"There's millions in it!" The devil of cupidity once in possession of a human 
soul never vacates, except by preference, into hogs as a domicile. Add to the above 
beer bill the cost to the people of wine, brandy, whiskey, etc., and you can form 
some idea of the awful tribute in money exacted by the liquor lords from the 
people for the privilege of impoverishing and demoralizing them. 

All this immense quantity of liquor with its direct taxes, to say nothing of the 
indirect, — such as support of the defective, indigent, and criminal classes ; cost of 
prisons, trials, police, etc., almost ad infinitum, is paid for by the people, and, for 
the greater part, by the total abstainers. 

Mr. A. Schwarz, manager of the U. S. Brewers' Academy, 200-202 Worth 
street, New York, wrote to the convention offering two scholarships for applicants 
designated by the board of trustees. (Referred to the board of trustees for con- 
sideration.) Then "the question of agitating in favor of entirely separating the 
two interests (beer and whiskey ) came up for discussion." 

Mr. Scharmann having declined a re-election to the presidency of the associa- 
tion, Mr. "William A. Miles, of Xew York, was elected to succeed him in that 
office. The Publication Committee for the ensuing year is composed of Henry 
Clausen, Jr., chairman; Henry H. Reuter, Joseph Liebmann, Gottfried Kruger^ 
Robert Portner, associates. 

With the usual vote of thanks to the press, the convention adjourned to meet 
in the year 1886, at San Francisco, Cal. 

" Read, Mark. Learn, and Inwardly Digest." 



160 

26th ANNUAL CONVENTION OF THE U. S. B. ASSOCIATION. 
Niagara Falls, N. Y., Sept. 8th and 9th, 1886. 

Called to order and addressed by President William A. Miles. 

He explained the reasons for postponing the convention, and f or 
meeting at Niagara Falls, rather than in San Francisco, (too distal 
for the presence of a quorum,) as previously arranged, and congrat- 
ulated the association on the " prosperous condition of our trade/' 
Total production for fiscal year ending June 30, 1886, 642,038,923 
gallons. The imports of foreign beer for the year amounted to 
2,256,193 gallons. Exports for the same year, 233,941 gallons. 

President Miles says : " In this connection it is worthy of note 

that the efforts of the board of trustees to secure a drawback on 

imported materials (bottles, corks, tin foil, metal caps, hops, malt, 

and rice) used in the manufacture and bottling of ales and beers for 

export were attended with success ; and it is gratifying to be 

able to testify to a continuance of those kindly relations with the 

treasury and internal revenue departments which have always been 

a matter of pride to our association." 

Mr. Miles then enters upon the usual tirade against prohibition, because of its 
"failure" of course/ and says: 

u I believe that from various motives the people are studying this 
question more carefully than ever before, and now is our opportu- 
nity, through the instrumentality of our publication committee, to 
inform them of the facts ( t ) ' in the case as exhibited by the statistics , 
gathered both at home and abroad.' "It seems to me that our 
efforts in disseminating the truth (?) regarding the question of pro- 
hibition should be redoubled rather than relaxed.' ' 

The president recommended that inasmuch as brewers are so annoyed by suits 
for patents, " they unite and, by an agreement to share the expenses of a suit 
among the entire number interested, test the validity of claims made against 
them, rather than permit a decision against a brewer, unable or unwilling to stand 
the burden of a suit alone, to be used as a whip to compel them all to pay dam- 
ages" He then enters upon the labor question as affecting breweries. He says: 

4 'One would think that our trade might have been exempted from any trouble 
from this source, for the reason that the average wages of the employees of brew- 
eries are higher than those of almost any other industry. ..." I am inclined to 
believe that in the great majority of cases the employers take a personal interest 
in the welfare of their workmen, not always found to exist in manufacturing 
establishments. ... "In some sections, where all reasonable requests of the 
workingmen have been considered and complied with, but any attempts to inter- 
fere with the rights of the employers have been firmly resisted, very little trouble 
has been experienced; while in other sections, where the most arrogant demands 
of the Trades Unions and Knights of Labor have been submitted to, constant trouble 
and annoyance have followed, accompanied by the ever-prevailing threat of a strike 
or boycott. . . . " I would urge upon you, however, to remember that it is better 
to submit to present loss rather than to surrender one's rights and self-respect, for 
I am confident that any compact or agreement which works injustice to either 
party thereto, or which .has been entered into under compulsion on either side, 
cannot abide the test of time." 

(Query : From the demonstrations we have of the utterly selfish motives upon 
which "the trade" is conducted, what would probably be a brewer's idea of jus- 
tice and his rights weighed in the balance with the rights of his employees?) 

" We should not undertake a consideration of this question in any bitterness of 



161 

6pirit, but rather in a spirit of justice and equity, and with a full determination 
that, while the rights of others shall be fully respected, our own rights shall not 
be abridged or disregarded." . . . " I recommend that a special committee be 
appointed by this Convention to take into consideration this subject," etc., etc. 

Resolved, and unanimously adopted, that the present Convention be, and the 
same is, hereby designated as the 26th Convention, and clothed with all the powers 
belonging to the regular meetings of this association. 

Report of the board of trstees : . . . " The past fiscal 
year has been one of unusual interest to the brewing industry. 
Events of the highest importance have transpired, . . . yet it is 
to be remarked that your officers and committees were not called 
upon to put forth any extraordinary efforts. In fact, some of the 
more important events herein recorded are the fruits of labors per- 
formed in preceding years. After long periods of hard and inces- 
sant labor our association appears to be entering upon a season of 
harvest. It must not, however, be inferred from this that the days- 
of struggle are over. Much remains to be done in all conceivable 
directions, and the successes attained to recently being the out-come 
f persistent and protracted efforts, should indeed but serve as in- 
centives to an exercise of redoubled energy." 

"The status of prohibition in Kansas and iowa:" "You 
are aware that ever since the introduction of a prohibitory law in the 
State of Maine the friends of personal and industrial liberty (here's 
a new and attractive catchword added to the almost used up "per- 
sonal liberty") have opposed prohibition on the ground of its utter 
unconstitutionality. 

(Hadn't heard that before. "Failure," and " favoring distilled liquors" have 
hitherto been the grounds of your complaints against prohibitory liquor laws. 
However, as " unconstitutional'.ty" sounds so legal, you know, and, having nineteen 
letters, looks so German, you know, you are welcome to use it as a bung starter, 
if you choose.) 

"A decision of the Supreme Court of the United States, rendered 
in 1847, acknowledging the right of the States to restrain the liquor 
traffic, even to the point of entire suppression, imparted a new im- 
petus to the prohibitory propagandism, etc." 

" We need not enter into the details in regard to the Kansas test 
case, which, at the expense of this association, has for three years 
been, and is now, pending before the Supreme Court of the United 
States." . . . "But there is another case of later date, which 
calls for comment." 

" Our colleague, Mr. John Walruff, of Lawrence, Kansas, after 
consulting with your Board of Trustees, and obtaining from them 
the promise of pecuniary assistance, caused his case to be brought 
before the United States Circuit Conrt, in and for the District of 
Kansas, which tribunal, under date of January 21, 1886, filed a de- 
cision that will, we think, eventually calm the ardor of our enemies. 
This decision is in unison with that of 1857, in so far as it concedes 
to the States the right to ' absolutely prohibit the manufacture of 
beer;' but it goes far beyond it by clearly defining and establishing 
11 



162 

the obligation of the States to pay for the property rendered useless 
and practically valueless by such prohibition. The judge rendering 
the decision (Hon. J. D, Brewer) states the foundation question in 
Mr. WalrufFs case : 

" Under the Fourteenth Amendment (to the Federal Constitution) 
which forbids a State to deprive any person of life, liberty, or property 
without due process of law, the State is bound, according to Judge 
Brewer's decision, to pay the value of the property, from the use 
and enjoyment of which any citizen is debarred by reason of pro- 
hibitory legislation." He states literally : 

" All that I hold is that property within the meaning of that amendment in- 
cludes both the title and the right to use ; that where the right to use in a given 
way is vested in a citizen, it cannot be taken from him for the public good with- 
out compensation. Beyond any doubt the State can prohibit the defendant from 
continuing his business of brewing, but before it can do so it must pay the value 
of the property destroyed.'' 

(Let the South now send in its bills foi* slaves emancipated by Constitutional Amend- 
ment. Also, for its War Debt, etc., etc.) 

" Under this decision the State of Kansas would have to pay a 

large sum of money for property destroyed through prohibition (the 

breweries forced out of operation numbering about 125), and it is 

reasonable to assume that the tax-payers, upon whom falls the 

whole burden as thus created, will make every effort to evade the 

dangerous consequences of their dangerous experiment." 

Thought you said the prohibition amendment wasn't the work of the tax-payers 
— the people — that it was u only a party measure." But, gentlemen, inasmuch as 
the tax-payers, L e., the sober and industrious portion of the people bear the bur- 
den of your tax -imposing business in the support of all its sequents — prisons, 
police, paupers, criminals, courts, trials; widows, orphans, asylums; drunkards, 
insane, defectives, etc., they could far better afford to pay for the destruction 
of your demoralizing business than to allow you to continue to blight and blast 
and curse State and people. There are two sides to this compensation question. 

u The attorney general of the State of Kansas has already been 
instructed to appeal to the U. S. Supreme Court, and there is no 
telling what the next move will be in the event of a reversal of 
Judge Brewer's decision, for ivhich latter contingency there is no 
great likelihood, however. Whatever the immediate and farther 
consequences of this decision may be in Kansas, there can be no 
doubt it will have a salutary effect in all the States in which prohi- 
bition is sought to be forced upon the people." 

How you do double upon yourselves ! A moment ago you spoke of the tax-payers 
evading the consequences of their dangerous experiment, and now you say: "Pro- 
hibition is sought to be forced upon the people." You turn and twist like a corkscrew. 

" Under the contract made on behalf of Mr. Walruff, the liability 
assumed by the association amounts to $2,471, of which the sum of 
$671 has been paid." 

"A similar decision has been rendered in Iowa by U. S. Circuit 
Judge Love in the case of a saloon keeper of Muscatine. . . . 

" These two decisions, emanating from a judicial source second 
only to the very highest law court of the land, may be regarded as 



163 

a forecast of the fate of prohibitory laws, when properly tested as to 
their constitutionality." 

N. B. — The declarations of the Board of Trustees at the beo-in- 
ning of their report that " some of the more important events herein 
recorded are the fruits of labors performed in preceding years." 
Now, turn to pages 1 and 2, read what Mr. Lauer said in 1873, as 
to the election " even for Judges of the Supreme Court," etc., and the 
modus operandi of these decisions can be easily traced, fer it is not 
to be supposed that these wise children of this world have been 
any less watchful over appointive officials, before whom they knew 
their cases would eventually be tried, than over elective. Truly, 
they have lengthened their cords and strengthened their stakes. 
We know not what they may have accomplished in our Court of 
last resort. The temperance people for weary years lost precious 
time in petitions to liquor elected politicians, and playing temperance 
with pledges and other Murphy dodges, as children play come to 
see and keep house with broken crockery. Meanwhile liquordom 
was at real work, laying firm and deep in our political life, legisla- 
tive, executive, and judicial, the lasting foundations of the most de- 
structive business outside of hell. Now, friends, what are you going 
to do about it ? 

Iowa. — " For the brewers of Iowa your Board of Trustees appro- 
priated the sum of $3,500. . . . The status of prohibition in Iowa 
is easily explained. Having been made a party measure from the be- 
ginning, the prohibitory idea was never allowed to be considered or 
tested on its merits. The great majority of those who voted for it, 
year after year, gave themselves no concern either about its feasibility 
or its consequences. They argued that to vote for prohibition was 
to vote against the opposing political party, and that was a paramount 
consideration with them. ,, 

(Doesn't that argue that prohibition had "the popular approval ?" Party man- 
agers do not very often champion a losing, or even doubtful, issue.) 

"Political leaders and managers of a certain complexion (how 
careful not to mention party names !) committed themselves and their 
party to a vigorous support of the movement, in the hope of strength- 
ening their ranks and securing to themselves a continuance of power. 
The latter they have indeed accomplished, and their success in tins 
respect was also the success of prohibition ; but in the former object, 
viz.: strengthening their ranks, they failed pitiably. The former 
ponderous majority of their party, which at one time ranged between 
60,000 and 80,000 votes, dwindled down to a bare plurality of six 
or seven thousand." 

(Did that "ponderous majority" come from the still and the mash-tub? Alas, 
for the only true temperance party !) 



164 

"Still, they cling to the forlorn cause (?) which they have es- 
poused. . . It is no longer a secret, if it ever was one, that 
some of the more prominent and active supporters of the prohibitory 
law are pecuniarily interested in large whiskey distilleries, and it is 
equally well known that the object of these persons is to destroy the 
brewing industry, which they regard as an impediment to the develop- 
opment of the traffic they are obliged, for selfish reasons, to foster." 

(There, " prominent and active supporters of Iowa's prohibitory law," what do 
you say to that charge of your former supporters? Could revenge go farther?) 

The Trustees then expatiate in liquor's usual felicitous language 
on the " failure of prohibition in Iowa, as elsewhere." The Chicago 
Tribune of December 11, 1885, is quoted for proof. u At the 
Mayors' Convention, held at Des Moines, December, 1885, it was 
shown by official statistics (!) that the number of drinking-places in 
twenty cities of Iowa increased over 60 per cent." Before pro- 
hibition there were in these cities 837 saloons, while in the month 
of December last the total number of drinking-places was 1,315. 
"More drunkenness, greater social disorder, increased expendi- 
tures for the maintenance of public peace and security, and curtailed 
revenues — these are the results of prohibition in Iowa," etc., etc. 

What do you say to this, Republican officials of Iowa? Are these lies or libels ? 
If these charges are true, is there not a loud call for a Prohibition Party to nomi- 
nate and elect men to enforce the laws of the State? There is one charge, how- 
ever, that casts suspicion on all the others. The Tribune complains of " curtailed 
revenues," and, at the same time, asserts that before prohibition twenty cities 
enjoyed 837 saloons; after prohibition, only 1,315 ! Do not these 1,315 drinking- 
places pay a license? If not, why do not the brewers prosecute and close them? 
Chicago "Tribune it looks as if "you lie — under a mistake." 

The Board then enters a protest against "the folly" of "High 
License and Local Option:" "We are necessarily opposed to local 
option as well as to high license on general principles." 

(Of course ; the sale of your product must not be curtailed, no matter what the 
people want. While the law regulates the manufacture and sale of many other 
things necessary and beneficent, beer must always and everywhere have the right 
of way.) 

"Amending the Internal Eevenue Law." 

The brewers, ever since their organization, have been determined to effect a 
Federal and State discrimination between alcoholics in favor of their trade. The 
Trustees now inform the Convention of their progress in this line. At their 
request Hon. A. S. Hewitt, of New York, introduced a bill drawn by them, 
which they say "will no doubt be acted upon favorably in due timer Here is the 
substance of the bill : 

u Retail dealers in fermented liquors shall pay twenty dollars. 
Every person who sells or offers for sale fermented liquors, wine, 
and cider in less quantities than five gallons at one time, but who 
does not deal in spirituous liquors, shall be regarded as a retail 
dealer in fermented liquors" 

("Cider" ! Cider is a strong spirituous liquor, and will tangle a man's legs as 
quickly as will rot-gut whiskey. Jersey lightning is proverbial in that line. 



165 

"A Novel Suit Against Brewers." 

"There seems to be no end to the tribulations to which our trade is exposed 
through the narrow-mindedness of its enemies. During the pa-t year an appli- 
cation for aid was addressed to your Board by Messrs. Leisen & Henes, brewers 
of Menominee, Mich., who were indicted for desecrating the Sabbath by brewing 
on that day. They were convicted, and judgment was pronounci d against them. 
Assistance was asked of your Board to enable the applicants to appeal to a higher 
court of said State. Xo authority being vested i:i your trustees to expend m< 
for the defense of suits of this character, the application could not be 
yet your Board thought proper to inform Messrs. Leisen & llenes that an excep- 
tion from the rule might, and probably would, be made in their case if, after 
clearly establishing the fact that the work which they caused to be perform 
their establishment pertained to the process of brewing only, they succeeded in 
obtaining a legal opinion as to the feasibility of carrying their suit beyoi 
State courts for the purpose of making it a test case. For various - this 

Association has never taken a decided stand on the Sunday question, so far as 
selling of goods on the Sabbath is concerned. The matter is of a purely local 
character, and should be so treated. In the larger cities the selling of liquors 
during stated hours of the Sabbath appears to be almost a necessity, and very 
many excellent journals, noted for their deference to public opinion in relig 
matters (!!), as, for instance, the X. Y. Sun, strongly advocate such a departure 
from the puritanically rigid observance of the Lord's day. All the great cities 
of the European continent, and even of England, permit the sale of spirituous 
beverages on the Sabbath ; and it has been found there that public morality is 
furthered (?) by this liberal spirit, there being, on the whole, fewer arrests for drunk- 
enness, breaches of the peace, etc., than in localities where the workmen, debarred 
from any recreation whatever, indemnify themselves for the dreariness to which 
the closing law condemns them on Sunday by getting drunk on Saturday.*' 

(How pious and beneficial in the brewers to change the drunk day from Saturday 
to Sunday ! Great is Gambrinus, and beer is his profit !) 

"Some of the western cities of our country furnish similar evidence in favor 
of relaxing the orthodox Sunday observance." 

(Chicago, for instance ! Sunday and saloons are too convenient time and j 
for anarchistic "observance,"' such as bomb slaughter of police and all inter- 
meddlers with beer's harmless worship, to be surrendered for the ba<e purpoc 
rest and worshiping God.) 

" In rural districts the predominant feeling is firmly set I ion, 

and there it would be unwise to advocate it." 

(Not much profit for beer "in rural districts" ou any day. 

"It was this consideration that has heretofore actuated your association t«» l« 
this important matter in the hands of local organizations t«. be managed in 
accordance with existing exigencies." 

(How very generous ! The American people ought to be very grateful to i 
foreigners who, with so much sacrifice, leave their splendid bonus in fatherlnnd 
and cross the broad ocean, for the unselfish purpose of regulating Sabbath obf 
ance, manners and customs here, even in " rural districts," to accord irith 
European morality ! 

When will the American people teach these insolent Gambriniana their proper 
place and attitude in this country? Evidently, not until Americans assert their 
independence of political parties competing for the foreign liquor vote, wl 
sine qua non is the supremacy of the liquor traffic over Amen 
an 1 customs.) 



166 

" In the ca6e of Messrs. Leisen and Henes, however, there is quite a different 
element. For if the precedent established by the Menominee authorities were to 
find general favor ; if, in other words, the Sunday laws were to be construed so as 
to make punishable all labor performed on Sunday, the brewers might as well sus- 
pend operations. A brewery «in which work were to be entirely suspended on one 
day of the week, regularly, would in the long run swallow up the capital invested 
in it. Surely, if such a construction of the law is possible in any enlightened, 
community, it is time, we think, to adopt measures for common protection." 

Ah, mash-tubbers ! you're on the way to learn that 

" When sorrows come, they come not single spies, 
But in battalions !" 

LITERARY BUREAU AND ADVISORY COMMITTEE. 

" It has always been the object of your officers to bring about a 
union of all working forces of your association, and thereby secure 
unity of action in all outside affairs." . . 

" The first fruit of this informal consolidation is the publication 
of our pamphlet on alleged adulterations of malt liquors. The work 
was done by the advisory committee through the literary bureau, 
and the expenses of said publication and the distribution of official 
reports on beer examinations were paid out of funds appropriated 
for the publication committee." 

Prizes for essays for the information of the trade or for that of the public are 
suggested. 

Joint Report of the Vigilance and Publication Committees. 
" Printed and distributed during the past year ; 

10,000 copies of " The System of High Licenses," etc. 

15,000 copies of u Solution of Temperance Problem." 

10,000 copies of Mr. Clausen's Speech. 
4,000 copies of " Some Thoughts on the International Temperance Congress." 
5,000 copies of "The alleged Adulterations of Malt Liquors." 

"Simultaneously with the latter paper, 5,000 copies of the New 
York State Board of Health on the the examination of beers were 
distributed. A new edition of the Liquor Laws of the United 
States, comprising 2,000 copies, has also been printed." 
" There is a very brisk demand for your publications among physi- 
cians, lawyers, legislators, clergymen, and politicians, and, in very 
many instances, your books and pamphlets have been, and are being, 
used as text books in public debates and arguments before legislative 
committees. The reception which the press has accorded to these 
documents is very flattering, and justifies the belief that the labors 
of your literary bureau have not been fruitless." 

"Prohibition and Local Option in Southern States and Prohibition 

in Rhode Island." 

" During the past year many applications for documents have been 
received from persons living in Georgia and Virginia. From our 
correspondents in these States we learn that the success of the pro- 
hibitory movement is mainly due to a desire on the part of the ruling 
party (Democratic) to keep the colored population within certain, 
moral bounds. It is claimed that for an exclusively white population, 



167 

Southern Democrats would not dream of passing such laws. A dis- 
cussion of the question on the basis of personal and industrial liberty y 
was entirely impossible, because, as one of our correspondents writes, 
the advocates of the laws invariably answered all such arguments by 
claiming that these measures were intended to restrain only the 
" black man." Such logic is beyond our comprehension. To us it 
seems that the greater the depravity of a population, the greater 
also the need of control. Prohibition and local option do away with 
all control, leaving the liquor traffic practically as free as it would 
be in the absence of any laws on the subject, but far more dangerous 
to society, on account of the immorality inseparably connected with 
the constant recurrence of law breaking." 

And who stand at the head of the law-breaking class but saloonists? Who 
retail the wholesale production of the brewery and the still. Who more than the 
brewers, encourage law-breaking by constantly holding up to the evil-disposed 
the irresistible failure of all laws touching malt liquors. You oppose prohibition, 
local option, high license — all but laws that will favor the utmost expansion of 
"the trade/' There is no factory in the country that demands such exemptions 
and protection of laws as does the brewery for its products, wholesale, retail, ex- 
ported and imported ; and there is no factory that receives so much protection and en- 
couragement from the Federal government as does the brewery of curses to the Republic and 
its people. That "prohibition and local option do away with all control" demands 
better proof than a liquor dealer's assertion. Such statements are self-evident lies. 

"In the State or Rhode Island a prohibitroy law (Con- 
stitutional amendment) was enacted during the past year, much to 
the chagrin of some, and to the surprise of very many of its advo- 
cates. For years the prohibitory issue has been used in this State 
as a political lever for purposes entirely foreign to anything con- 
nected with temperance. It gave politicians a chance to play ' hide 
and seek' with certain classes of voters, and played no inconsiderable 
part in the financial exigencies of political campaigns. Neither 
party seriously contemplated the passage of such a law," etc. . . . 

(The usual charges of "failure," "increase of drunkenness, and sale of ardent 
spirits" are rehashed. It is tiresome to so often trot out these dilapidated old 
lies. They've been on the tramp so long that the people having learned their 
genealogy,* remand them to the care of their Father. Can't you give us Bomething 
fresh, dear friends of the mash-tub? Have mercy on the public tympanum.) 

"Your committee will cause the operation of the new law to be 
investigated ' on the spot' as soon as the increasing duties of void 
literary bureau w T ill permit." 

(Great stars and stripes! look out for another crop of "failures") 

" At the time when writing this your committee is unable to de- 
termine what measures may be required to meet the schemes of those 
prohibitionists who for years have endeavored to submit the liquor 
traffic to a Congressional investigation." 

(Wait, dear mashers, until the real, live prohibitionists take hold of this matter. 
You'll find tampering with them quite another thing than the 'alf-and-'alt's you've 
hitherto so easily scared. One aggressive prohibitionist is worth a hundred of the 
half-baked cakes, fly-blown and speckled, now on show in Congressional windows.) 



168 

" Your association would not, under any circumstances, object to 
such an investigation, if the commission, which is to be appointed 
to conduct it, would but be so constituted and instructed as to in- 
sure a fair and impartial judgment. We can afford to have the 
whole truth told, 

Which means if only the commission can be " constituted and instructed " in 
accordance with the profits of the still and the mash-tub. 

" When devils will their blackest sins put on 
They do suggest at first witli heavenly shows.'' 

(" The whole truth is told in thunder tones in all our institutions of punish- 
ment and charity by the tongue of their inmates. It is told by the daily, aye! 
hourly, tide of obscenity, depravity, and crime that rushes upon society from the 
■doors of the hundreds of thousands of dram-shops that pollute and despoil the 
republic/') 

but we will not tamely submit to an attempt to put an official 
seal upon the many falsehoods concocted by prohibitionists." 

(The distilleries, breweries, and their dram-shop troughs will not share the honor 
of "the official seal" with anything as weak as water.) 

" Our actions in this matter necessarily depend upon future con- 
tingencies ; 

(Well, gentlemen, get ready for the stiffest work you ever did, for live prohibi- 
tionists are on the war-path, and it will be safer for you to play base ball with 
bombs than to trifle with people so earnest and persistent as are the prohibs. 

whatever these may be, we doubt not that truth will be tri- 
umphant in the end." 

(You'd better believe it will, and regulate your action accordingly.) 

" The expenditures for the past year were less than we anticipated 
. . . the expenses for the ensuing year will not exceed $6,500, etc." 
The report of the Association's Attorney, informs the brewers that, 

Through the assistance of Hon. Wm. R. Morrison, the Ways and 
Means Committee; Hon. W. S. Holman, of Indiana, and Senator 
Aldrich, of Rhode Island, and Mr. Breckinridge of Kentucky, 
he succeeded in getting the brewers' bond fixed upon terms more 
agreeable to the brewers than under the previous .law. The House 
passed the desired law April 15th ; the Senate, April 28th. 

("Quick work," will say any one conversant with the dealings of Congress with 
others than liquor dealers. In the councils of the United States for many 
black lined years, the liquor lords have been granted the freedom of the Federal 
Government. It is full time for a change.) 

"the rice duty question. 

" Owing to the efforts of the Messrs. Talmage, a delegation of 
southern rice dealers, planters and attorneys, amongst the latter 
Mr. Beaman, the law partner of Senator Evarts, had a hearing at 
the Treasury Department, June 15th last, &c." . . . "They 
were met by the representatives of the rice importers, . . . and 
your attorney. As a consequence the secretary decided to leave the 
rice duty question in statu quo" 

"On the 22d of October last a delegation of southern rice 
planters and dealers, accompanied by Senators Ransom, of N. C. ; 
Butler, of S. C. ; Call, of Fla. ; Gibson and Eustis, of La., and 



169 

Congressmen King, of La. ; Bennett, of N. C. ; lawyers Beaman, 
of N. Y., and Trenholni and Barker, of Charleston — a very formid- 
able array, suddenly appeared before Secretary Manning, and made 
the same demand as before. But owing to the timely interfereric 
your attorney nothing was done. . . The Ways and Means Com- 
mittee of the House was met by the same representatives of the Tal- 
mages ; . . the object of Tannages was to have a high duty put 
on brewers' rice in the new tariff bill. In that they failed, however." 

(Thus liquor triumphs over all competitors. ) 

" Though the efforts of the Prohibitionists were more vigorous 
than ever before, yet I am glad to state that the Democratic House 
has thus far showed the cold shoulder to any bill of a prohibitory 
character, though two of them had already passed the Senate. 
Twice Speaker Carlisle was compelled to exert himself in behalf of 
our cause when, by neglect or non-attendance at committee meetings 
on the part of some of the members friendly to us, the Prohibition- 
ists were about to carry their ends. Of course, it is some satisfac- 
tion to me to chronicle that thus far the fanatics have failed to 
conquer the capitol of the nation." 

(The attorney of an association of foreign brewers guarding the capitol of the 
American Eepublic against the enactment of the expressed will of millions of its 
native born citizens is an object lesson which foreign anarchists will not be slow 
to learn and to imitate. God save the nation from the machinations of its 
enemies, native and foreign !) 

The finance committee reported 780 members of the association. 
Total Assets— $25,979.36. 

A letter of regret from Jos. S. Miller. Internal Revenue Commissioner, closing 
as follows: "1 assure you it is a source of regret to me that I cannot be witli you, 
as I should be glad to become better acquainted with the members of your associ- 
ation, who represent an industry | !!) which contributes so largely to the revenues 
of the Government, and whose relations with this bureau have always been 
agreeable and pleasant." 

It does not seem to enter into the head of our astute officials that these large 
revenues which they credit to the brewers come from the pockets of the' people, 
and that the people could better afford to pay a direct tax of ten times the 
amount of the liquor revenue, than to be debauched and harmed in every pi 
of life, mental, moral, physical, and material, by the alcoholic trade. This 
revenue is so wicked, so antagonistic to all that we know of God's will, that one 
needs not to be a prophet to forsee that the now rapidly oncoming retribution ex- 
pressed in "Vengeance is mine; I will repay ;'' will cost the country far more in 
every way than our Civil War, which cost us in money, to say nothing of life and 
less precious things, ten times the profits of slavery. 

Xo people can afford to trample upon the lav: of righteousness. 
Messrs. Marcus Friedsam and John A. Sullivan, Collectors of 
Internal Revenue at New York City, represented the Commissioner. 
Mr. Friedsam, addressing the Convention, said: "We are directed 
to come here to take note of such matters as require the attention 
of the department, . . . and in making our report will add nny 
suggestions or recommendations you have to mention, and we shall 



170 

also report such amendments as you might desire should be made 
to the Internal Revenue Law." 

(How very complaisant /) 

He then told the brewers that the tax paid on spirituous liquors 
was less by $7,000,000 in 1886 than in 1884. This was, of course, 
to substantiate their claim that beer ousts whiskey. He adds, how- 
ever : " It is the same in reference to tobacco and cigars. In 1880 
it has been (me) $42,000,000 ; in 1883, $47,000,000 (queer reduc- 
tion); and by a reduction of rate the tax is now reduced to 
$27,000,000." 

What is the connection between obacco revenue and beer revenue that inspired 
this statement to a brewer's convention ? As for Collector Friedsam's report on 
Bpirits, we copy from Internal Kevenue Keport, page lix: "The quantity of 
spirits (80,344,380 gallons) produced and deposited in distillery warehouses 
during the fiscal year ended June 30, 1886, is more than the production 
(74,915,363 gallons) of the year 1885 by 5,429,017 gallons." On page 135 of the 
Internal Revenue Report we find the production of distilled spirits in the year 
1884 stated 76,531,167 gallons; in the year 1885, 76,405,074 gallons; in 1886* 
81,849,260 gallons. Reconcile the various statements who can. 

The Collector closed with the following panegyric: u To-day a 
New York brewer's check, for a reasonable amount, is taken in the 
business community the same as a national bank note; and justly 
so, because they are as solid as the banks." 

(Is there a man anywhere, knowing that the prosperity of his business depends 
upon his business reputation, whose check would not be equally honored ? We 
have Bradstreet's and other mercantile and commercial reports to-day.) 

Mr. John A. Sullivan, the other representative of the U. S. Gov- 
ernment at this brewers' convention, also spoke of " the industry" 
(Heaven save the mark !) " which contributes so largely towards the 
sustaining of the Government ; and I assure you in general that the 
bonds of good-will between the Government and the brewing inter- 
ests are more solid than ever." 

(As the rock boasted before the earthquake's shake.) 

" Keport of the Advisory Committee " 
tells us that the alleged adulterations of malt liquors have been, by the analysis 
of the New York State Board of Health, completely disproved. 

So far as known to the writer, the Prohibitionist bases his objections to malt, 
liquors solely upon their alcoholic character. For this reason he demands that they 
shall be outlawed as intoxicating (poisonous) beverages. Prohibitionists seek to 
have alcohol placed by law with other poisons, and treated accordingly. Outside 
of a chemical analysis, the prohibitionist, with every other dispassionate observer,, 
knows the character of beer by its results upon the consumer and his progeny , as dis~ 
played in beer-shops, hospitals, prisons, asylums, police courts, etc. Even though. 
beer and its congeners were otherwise as the " ambrosial nectar" of Paradise, 
their alcohol and its dire effects upon mankind must ever challenge the philan- 
thropist, whether prohibitionist or not, to work might and main for their out- 
lawry. Therefore, it is labor, if not money, lost for the brewer to demonstrate 
the purity of his product. Unless he can extirpate its alcohol, he will never 
succeed in his effort to palm it off on the public as a harmless, much less bene- 
ficial, beverage. 



171 

,c Physiology and Hygiene in Public Schools/' 
" Through the influence of the prohibition element, a ' compulsory 
temperance education law' was passed in the following States before 
the beginning of the year 1885: New Hampshire, Vermont, Michi- 
gan, New York, Rhode Island, and, in 1885, Pennsylvania, Massa- 
chusetts, Oregon, Alabama, Maine, Kansas, Nebraska, Wisconsin, 
Missouri, North Carolina." 

" The mere introduction of text books on hygiene in our public 
schools, and the spreading of proper views on the abuse of alcohol, 
would probably find no objectors among liberal brewers, nay, they 
would concur in and assist such an educational movement." 

The committee's report emphasizes the word abuse as being the brewer's dead 
line. They thus ignore the fact before alluded to, that the attraction of alcohol for 
itself is cumulative; therefore, the use begets the abuse; or, as Dr. Benjamin Rich- 
ardson, of England, says : 

"So long as it (alcohol) is present in a human body, even in small quantities, 
the longing for it, the sense of requirement for it, is present, and as the amount of 
it insidiously increases, so does the desire." 

Moreover, how could the people of this country consume the amount of beer 
produced in its breweries each year, without its abuse? AVe have, 6ay 60,000,000 
population. Deduct the great army of total abstainers, not less than one-half of 
the whole, 30,000,000, we have 30,000,000 persons remaining to consume the 
20,710,933 barrels of 31 gallons each, of malt liquors produced in this country in 
1886. As the brewer's profits depend upon the consumption of his product, we can- 
not put much faith in his anxiety to prevent abuse, especialiy when we find the 
production increasing far beyond the increase of consumers who, through the work 
of temperance societies and the people, are happily decreasing from year to year. 

The report continues : " It is evident, however, from the action 
and tenor of its advocates, that the whole movement is controlled 
and manipulated by the bitterest prejudices. Under the thin dis- 
guise of a public educational need, and of a scientific presentation 
of the subject, such extreme statements were made that, practically, 
they amounted to falsehoods." 

(It is to be regretted that brewers are not obliged to prove before a legal tribunal 
the truth of their statements or suffer the consequences of calumny.) 

In " Our Message," the organ of one of the most powerful tem- 
perance societies in America, the Mass. W. C. T. U., (Take off your 
bonnets, ladies, in recognition of the committee's compliment.) oc- 
curs the following among the " tests" of acceptance of such text 
books : 

" The tone of the books should be calculated, in accordance with the latest teach- 
ings of scientific truth, to educate the sentiment of the young in favor of the 
strictest temperance. . . . No suggestion that they (narcotics and stimulants) 
may be safely used, should be made to the young !"' 

"In other words, it is a foregone conclusion that all stimulants 
must be prohibited on the strength of so-called scientific truth, in 
spite of the fact that the majority of scientific thinkers of the world 
are in favor of the moderate use of stimulants, while with rare 
exceptions, the most bigoted dissenters from this conclusion only 
go so far as to leave the matter as an unsettled question, which it 
would be premature to decide." 



172 

(It is only within a comparatively recent period that " scientific thinkers" (scien- 
tific searchers would be a far better designation) have directed their experiments 
and observations to ascertain the true nature of alcoholics and their effect upon 
the human body, physiological and psychological. The majority, and that majority 
is rapidly increasing, are outspoken in their testimony of the evil effects of all 
such beverages; while our well educated physicians (except those who drink 
liquor) aie gradually ceasing to use alcohol in their practice, or to recommend 
alcoholic beverages to their patients. Ten years ago the International Medical 
Congress, which met in Philadelphia, Pa., in 1876, negatived its use, saying: "As 
a medicine it is not well fitted for self-prescription by the laity, and the medical 
profession is not accountable for such administration, or for the enormous evils aris- 
ing therefrom." Since then there has been a great advance in the knowledge of 
alcohol, and, as a consequence, physicians of all schools of medicine are discard- 
ing its use. The testimony of science against its use is cumulative, but want -of 
space forbids its reproduction here.) 

u This disinclination of scientists to be made the tools of preju- 
dice is quaintly portrayed in a portion of the article already quoted." 

" Some of the books, while depicting the evil effects of the excessive use of alcohol 
on the system, so fail to set forth the danger attending all use of it as a beverage, so 
neglect to mark the insidious and cumulative effect which powerfully leads to its 
excessive use, and so contrive to abound in suggestions concerning its possible benefits as 
practically to encourage the habit of moderate drinking." 

(And who but brewers, in the interests of their trade, can dispute the truth of 
this? Knowledge, especially of the good, the true, and the beautiful grows very 
slowly. When we remember that strong drink was, not so very long ago, called 
" eau de vie" (water of life), we can but marvel at the rapid progress made when 
we hear eminent chemists and physicians call it "the genius of degeneration") 

" Nor does it end here with mere criticism. The books not ful- 
filling the requirements of absolute prohibition are named and boy- 
cotted, while the ' Hygiene for Young People,' prepared under the 
direction of the scientific department of the 'N. W. C. T. U/ 
and the 'Child's Health Primer,'' prepared under the ^same direc- 
tion, are the compulsory books in this compulsory law. And in 
the printed resolutions, it is 'resolved that all text books on physi- 
ology and hygiene that purport to furnish instruction in regard to 
the effects of alcohol and narcotics upon the human system, which 
have the endorsement of the N. W. C. T. U. through their national 
superintendent of scientific instruction, shall have the pledged influ- 
ence of the organization to secure the introduction of such books 
in the schools." 

(Here is the resolution : the reader can judge of the truth or falsity of the above 
accusation.) 

"Resolved, That we earnestly urge upon the local school boards of the State to 
carry out the full intent of the law by putting temperance text books in the hands 
of all the pupils in our schools." 

"Out of thine own mouth will I judge thee," liars of the first magnitude. 
The brewers continue : "So that we have this gigantic fraud of 
foisting on the rising generation the narrow tenets of a party as a 
study, to take its place by the side of such elementary studies as 
reading, writing, and arithmetic." 



173 

(The N. W. C. T. IT. has given no stronger proof of the wisdom with which the 
work of that organization is conducted than when it engineered this Koyal Eoad to 
the future. It shows what the maternal mind and heart can do to protect the child.) 

a In view of these rather high-handed proceedings the U. S. 
Brewers' Association, through its proper officers, investigated the 
matter. Many of the text-books were procured, and a correspond- 
ence was opened relative to the subject with trustworthy members 
(of the Brewers' Association) in the States where such books were 
used, with a view to taking comprehensive action in this matter at 
some time in the near future. 

u The conclusions arrived at from a thorough review of the pro- 
ceedings and a careful perusal of this correspondence is, that up to 
the present time the resultant evil is not so great as former inform- 
ation seemed to indicate. Generally speaking, the errors were not 
so glaring as to demand vigorous action. Many of the schools 
have not fully complied tvith the law in its spirit, while others have 
tacitly ignored the provisions of the act. It would not be safe, 
however, to allow the matter to take its own course. It is hardly 
probable that the Prohibitionists will permit the law to become a 
dead letter." 

(It is to be presumed they will not since Americans founded their public school 
system to protect and preserve the Republic from foreign ignorance, depravity, and 
machinations !) 

"We believe that an appeal to the honesty of publishers and 
school officers might do some good, and we have proof that in one 
instance it did accomplish the desired object. This is a case in 
which a well known firm (Ivison, Blakeman & Co.) published such 
a text-book, containing some errors in reference to malt liquors. 
Dr. Ward of New York, a member of your association, having 
kindly consented to act for the N. Y. S. B. & M. Association, 
remonstrated with the publishers, showing them the injustice of 
publishing a book of instruction containing mis-statements that must 
injure respectable business men. The publishers, with a readiness 
that is highly creditable to them, promised to withdraw from the 
market, so far as possible, the first edition of their book, and to 
have the errors corrected. 

"Similar action may bring about like results, and your committee 
will not fail to do its utmost in this direction." 

" That common sense still holds some little control over prejudice 
was well exemplified by the recent action of Dr. II. M. Starkloff, a 
member of the St. Louis, Mo., school board. (II is name looks 
foreign.) This gentleman protested vigorously against turning the 
public school into a Prohibition factor." 

Here follows a long excerpt from the Dr's. speech. It is quite evident that he 
was elected by the liquor element of St. Louis, to represent it in the School Board. 
He declares himself the advocate of " moderation," and shows the Prohibitionists 
no favor or mercy. 



174 

He says : " The end aimed at by the Prohibitionists is quite clear. 
Granted control of the education of the youth of the land, they hope 
to control its political future." 

(Ah, Doctor, " they hope to control the political future " long before the youth 
of to-day are voters. Look out ! Events move quickly in this wonderful century.) 

" They are simply resorting to new tactics for securing a pro- 
hibition amendment to the National Constitution/' 

(Here is the peroration of this patriot with a foreign name. Wonder how long 
since he came over, and with what political party he affiliates?) 

" May the time never come when this Government shall assume 
to regulate the personal habits of its moderate citizens. Should 
such an unhappy moment ever come, this country will cease to be a 
republic except in name, and will be a national reformatory under 
police supervision." 

(Quite likely, unless the inflow of foreign anarchists and their schools — the beer 
shops, be abated.) 

The Advisory Committee then enter into the merits of various 
" Bunging Apparatus/' "Barley and Hops," " Centrifugal Ma- 
chines and Miscellaneous Matter," with all of which outsiders are 
not much interested, therefore we refrain from reporting the same. 

(Asocial entertainment, with music, eic 5 was announced. A member wanted to 
know if ladies would be invited. He said :) 

" They have arrived here from all over the country, and I think 
they should be invited to the sociable this evening ; I think it should 
be so announced by the Chair." 

(And, Barkis is willin.) 

One thousand dollars was voted for prize essays on the subject of 
brewing. 

Mr. Wm. A. Miles, of N. Y., re-elected President. A vote of 
thanks to the reporters. A vote of thanks to the ladies, with the 
request from Mr. Gottfried Krueger that the committee of arrange- 
ments for the next convention should not forget the ladies. 

Mr. A. B. Pratt, of Albany, K Y., said : " We know that without 
women no brewer can make a mash." (Great laughter.) 

Mr. Jos. Liebmann, referring to the report of the Advisory Com- 
mittee on certain advantages in the matter of school-books on hygiene, 
said: " The work was done by the State Brewers' and Maltsters' 
Association of N. Y. 

Convention adjourned to meet in Baltimore, Md., in the year 1887. 

" Those that tame wild horses 
Pace them not in their hands to make them gentle, 
But stop their mouths with stubborn bits and spur them, 
Till they obey the manage.' ' 



175 

27th ANNUAL CONVENTION OF THE U. S. B. ASSOCIATION. 

HELD IN BALTIMORE, MD., MAY 24, 2o, 26, 1887. 

Proceedings opened on the evening of the 24th, by an address of welcome by 
lEIon. James Hodges, Mayor. Of course, a city's chief magistrate who could so 
far degrade his office as to appear as spokesman at a liquor dealers' convention 
would do his best, or worst, as you choose, to boom liquor, its dispensers, and dis- 
pensaries. Mayor Hodges' speech was a disgrace to the city he represented, or, 
can it be written, misrepresented ? It ought not to be possible that a majority, or 
even a large minority, of Baltimore's respectable citizens favor grog-shops with 
their malign generations. And yet it must be that they do approve them, else 
how comes it that a man of Mr. Hodges' avowed principles is placed, by election, 
in a position where he can welcome liquor lords on the part of the city and its 
people? And if the more respectable voters join with the slums to elect to the 
chief power and place of a city a devotee of groggeries, how can they expect the 
enforcement of the laws of order and morality ? Official underlings, through all 
grades, always ape the tone of their chief. Mayor Hodges out-beers beer in his 
effusive welcome. 

He says : "I am not exaggerating the language of compliment 
when I tell you that your friends who reside here, moved by the 
plenitude of their appreciation of your visit, would Edenize this 
city for your enjoyment if their power were equal to their will." 

(So far as snakes, lies, and nakedness go, " your friends'' have done their share 
to " Edenize" not Baltimore only, but every city in the land where they have been 
licensed, to tempt, degrade, and destroy.) 

"And I may add that many of our citizens who are not brewers 
would be willing, in the spirit of public hospitality, to contribute 
their share towards the accomplishment of such an object." 

(No doubt! "My name is legion.' 1 ) 

The monumental mayor glorifies himself for his refusal to accede to 
the " request" of some of Baltimore's citizens — presumably non-beer- 
ites — " to recall my promise to deliver this address to the visiting brew- 
ers." He compares the brewers to " the millers or the bakers, the re- 
spectable representatives of an important and lawful industry, &c." 

The millers and bakers, purveyors of necessary and beneficent food, ought to 
feel highly honored to be thus ranked with grog-sellers and groggeries. 

His Honor (!) insults the temperance element of the city in the usual language 
of the dram-shop, classing it with slanderers, libelers, liars, perjurers, and, with 
genuine mash-tub patriotism, exclaims: 

" If the great mass of the people are too foolish, too weak, or too 
wicked to govern themselves, let us look for a paternal autocrat afl 
soon as possible, for republican and constitutional government under 
such circumstances is a delusion." 

(Good-bye, law, policemen, and all other restraints and restrainers that stand for 
order in a civilized community ! Ye are " a delusion" mi liquordom, for, say its myr- 
midons: " We have made a covenant with death, and with hell are we at agreement.") 

Mayor H., reiterating mash-tub logic, says: . . . ^'intemperance 
is an unavoidable evil as much as lying and stealing." 

Here's total depravity fresh from the mash-tub ! No punishment for lying, 



176 

stealing, or drunkenness, for they are "unavoidable evils.' ' Inasmuch as these 
little inadvertencies are thrins, with spawn innumerable in the sea of crime, 
liquordom's animosity to law is easily understood, for, 

No man e'er felt the halter draw with good opinion of the law. 

Baltimore's beer-eyed Mayor takes no stock in the law of progress. As man's 
ancestors were barbarons or bestial in ages lost in the twilight of fable, so must 
be the man of the Nineteenth century. No development of character, always 
nearing the great exampler; no abatement of animal propensities; no self-dis- 
cipline ; no self-restraint for the sake of weaker brethren ; nothing but a weak, 
mean self-indulgence and prostitution to animal appetites. This is the gospel of 
liquordom. And, just because this gospel of dirt is opposed to the natural law of 
development — from lower to higher — which governs the history of mankind, 
we take courage to continue the fight against liquordom's animalism. Prohibi- 
tionists are inspired to their work, and are as certain to overcome all opposing 
forces as is heaven to conquer hell. 

Mayor Hodges entertained his beery audience with a long dissertation on the 
pedigree of the great hopster. It seems he was sired in Egypt by Osiris ; darned 
in Belgium by Waterloo. But the end is not yet. He, with all his progeny, is to 
be buried in America by the Prohibition Party. 

Mr. Wm. A. Miles, of New York, president of the association, 

felicitated his colleagues and his honor on this happy speech. To 

the latter he said : " This act on your part, sir, is of especial value 

to us, when we realize that it is done in vindication of your own 

personal and official influence." 

The mutual admiration society then adjourned to the following day, May 25th, 
1887. 

Just here it seems well to ask the respectable and influential men of our cities 
if they think it is the proper thing to permit their servant, the chief municipal 
magistrate, sworn to enforce all laws, to welcome in the name of the city and of his 
office, a convention of men whose trade is to demoralize men, and whose speeches 
always foster and encourage an element which boasts of its contempt of law. 

Gentlemen, it is high time to put your solemn veto upon such proceedings in 
the future as took place in Baltimore, Md., May 24th, 1887. Kemember, 
u Where law ends tyranny begins." 

The demonstrations of anarchists, with other grave warnings, in many parts of 
the country plainly show the truth and the need of this reminder. 

President Miles opened the proceedings of May 25th. He re- 
called the events of the conventions of 1865, 1878 (see pages 4, 5, 
62), and added : " The kindly disposition which prompted the pro- 
jection and enactment of a law duly appreciating the exigencies of 
our trade yet governs its administration at the department at Wash- 
ington" 

Thus, while the great majority of our best citizens— the presidents of our col- 
leges, our clergy, and other influential men — were working and voting for, and in 
other ways sustaining a pro-liquor political party, that party was providing ways 
and means to strengthen and perpetuate the woeful traffic in intoxicants. They 
thus made themselves coadjutors of the brewers in one of the most nefarious and 
damnable trades that ever cursed a nation. These gentlemen cannot plead ignor- 
ance in extenuation, before God or man, of the fatal consequences of their acts, for 



177 

which their only excuse is party fidelity. May this excuse serve them in pres- 
ence of man's Supreme Judge : 

But, even here on earth, before human tribunals, they fail to justify their 
treachery to conscience and the higher law, for, what they call " party fidelity," 
has proved itself to be party treason. Their party has been wrecked in morals from 
no other cause than the conspiracy within its ranks oj silence on moral issues. The 
Republican party now so disrupted, may thank its best elements for ?ts long con- 
tinued and, of course, ever increasing corruptions, so that to-day it is falling to 
pieces like all decay, from its own rottenness. " Woe unto them that call evil 
good, and good evil." Had the men within the Republican party, who are 
pledged to morality and religion by their influential avocations, as well as by 
solemn vows to God, been true to their own souls and to the grave responsibility 
of Christian citizenship, their party would have been saved from the intoxication 
that has ditched it. 

While liquordom, with all the insolence of success, was boasting of its power 
through its ballot over our Governments national and state, legislative, executive, 
and judicial, the intelligent Christian men of the nation, with a fatuity pitiful but 
for its fatal consequences, were crying from rostrum, pulpit, and press 

"Do not take Temperance into Politics!" 
"The time hasn't yet come;" "petition;" "vote for the best men," &c, &c, 
through the entire catalogue of folly, blunder, and compromise, until now these 
half-baked cakes have been turned over by the irresistible logic of events, so far 
as to cry out for "high license" "and non-partisan temperance." Faugh ! When 
one's house is aflame he don't sing out Fire ! fire ! to the tune of Lullaby, baby. 

President Miles continued: u Before the establishment of our 
publication committee we were often compelled, for want of a knowl- 
edge of the history of the question, either in our own or foreign 
lands, and from the lack of reliable statistics, to stand silently by, 
or content ourselves with a simple denial, while the enemies of our 
trade published statements from the lecture platform, from the pulpit, 
or through the press, which we knew to be false and misleading, and 
yet had not the means at hand to controvert or destroy." 

"Eeliable statistics" from liquordom! Shade of Ananias! Psychologists tell 
us that the first effect of alcoholics upon their victims is to weaken the will power, 
so that lying soon becomes habitual v£th the drinker. All physicians and 
observers know the weakness of drinkers where truth is involved. It takes strong 
will-power and stern moral courage to tell the truth when against our business 
interests or appetites to do so. These self-evident facts will enable the reader to 
judge of the degree of truth in brewers' so-called statistics. 

Brother Miles says : " There seemed to open before this committee 
a field of labor which promised an abundant harvest, but I doubt if 
the most sanguine of its promoters could have anticipated the attain- 
ment of such valuable results in so short a space of time as it is 
able to point to to-day. The work has not been done in a super- 
ficial manner, but with a thoroughness and completeness which tes- 
tify to the industry and zeal of the manager of the bureau for the 
duties entrusted to him ; and which have been recognized by foreign 
statistical societies, by the press at home and abroad, and by hua- 
12 



178 

dreds of public and literary men throughout the country, who have 
either publicly or privately expressed their appreciation of the value 
and reliability of our documents." 

(The foamy imagination of beer is quite evident here.) 

" I have heard some members object that the brewers did not read 

these books and pamphlets. Probably very many do not, I presume 

we should be surprised if the percentage of our members who have 

carefully read our publications should be ascertained and stated." 

(Doubtless, or any other publications. Eeading, outside of the Police Gazette 
and its ilk, is not a very general accomplishment in liquordom.) 

u But this is no argument against the value of these books ; in 
fact, this ivas not the purpose of their publication. . . . But 
the writers of the country, the lecturers, the legislators, the clergy- 
men of the land, those engaged in forming public opinion upon all 
subjects, are more and more becoming aware of the value of our 
publications, and are to an increasing extent calling for them." 

(Correct knowledge is never to be despised, no matter whence its source, even 
though in the mash-tub. Pearls and diamonds are sometimes found in the gutter, 
their purity and lustre enchanced by contrast with their filthy surroundings.) 

Report of the Board of Trustees.— " Relation of Employees and Employers." 
" Individually and jointly the members of the association have, 
at all times, evinced a sincere and lively interest in the welfare of 
their workmen, etc." . . " Under very trying circumstances 
at a time when unjust provocation seemed almost unbearable, your 
association did not for a moment lose sight of the fact that the 
interests of the workmen are also those of its members. Acting 
upon this conviction, the 26th Convention caused a committee to be 
appointed with instructions to inquire into the labor question, and 
report to your Board of Trustees any measures which they may 
consider necessary for the protection of the interests alike of employ- 
ers and employees." 

(So far, so good! Notice, please, the "measures" considered necessary for the 
protection of the mutual interests of employers and employees.) 

"At the outset the Committee on Labor Troubles desire to express 
their unanimous adherence to the following principles, viz. : 

"1. The right of the employer to engage and discharge his em- 
ployees without interference from any society, or dictation from any 
source whatever. 

" 2. The right of the employer to settle all labor questions concern- 
ing him and his employees without the intermeddling of outsiders. 

"But, in connection therewith, this committee also express their 
unanimous conviction that employers should be found willing to 
remedy any real grievances that may be brought to their notice by 
their employees, individually or collectively. Furthermore, that 
fair wages should be paid for services rendered ; that the hours of 
labor should be shortened as far as business ivill permit, and that 
Sunday work should be dispensed with as far as practicable ." 

(The employer being the judge as to what constitute " real grievances ;" what are 



179 

"fair wages ;" how far " business will permit him to shorten the hours of labor f[ awl, 
u when practicable to dispense with Sunday work." As stated, it looks a rather one- 
sided arrangement; but here comes the cream of the joke on mutual interests.) 

" While feeling impelled by a sense of duty to enunciate these 
principles, the committee is fully aware, from the reports submitted 
to it, that at present, expediency demands that the action of the 
National Association, in reference to the labor question, be limited 
to those matters which affect all brewers equally in all parts of the 
country. r ' (2V. B. All brewers; no employees!) 

"The matter of wages and working time must he left to the 
adjustment of individuals and local associations, etc* . . u Nor 
can the question, as to whether labor organizations should or should 
not be recognized and negotiated with, be disposed of, etc. . . 
■"All that our Association can do — and that it ought to do at once — 
is to amplify, in accordance with present exigencies, the resolution 
adopted by the Board of Trustees, at St. Louis, May 19, 1886, and 
to take measures to induce not only all local associations, but all the 
brewers in the land, to pledge themselves, in a binding manner, to a 
strict observance of said resolution. 

" The main object of the St. Louis resolution is, to enable brewers 
to settle differences between themselves and their employees without 
fear of outside competition, so that, for instance, in case of their 
being compelled, by exorbitant demands, to resort to extreme meas- 
ures, they need not feel uncertain as to whether brewers of competing 
towns and cities will refrain from flooding their market. . . . 
Upon the basis of this resolution, a system of mutual protection 
might be perfected that would eventually include not only all load 
associations, but the entire trade, and, finally, lead to an agreement 
which ivould take from organized labor the strongest weapon it now 
wields — namely, the competition among employing brewers." 

(And these are the "measures" which the brewers "consider necessary for the, 
'protection of the interests alike of employers and employees /" 

The scheme is'to combine all the brewers in the country, whether belonging to 
the U. S. B. Association or not, into an extra organization for " mutual protec- 
tion " against all employees, thus reducing these men to a state of helpless vassalage 
to the owners of breweries . . . and this absolutism is called personal liberty " ! ! ! 

What an exhibition we have here of the utter selfishness and tyranny in liquor- 
dom! All the tyrants of the world rolled into one, could not practice greater 
despotism and heartlessness. No capitalists or employers in the whole country 
have attempted to so combine to crush labor to their own terms as the U. 8. B. 
Association is now organizing to do. And while busy at this diabolism they prate 
of "a sincere and lively interest in the welfare of their workmen" ! Of all sin- 
ners the hypocrite is the meanest.) 

The Board of Trustees continuing to elaborate their plan of cam- 
paign against their workmen, say : . . . " the protection afforded 
by such a combination would be stronger and would extend to other 
questions besides that of the labor movement." 



180 

" Although yet in its infancy, the protective alliance thus hur- 
riedly entered into, proved of immense advantage to many brewers, 
both in the East and in the West, who, as they gratefully acknowl- 
edge, would not have been able, without the aid extended to them 
by their colleagues, to hold their own, vindicate their rights and 
manhood, and guard their industrial interests." . . . 

(The rights and manhood and industrial interests of the employees are not, of 
course, worth the consideration of the liberticides.) 

" Bureau of Labor Statistics : " In any attempt to arrive at 
reliable conclusions concerning this very important question such an 
institution . . . appears to be almost indispensable/' 

(The workmen may now look out for a lot of brewers' labor statistics to prove 
the entire righteousness of the brewers conspiracy against any organization of 
labor affecting the lords of the mash-tub. Well, statistics, even though they lie 
Mke the devil, are better than bombs in this fight.) 

"It is proposed to increase the vigilance committee ... so as to 
have serving on it at least one representative from every State in 
which the brewing industry has attained to considerable proportions. 
This, your trustees believe, is a timely proposition, inasmuch as at 
no time in the history of your association was there greater need of 
energetic action on the part of local brewers. . . . Your trustees 
know . . . that many members of the vigilance committee have 
rendered invaluable services in their States by watching the com- 
mon enemy, organizing the local brewers, and, with them, devising 
means of defense. . . . This is really the purpose for which your 
associatioK created this committee. " . . . 

"Rotation in Office is also recommended, so that 'your asso- 
ciation will, within a few years, have gained a large number of new 
workers.' " 

(Evidently the brewers are expecting to stay. They have no premonition of ' 
the impending hegira. Poor things !) 

"Aid to the Brewers of Michigan. 

"As you are aware, the people of the State of Michigan have 
recently voted upon and defeated the proposition to engraft a pro- 
hibitory amendment upon the constitution of that State, although 
the very men who in former years had advocated prohibition, now 
stood arrayed against it because their own local experiences had de- 
monstrated the truth ( ! ! ) of the oft-repeated assertion that prohibi- 
ton means 'free whiskey/ " 

Will those who get their whiskey free, outside of campaign times when votes 
are the currency of liquordom, please stand up to be counted ? Again, what if 
those convincing "local experiences" be the republican party's need to hold 
liquor's vote for 1888? A very large proportion of the republican press in Mich- 
igan, particularly city dailies, joined forces with liquor against the amendment. The 
republican press of Detroit was particularly reprobate. Nemesis is en-route. 

If prohibition means "free whiskey," the distillers must be fools to fight a law 
that helps their business. But perhaps the brewers mean that the distillers are 
the keener rascals at violating the law. Prohibition forbids all alcoholic beverages. 



181 

Or, are we to conclude from this "free whiskey" argument that distillers 
prohibitionists? But the brewers have often confessed that they are united with 
the distillers to fight prohibition. See President Beuter's speech to the 13th Brewer's 
Congress, 1S73, page 26; also, President Scharmann's speech to the 24th Conven- 
tion, 1884. Can it be that the House of Bacchus is now divided against itself? 
If so, there is good authority for believing its end is near. Amen ! 

At best it is all a muddle. All the wisdom of all the ancients and moderns 
combined couldn't understand the logic of the mash-tub, which goes on to say; 

k * Yet the situation at one time during the campaign appeared emi- 
nently perilous, and there was cause for the fear that the opponents 
would suffer defeat by reason of insufficient agitation among the rural 
voters, who, though strictly honest and sincere themselves, are apt to 
succumb to the snares and wiles of hypocritical time-servers." 

(In other words, "the rural voters, though strictly honest and sincere," are not 
sufficiently intelligent to judge for themselves. The mash-tub must enlighten 
their ignorance. The "rural voters" ought to feel complimented by the estima- 
tion the mash-tub places upon their intellectual capacity. | 

U A11 that seemed necessary then, was a sufficient sum of money 
to publish and circulate documents enlightening the voters on ques- 
tions at issue, and placing before them clearly and succinctly, the 
evils wrought by the prohibitory law which had so long been in 
force in their own State." 

("In force?' is good when the treatment of the law is recalled. Let us hope that 
in the near future, liquordom will learn by heart the meaning of a law M in force." | 
" The brewers of Detroit, who, a short time before this campaign, 
had passed through serious labor troubles by which their trade suf- 
fered severely, appealed to your president for pecuniary aid. . . . 
As there was danger in delay, and the Board could not be convened 
in due time, the executive of your association, together with a number 
of Eastern members of your Board of Trustees, convinced that aid 
had been invoked by our friends in Detroit under extraordinary 
pressure, and only after they had exhausted their own resource* 
defense, agreed to place before this convention a motion to appro- 
priate a sum of money, not exeeding 85.000, towards defraying the 
expenses of the Michigan brewers. The representatives of the 
petitioners, Messrs. Fulda and Voight, were told by said officers and 
trustees of the association, that if, in addition to the money aire 
expended, amounting to over §15,000. more means were needed for 
the conduct of the campaign, the Detroit brewers should adva 
the funds, not exceeding §5,000, and depend upon this convention 
for a reimbursement. As the matter now stands, your trustees be- 
lieve that the association is in duty bound to pay said sum. which, 
considering the result of the vote, may well be said to have b 
judiciously invested, not only for us as brewers, bul 
of Michigan. If the expenditure of this sum of money, which, 
according" to a standing resolution, could not be used for any other 
purpose than that of circulating campaign documents, has contrib- 
uted towards the result in question, we believe that we are entitled 
to the credit of having served the cause of true temperance." 



182 

* 

The tree is known by his fruit. And please remember, brewers, that "What the 
gods delay, they not deny." 

A few words as to Michigan's vote on the amendment. Liquordom's majority 
was only about 5000. The frauds perpetrated in Detroit alone would have oblit- 
erated this majority if they had been scrutinized in iht count. Gogebic county gave 
a majority of 2185 against Prohibition. This county was in 1887 cut out of Onton- 
agon county, which in 1886, before it was divided^ cast only 158& votes, all told, for 
governor. Whence came the bean-stalk growth which enabled less than half of 
a county, whose whole vote was only 1589,. to cast in less than a year a majority 
of 2185 against Prohibition ? Behold the fertilizers used : " Wagon-loads of Poles 
and Germans were driven over the state line from Wisconsin, while hundreds of 
aliens and minors voted for the grog-shop." So reports The Voice. 

Such, reader, are the political methods of liquordom. The patriot, whether 
Republican or Democrat, is invited to study the bearing of these methods upon 
the perpetuity of our Republic. 

The report then comments upon the high license movement. Prohibitionists 
take no stock in liquor license, high or low. Even the terms Prohibition and 
license are in opposition, and can never coalesce. As correctly say, a sound rotten 
apple, as a Prohibition liceuse advocate. 

The trustees say : " While it cannot be disputed that the ablest 
and most conscientious advocates of high license fully recognize the 
absolute necessity of making as broad a distinction as possible be- 
tween fermented beverages and ardent liquors" &c, &c. 

This is exactly what the brewers have been working to achieve ever since their 
organization. High license advocates are to be congratulated in thus co-operating 
with the mash-tub. 

•"the mugler case before the supreme court. 

"In February, 1883, Mr. Peter Mugler, of Salina, Kansas, informed the board 
of trustees that in defence of his rights he had appealed to the highest court of 
the State in a suit which was to test the constitutionality of the law prohibiting 
the manufacture of malt liquors. The said court decided against Mr. Mugler ;; 
one of the judges, however, dissented from the adverse decision, on the ground 
that, under it, no indemnity for the loss sustained in consequence of the arbitrary 
closing of the brewery, and the destruction of personal property, could be success- 
fully sustained. In accordance with a resolution previously passed, it then 
became the duty of your board to assume the responsibility for the defence of Mr. 
Mugler' s case in an appeal to the United States Supreme Court. For this pur- 
pose the services of the Hon. G. G. Vest (U. S. senator), of Kansas City, Mo.,, 
were secured by your board in April, 1883. After four years, this case has finally 
been argued by Senator Vest in an exceedingly able manner. Shortly before our 
counsel submitted his argument to the- Supreme Court, a number of western 
brewers, through Mr. Lefens, of Chicago, urgently requested your board to have 
a new case brought before the said court, and to engage for such purpose the 
services of one, two or three of the best lawyers of our country. Aware of the 
importance of this matter, your executive, learning that the Mugler case wa& 
about to be argued, addressed a letter to our counsel, requesting him to bring 
about a postponement, if he thought that the pending case did not possess all the 
elements of success that appeared necessary. He was given to understand that, 
if necessary, the Mugler appeal should be abandoned to make room for any new 
case which, in his opinion, might be presented to the court with greater certainty 



183 

of success. In reply to this letter the honored counsel stated as follows : ' The 
record in the Mugler cases presents all the issues fairly, and if we cannot win in 
these cases, all others are hopeless. The prohibitory law of 1S81 of K: 
which is in question in the Mugler cases, prohibited the manufacture of beer for 
any purpose, except medicinal, mechanical, or scientific purposes. It prohibits, 
the manufacture by a citizen for his own use, or for storage or exportation, and is 
the most extreme statute on the subject ever enacted in this country. It' this law 
is upheld by the Supreme Court, it it useless to approach that tribunal again on 
the subject.' "In the face of this opinion your officers did not feel warranted in 
taking any further steps designed to stay the progress of the suit. It is for y<>u. 
gentlemen, to decide whether their course was the best that could be done under 
the circumstances.'' 

"The Spigot-Hole Amendment." More trouble about spigot-holes (see pages 
39 and 43). The Hon. Charles Foster, of Ohio ; Gen. Jeremiah M. Bosk, of Wis- 
consin ; Messrs. Eandall, and Hiester Clymer i deceased), of Pennsylvania, and 
Ellis H. Roberts, of New York, all of the House ; Senators Bayard (Logan, Car- 
penter. Fenton, deceased), Schurz, and Sherman, chairman of the Senate Finance 
Committee, are advised whether in the body or in the spirit to repair forthwith 
to the capitol to again help on the spigot-hole amendment. It won't tax their pa- 
triotism, nor jeopardize their political aspirations just now, half as much as the 
prohibitory amendment. 

"U. S. Brew Masters' Association has been organized during the past year 
at Chicago. The aims of this new association cannot but advance and improve 
the trade, and for this reason deserve the hearty support of every member of your 
association. We regard it as a part of our duties to submit to you the following 
statement of the purposes for which the Brew Masters' Union was founded, and 
to urge you to take such steps as will insure harmonious co-operation between 
this new association and ours : 

"1. To extend our mutual acquaintance. 

"2. To foster and promote, in every respect, the interest* of the brewinq tr<- 

"3. To deal with scientific problems concerning the brewing trade by carefully 
discussing them. 

"4. To encourage the training of competent brewery workmen, and to bestow 
careful attention on the instruction oi apprentices. 

k< 5. To foster and promote the development awl the protection of the brewing trade and 
its interests in the United States.'' 

"Joint Eeport of the Publication and Vigilance Committee-. 
" Since the adjournment of the 26th Convention. ... a pam- 
phlet, entitled * The Effects of Beer on those who Make and brink 
It.' and a book on ' Colonial Liquor Laws* have been printed and 

distributed." . . . 

The effort is made in the iirst-named publication to show by statistical figures that 
" beer is the healthiest drink known ; . . . that the risks incurred in insuring 
the lives of habitual beer-drinkers are less by 40 per cent, than the ordinary 
of such transactions." . . . 

To prove the truth of this assertion figures from Switzerland's Federal S: 
tical Bureau are cited. 

The ire of the brewers has been excited by a short article in the BcdUmon 
derwriter, in criticism of their absurd claims for the healthfulness of beer: 

According to the manner of the mash-tub the publication committee is very 
coarse and rude in its notice of the Underwriter 9 m paragraph. One question » 
to us : Why do the brewers go to foreign countries for statistics ? Surely 
are enough foreigners in this country from whom to coll a: 






184 

Americans do not need to go away from home for correct data upon which to 
base their calculations of the nature and effects of intoxicants. 

European countries have been so long wedded to such drinks, and are so con- 
servative even of errors, that an impartial judgment upon such a pet habit could 
hardly be expected from them. New countries, new experiences, new men, new 
ideas form a natural sequence. 

Intoxicants of some kind have been since geologic ages for aught we know, the 
daily drink of Europeans, and it is certainly within the bounds of reason sup- 
plemented by the experience of this country, to suppose their long-continued 
drink habits may be counted as major among the causes of the excessive poverty 
and general wretchedness which have expatriated Europe's millions, forcing them 
to new homes in a new world in the hope of bettering their condition. With the 
hordes of emigrants fleeing from European destitution America proposes to offer 
her immigrants new and better conditions under which to seek life, liberty under* 
law, and the pursuit of happiness. She faces the East and the West, and within her 
borders the gates of Janus are shut. What a promise and potency of the higher 
and better life does our beloved Republic offer to a suffering world ! 

" Purge out therefore, the old leaven, that ye may be a new lump, as ye are 
unleavened." 

We have ocular proof of the condition of Europe's people, and have a strong 
preference for facts versus theory and assertion. 

Our police courts, hospitals, asylums, prisons, almshouses, and saloons speak far 
more instructively as to "the effects of beer upon those who make and drink it" 
than a statistical bureau across the ocean can possibly controvert. It is a well- 
known fact that life assurance companies in England and in this country have 
long made a distinction between moderate drinkers and total abstainers — insuring 
them in separate sections, and the experience of nearly half a cerltury has proved 
under the law of averages, that a bonus of from seventeen to twenty-three per 
cent, must be paid to the sections of total abstainers. Of course liquor dealers 
take great umbrage at this practice, for it speaks volumes against liquor consump- 
tion and thus hurts " the trade." Life assurance companies are conducted on a 
strictly business basis. No sentimentality or "fanaticism" enters into their calcu- 
lations. If we lacked all other proof of the danger lurking in the alcoholic cup, 
this one fact attested by the law of averages during an experience of many years 
in life assurance companies, established and conducted solely with a view to busi- 
ness success, is evidence sufficient to all reasonable minds, that the only safe rule 
is to touch not, taste not, handle not. 

As to the healthfulness of fermented drinks see opinion of Sir Henry Thomp- 
son, F. K. C. S., pages 44-45. Did space admit, unimpeachable evidence of this 
nature could be multiplied a thousand fold. 

It is plainly seen that the brewers have struck a snag in attacking life assurance 
sagacity. The Baltimore Underwriter, June 6, 1887, says: 

" With the exception of one argumentative effort (the report of Switzerland's 
Federal Statistical Bureau, before alluded to), the report of the National Brewer's 
Convention is nothing but a tirade of coarse and vulgar and senseless abuse. . . . 
There are between forty and fifty (brewers) engaged in business in this city — say 
fifty in round number^ — and three of them died last year, 1886, between the ages 
of twenty-five and fifty. What does this show? That three in fifty means six in. 
a hundred, and that means sixty in a thousand. The average annual death rate 
among all classes and ages of the population in this community, including infancy 
with its increased perils, is twenty in the thousand, while the death rate of the 



185 

brewers is three times as much. . . . We only warn the United States Brewer's 
Association that unless their publication committee places its temper and its 
•language under proper restraint, we shall overwhelm them with facts of medical 
and statistical and life insurance experience such as they have never dreamed of, 
and certainly such as they have not bargained for." 

Instead of quarreling with insurance companies here is a better and far more 
profitable way to settle the dispute. The United States Review aptly asks : 

"Why don't beer brewers start an insurance company of their own ir> order to 
show underwriters that they are unusually healthy and long-lived ? In this way 
we don't imagine it would require very many years to convince even themselves 
of the utter fallacy of their so-called reliable statistics." 

Prohibitionists certainly have cause to join the brewers in their congratulations 
on the establishment of their Publication Committee. By means of its false sta- 
tistics and false arguments, truths forgotten or hidden away are now brought forth, 
and unexpected recruits for total abstinence are appearing. Thank God ! 

"In regard to Colonial Liquor Latvs, your committee beg leave to 
say, that the object of the author has been to present an historical 
outline of the entire drink question in colonial days. The book is 
replete with convincing proofs that in every colony in which the 
moral aspects of the liquor question received attention, the law- 
makers endeavored to favor the brewing industry and viticulture 
for temperance purposes, etc., etc." 

(Yes ! and against each of these proxies experience has written : Tekel ! 

" Experience," says Carlyle, "is the best of school-masters, but he takes dread- 
fully high wages." 

The road to total abstinence for the individual and for the State, has been an 
up-hill one, thorny and tortuous, but at last we have gained the top, from which, 
surveying the failures and wrecks that strew the path over which we have toiled, 
with hands and hearts uplifted to heaven, we solemnly declare, that, 

Whereas, Wine, beer, restriction, regulation, permission, unfettered, license low 
or high, taxation, free, moderation, moral-suasion, local option, pledging, and many 
other make-shifts and compromises with alcohol, have been vainly tried for many 
experimenting years to redeem and save the people from intoxication, therefore, 

Resolved, That Prohibition, sustained by a Prohibition Party, is the only effectual 
and reasonable, because radical, method of deliverance from the curse: " Every tree which 
bringeth not forth good fruit is hewn dov:n, and cast into the fire!' 

Prohibition is the inevitable and logical outcome — the climax of all precedent 
efforts to stay the drink traffic's awful havoc of humanity. To this method we 
must pledge life, labor, and purse, if we would not stultify ourselves before a 
watching and waiting world.) 

" Whoever takes the pains to follow the development of the 
drink question from the Colonial period, with its West India traffic ; 
through the post-revolutionary period, with its unlimited rural dis- 
tillation, up to the outbreak of the rebellion, and thence to our time, 
with its internal revenue system, will be convinced that the true 
solution of the temperance question is already found ; that it con- 
sists in the present internal revenue system, by which the annual 
per capita consumption of ardent spirits has been reduced from nine 
to a little over four quarts." 

Certainly, the brewers can beat even the Father of Lies at his own trade. See 



186 

pages 2, 3, and 13, as to the brewers' reasons for establishing their association.. 
Pages 4, 5, 6, as to their motive in dictating our Internal Revenue System. Note 
that the interests of "the trade" are, from the beginning, their emphatic cry. 
Read Mr. Lauer's speeches in the conventions of 1882, 1883 ; note their violent op- 
position to any and all laws intended to promote temperance ; follow in the record 
of all their conventions their drill of contempt and violation of all such laws. 
Their boast that the increase of Beer & Co., means the decrease of Whiskey & Co., 
and, therefore, represents the progress of temperance, would be nonsense were it. 
not a lie. Beer is an intoxicating drink, as is well known to every one, even brew- 
ers, containing from five to twelve per cent, of aleohol. The large quantity per 
capita per diem consumed aggregates as much alcohol as the whiskey drinker can 
imbibe and live. 

A witness in a case tried lately in Augusta, Ga., testified that he drinks "in an. 
ordinary day's ' bender ' " from 16 to 23 quarts of beer. 

The progress of the temperance sentiment is owing entirely to the hard and 
increasing work of total abstainers. 

The increased consumption of fermented drinks, especially of beer, is owing to.; 
the ever increasing immigration of foreigners, as the brewers' reports confess. 
See pages 25, 26 ; also President Beuter's speech to the Convention of 1880. 

What are officially called "distilled spirits" by the Internal Revenue Depart- 
ment to distinguish them from " fermented liquors," fluctuate in quantity re- 
ported from year to year, increasing or diminishing from causes best known to 
distillers, but certainly not from any relation to the amount of fermented liquors 
consumed. There is not a grain of truth in the claim of the brewers that beer 
drives out whiskey, for drunkenness and its attendant poverty and crime, whether- 
from beer or its elder brother, whiskey, are both fearfully on the increase. 

The International Record of Charities in a recent report on the* 
increase of crime, shows that in Pennsylvania the ratio of commit- 
ments in 1830 was one in' 15,320, and in 1880 it was one to 5,931.. 
This increase is true of the States in general. 

There is no effect without an adequate cause. Study the following official state- 
ment and you will cease to question if it be indeed true that crime is increasing, 
in this country. 

STAGGERING STATISTICS FROM INTERNAL. REVENUE REPORTS. 

Production of distilled spirits in the United States from September 1, 1862, to- 

June 30, 1887 1,404,422,448 gal V 

Fermented liquors, during same time 8,361,313,242 " 

Total libations upon the altar of Bacchus 9,765,735,690 " 

N. B. — Spirits are largely exported, while fermented liquors are mostly for do- 
mestic consumption. 

INFERNAL REVENUE. 

Total receipts from distilled spirits from September 1, 1862. to 

June 30, 1887 $1,104,566,950 49 

Total receipts from fermented liquors, same time 249,780,894 75- 

Total revenue to the U. S. Treasury from intoxicants from — 

Sept. 1, 1862, to June 30, 1887 $1,354,347,845 24 

The quantity of distilled spirits in the United States, except what may be in 
customs bonded warehouses on the first day of October, 1887, was 104,439,386 gal- 
lons, this quantity being distributed as follows : In distillery and special bonded? 
warehouse, 61,608,377 gallons ; in hands of wholesale liquor dealers, 14,614,959* 
gallons; in hands of retail liquor dealers, 28,216,050 gallons. Total, 104,439.38a 
gallons. 



187 

No. of retail liquor (spirits) dealers in 1885 182,318- 

14 " u 1886 190,121 

u 1887 188,107 

u u malt " 1885 8,676 

1886 8,409 

" " " H 1887 8,685 

N. B. The retailers of spirits all sell beer. Remember also, that these are only the 
dram shops nourishing under a United States license, or what is called, " special 
tax." There are at least a third more who escape this license. With so many 
schools of vice, teaching night and day, Sundays not excepted, can any intelligent 
observer who knows the effect of liquor drinking upon the moral faculties, hesitate 
to locate ? the chief cause of the awful increase of crime that is threatening the 
destruction of our blood-bought Republic. 

" They shall be ashamed of their revenues, because of the fierce anger of the Lord." 

O men of God ! Can you not put away this awful self-imposed curse ? 

Cannot this evil tree be "hewn down and cast into the fire?" 

Come up to the help of the Lord, to the help of the Lord against the mighty. 

The joint committees, Publication and Vigilance, continue : u The 
greatest danger which now threatens true temperance (!) lies in 
Prohibition and in restrictive license laws amounting to Prohibition. 
Your committee further beg leave to report that two years ago your 
literary bureau submitted, among other projects, the plan of a book 
designed to present every passage of the Bible referring to viti- 
culture, drink-laws, drink-offerings, drinking, and drunkenness, the 
object of the work being to disprove the blasphemous ran tings of 
Prohibitionists, who claim that, through the Holy Book, God com- 
manded abstinence. This claim is based on an etymological quibble 
about the real meaning of the Hebrew and Greek words for wine 
and must. A number of learned writers, among them celebrated 
ministers of the Anglican Church, have exposed this attempt to 
falsify the Bible ; but their excellent books and essays have been 
written for men of classical education. There was need, then, of a 
book adapted to the wants of the average layman. " 

(And the brewers proposed to instruct the " average layman" as to the true 
meaning of the Bible! Fools rush in where angels fear to tread.) 

" Shortly after the adjournment of the 26th Convention, the 
manager reported this book ready for publication, . . . and we 
accordingly ordered it to be printed. Owing to a singular coinci- 
dence this order could not, however, be carried out. About a week 
after the meeting in which the order was given, Rev. R. J. Sikes, 
of Perrysville, Ohio, sent to the book mart a work so strikingly like 
our own in everything save diction, that we would have exposed our 
literary bureau to the undeserved suspicion of plagiarism, if we had 
permitted our order to be executed. Instead of doing this, your 
committee purchased one thousand copies of Rev. R. J. Sikes' book, 
and distributed them to clergymen, in whose hands Ave believed 
they would do most good." 

(Honored Rev. R. J. Sikes ! Your book an authority for the brewery \ And as 
a natural sequence a text-book in the beer-shop and brothel !) 

" The attempt to falsify even the Holy Book is one of the most 
deplorable features of the prohibitory agitation." 



188 

The mash-tub's solicitude for the Bible reminds us of Shakespeare's 
fl An evil soul, producing holy witness, 
Is like a villain with a smiling cheek ; 
A goodly apple rotten at the heart." 
They call God, the prophets and apostles, Martin Luther, and the Puritans to 
the witness box to certify to the divine approval of wine and beer as drinks, and, 
putting the cap-stone to their column of lies and blasphemy, with the Pharisees 
of old they declare that Christ was not only a wine-bibber, but a liquor maker. 
" When valor preys on reason. 
It eats the sword it lights with." 

" It has been reserved for modern Prohibitionists, for the Pattons 
and Simsons (sic), men whom the Rev. Dr. John Carry, of Canada, 
has proved to be incapable of translating the simplest Hebrew sen- 
tence, to set at naught the combined wisdom of generations -of 
learned theologians, and Pharisee-like, to assume censorship over^ 
Christ and his followers." 

" Evils that take leave, 
On their departure most of all show evil." 
The brewery's chairs of Hebrew and Theology are now open for Dr. Crosby and 
other competing scholastics of the mash-tub school. 

The committee round up this phase of their report with a wonderful flourish 
of the dram-shop's lariat and branding-iron thuswise : 

" What a cause is theirs, that requires such means for its success ! 
They destroy one of the fundamental principles of our ( ! ) Republic, 
i. e., personal liberty; 

(The go-as-you-please trot, quarantine, and other embargoes upon selfishness.) 

Trample under foot the right of property ; 

(As is done in all cases of nuisance, infected rags, and other dangers to society.) 

" Make science subservient to their falsehoods, or vilify its repre- 
sentatives ;" 

(For instance, they declare alcohol is a poison ; they call in question the state- 
ments of Revs. Crosby, R. J. Sikes, and other D. D.'s of dram-shop dynamics.) 

" They make drunkards, hypocrites, and criminals 
(out of 'men of good moral character.') 

a and, to crown all, falsify the Bible, defame Christ, and ridicule 
Christianity." 

"The fire that mounts the liquor till 't run o'er, 
In seeming to augment wastes it." 

" And all this for an impracticable idea : 
(Is that all ? A mountain in labor brought forth a mouse.) 
" For a law that has notoriously effected the very opposite of 
what its framers aim at." 

(For example, the imprisonment of Murphy, where he had a chance for reiorm- 
ation. The imprisonment of liquor dealers in Iowa and Kansas, whether they are 
converted from the errors of their ways or not.) 

The committee's report finishes by announcing that the vigilance 
committee is to be enlarged and its composition so shaped " that the 
association will have an accredited representative in every one of 
the more important States," . . . thus to " secure the benefit of all 
the means which your body annually provides for the common good. 



189 

" The usefulness of your literary bureau is steadily increasing. 
The manager has, of his own accord, undertaken the preliminary 
work upon which the labor committee based its report." Estimated 
expenses for the coming year, $6 000. 

(Our laborers ought to be in training to digest that promised report. The phil- 
anthropy of the mash-tub will, no doubt, foam like Coney Island beer.) 

The committees ask authority to print a sufficient number of 
copies (not exceeding 8,000) of each of their eight publications 
" for gratuitous distribution." Yale! 

"Report of the Attorney. Spigot-Hole Bill. 

" In December last I was requested by you to prepare a bill to be 
introduced into Congress to change Section 3,342 of the Revised 
Statutes so as to allow brewers to have both spigot-holes upon the 
side of the cask. etc. It being a short session of Congress, and 
having no time to lose on that account, I went to the internal reve- 
nue department, and there, in conjunction with Deputy Commissioner 
Mr. Rogers and some other officers, prepared a bill which afterwards 
received the approval both of you and Commissioner Miller, 

(N. B. — The conjunctions: "you," i. e., the brewers' association, and the United 
States Internal Revenue Commissioner.) 

The bill was withdrawn by request of the board of trustees on 
account " of the danger (to the brewers) of introducing patent 
devices for the protection of stamps.'' 

" C. O. D. Order. "An order of Commissioner of Internal 
Revenue Evans, of August, 1884, rules that any authorized dealer 
sending a package of spirits to any purchaser, marked C. O. D., makes 
the person selling the spirits liable at the place of delivery to the pay- 
ment of a tax as a wholesale or retail dealer, as the case may be." 

N. B. — "Spirits" not beer. The brewers declare their product is u a temperance 
drink." They insist upon a discrimination in favor of beer and against spirituous 
liquors. Here we have their attorney working for " spirits/' He says : 

" This order has greatly hampered the trade. In compliance with 
your instructions, I have appealed to the present Commissioner to 
rescind this order of his predecessor as obnoxious and unnecessary 
for the public interest. ( ! ) Though evidently willing to do his part 
in accommodating the tax-payers, (only brewers are tax-payers !) 
he has, nevertheless, doubted, in this instance, his authority to do so." 

(He may well doubt it.) 

"Owing to my urgent appeals, and those of others, he has finally 
prepared and introduced into Congress, through Mr. Kleiner, of 
Indiana, January °26, 1886," a bill granting the desired immunity. 

"Your attorney has also ivor~kedfor another bill prepared by the 
Commissioner. It reduces the unduly severe penalties against per- 
sons who carry on the business of a brewer, or retail and wholesale- 
liquor dealer, or retail and wholesale malt liquor dealer, without 
payment of special tax, and tvhich penalty is now, for every such 
offence, a minimum fine of §100, in addition to a minimum term 
of one month's imprisonment, whilst the penalty for a similar of- 



190 

. fense with manufacturers and dealers in tobacco is merely any sum 
up to $500 \ or imprisonment or both. He proposes a fine of not less 
than $10, and no more than $500, and no imprisonment" 

Commissioner Miller's plea for this bill is the usual pro-liquor argument against 
each and every law that touches liquordom ever so lightly, " that it cannot be en- 
forced." In other words, liquordom shall be a law unto itself. 

THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 

" The action of Congress being likely to influence the course of State 
Legislatures, I have exerted myself to the utmost, and this success- 
fully, too, against the passage of a high license bill for our District" 

(It looks as if " our District" is the correct title. As to the defeat of high license 
prohibitionists are satisfied.) 

"No prohibitory legislation received favorable consideration 
or action by the last Congress, except the school bill. I regret to 
state, however, that the difficulties in preventing such legislation are 
augmenting from year to year. Evidently, there are some extraor- 
dinary movements and developments going on within the two great 
parties which cannot have escaped your attention. As to myself, I 
shall adhere to the old and true principle of supporting the friends, 
and going against, the enemies of personal liberty wherever met with." 

And they all cried out with a loud voice, while 

The tear of affection bedouzled his eye, 
O Shady, our Schade, be ourn till ye die! 

Yes, Louis! your real "difficulties" are only just beginning. The "extraor- 
dinary movements and developments going on within the two great parties" are 
caused by the disease known as party gripes. They already feel the effects of the 
drastic cathartics administered by Dr. Prohibition Party. Their bowels of com- 
passion never moved until he was called to kill or cure. Meanwhile you and 
yours can meditate upon the folly of opposing natural selection. The survival of 
the fittest has doomed all sensualists, " whose god is their belly, and whose glory 
is in their shame." 

Total assett of the association, $32,149 82. , Membership, 818. 

The Advisory Committee asked for $1,000 to meet expenses for the ensuing 
jear. 

Capt. Wm. Fensby, of 1825 East Pratt street, Baltimore, presented to the asso- 
ciation " the claims of the Key Monument I ssociation upon the generosity of your 
distinguished body, in aid of the patriotic enterprise in which it is now engaged." 

President Miles said: "This is, perhaps, a somewhat unusual application to 
come before this convention. . . I am of the opinion that it would be un- 
wise . . to appropriate any of our association funds for that purpose. Per- 
sonally, I would gladly contribute towards a monument to the author of the "Star 
Spangled Banner." . . . Referred to the Committee on contingencies. 

"Caucus to take into consideration the proper formation of our Vigilance Com- 
mittee, . . . with a view to recommending to the Nominating Committee 
such members as are best suited for the work in question." 

Literary Bureau. — " In view of the great importance of the labors of the 
Publication Committee and the growing demand for our publications," $9,000 are 
appropriated for the expenses of this work." 

Committee on Contingencies recommend a committee of three to solicit 
private subscriptions from members of the association towards the erection of a 
monument to the memory of the author of " The Star Spangled Banner." 

(It is now in order for the N. W. C. T. U. to solicit funds from the brewers' asso- 
ciation to erect a monument in memory of the author of "Home, Sweet Homef) 



191 

" Report of the Committee on Restrictive Legislation." 
$5,000 for the brewers in Michigan. $5,000 for Texas. $3,000 for Tennessee. 

Mr. Henry Clausen, Jr., of N. Y., on behalf of the board of 
trustees, asked " the passage of a resolution levying an extra assess- 
ment to an amount equal to our annual dues, on the members of 
the association." 

" We find that within the last year it has been necessary for your 
association to make extraordinary efforts, pecuniarily, in order to 
defend the rights of its members' . . . that in the coming year 
we must be in a position to defend members against the onslaughts 
of our opponents in many of the states. The Prohibition movement 
in the West and in the Southern States has grown so rapidly, and 
our enemies are fortified with such material aid{?), that it is neces- 
sary for this association to strain its energy to the utmost, if it wishes 
to hold its ground." 

Not yet " to the utmost," Henry, Jr. Your " strain " will be hard enough to break 
a blood vessel in your pockets before your contest against the will of the people 
is ended. You thought you had an easy walk over, but you'll find to your pe- 
cuniary sorrow that now there's a lion in the way. The American people are 
not so easily coerced in their laws, manners, customs or institutions, as a lot of 
law-defying, insolent foreigners fondly but foolishly imagined. All your boasted 
success has hitherto been gained by the trickery of the managers of the Repub- 
lican and 'Democratic parties. The Prohibition party has come to stay until 
liquordom shall be clothed in sackcloth and ashes for its unparalled crimes. The 
people are now awake to the true situation ; you and your pro-liquor parties are 
rapidly nearing the end of your destructive and diabolical career. 

" What can be avoided 
Whose end is purposed by the mighty gods?" 

Mr. C. continues: "I would like to call the attention of the 
members of this convention to the fact that the board of trustees 
feel the necessity of securing the best legal talent in the country in 
order to defend our position. We find that in the State of Maine, 
. they have recently so amended the act as to make the pos- 
session of a U. S. revenue license, and even the application for 
such a license, prima facie evidence that a person has sold or dis- 
posed of intoxicating drinks, either distilled or fermented. The 
U. S. revenue collector in the State of Maine, under instruction 
from the higher authorities at Washington, refused, when summoned 
to appear before the inferior courts of the State of Maine, to give 
testimony as to who had made application at his office for a license. 
For this refusal, which was construed as contempt of court, he was 
placed in jail, and retained there until the court adjourned." 

(If rt prohibition don't prohibit," as liquordom asserts, at least it makes the way 
of the transgressor very hard.) 

" The state authorities arrested the U. S. Government official 

because he refused to communicate information which he was not 

obliged to communicate to state officers ; such information bein£ 

needed to procure the arrest of individuals suspected of having 

made application for a revenue license/ ' 



192 

(He is ibliged by law to give the required information. 

The United States officials are likely to learn that the States of this Union have 
some rights which the Federal Government must respect. But don't you wish, 
O brewers, that you had succeeded in having Section 3243, Ke vised Statutes, 
amended to your liking? See pages 42-70.) 

" At present in Lackawanna county, Pa., where they have local 
option, the temperance men are taking the same tack. . . . The 
U. S. district attorney has been instructed in both cases to defend 
the collectors, but I am sorry to state that the latter are in a some- 
what unfortunate position at present. I have it from reliable sources 
that our authorities at Washington have requested our attorney to 
see that associate counsel be sent to Maine and Pennsylvania to aid 
the district attorney of the United States in protecting the govern- 
ment against the aggressive attitude of local courts." 

Mr. Clausen then read a long letter from John Walruff, of Leavenworth, Kansas, 
detailing his experience as to the effectiveness of prohibition in his case. Were 
the man's sufferings not brought on by persistent and brazen violations of law, 
his letter would be pitiful; as things are, it is about time to teach these lawdefiers 
that prohibition does prohibit, when enforced. 

Mr. W.'s letter has been generally published throughout the Union. Later he 
wrote from Lawrence, Kansas, May 21, 1887, to the secretary of the U. S, B. 
Association. 

"Dear Sir: — As much as I desire to attend the 27th Annual 
Convention of our association, I am unable to come to Baltimore. 
The reason for this is plain and simple : I am incarcerated in our 
county jail. You will be astonished, and ask, for what? For the 
only reason that I have committed the enormous crime of selling beer 
at wholesale." . , 

(" Prohibition don't prohibit !" Of course not ! 

The brewers think it astonishing that their long immunity from punishment 
should at last be disputed, and they, like other violators of the law, should find 
themselves in its clutches. Their miserable victims have been fined, jailed, im- 
prisoned for life, or hung, according to the degree of their crime, under the influ- 
ence of the "spirit" of the brewery or the still. The "trade" had nothing to do 
but to grow rich in proportion as its victims grow poor. It is high time that the 
" spirit" of its dream of further devastating millions shall change.) 

" Question being called for, the resolution authorizing the levying 
of an extra assessment equal to the annual dues, and to be collected, 
together with the said annual dues, was voted upon and unani- 
mously adopted" 

Fermented liquors produced during the fiscal year of 1887, 23,121,526 barrels. 
Increase over 1886 of 2,410,593 barrels, of 31 gallons each. 

Mr. Leo Ernst, of Chicago, Illinois, moved "that the pledge 
entered into at St. Louis, Missouri, in reference to brewers' troubles 
with their employees, "be reaffirmed at this convention.' ' The 
president said: U I would remind you also, gentlemen, that one of 
the labors of the newly elected vigilance committee is that of secur- 
ing, in the various States, the signatures not only of members of our 



193 

association, but of brewers who may be outside of our organization, 
to this pledge. . . . All in favor of re-affirming this pledge, 
proposed at St. Louis, by which we bind ourselves, whenever labor 
troubles arise in any city, to refrain from entering that market, ex- 
cept to supply our own regular trade, will signify the same by saying 
aye. Unanimous assent." Dr. Alexander Dunbar, of Washing- 
ton, was introduced, as desiring to read to the convention his pam- 
phlet, entitled C *A Defence of the Liquor Traffic.'' 
(Coals to Newcastle, Dr. Dunbar.) 

The doctor was limited to ten minutes, and, proceeding to read 
from manuscript, was interrupted by a motion " that a certain 
number of copies of his address be printed and circulated for the 
use of the members." The motion to print was amended, to submit 
the address to the board of trustees for action. 

Mr. K. W. Clifford, of St. Paul, Minn., Section of the North Western Brewers' 
Association, consisting of Minnesota^ Iowa, and Northern 'Wisconsin, and com- 
prising a membership of about forty, was introduced to the convention, for the 
purpose of inviting the association to hold its next annual meeting at either Minne- 
apolis or St. Paul. The latter place was selected. The Twenty-eighth Conven- 
tion will meet in May, 1888, in St. Paul, Minn. Three cheers and a tiger for the 
brewers and maltsters of Baltimore. A vote of thanks, with three cheers, without 
the tiger, to the press. 

Mr. Henry Clausen, of New York, submitted the following : 

" Whereas, Yielding to a natural impulse of hospitality, the 
Hon. Mayor of the city consented, at the request of our Baltimore 
colleagues, to welcome the delegates to this convention, as is custom- 
ary in such cases in all lands where civility and the ordinary 
amenities of life count for anything ; and 

" Whereas, For this he has been censured and vilified by some 
of his fellow-townsmen in a manner that surpasses our humble 
understanding ; 

"Resolved, That the thanks of the association be voted to the Hon. 
James Hodges for the courtesy he has shown, and that we express our 
admiration for the genuinely American manliness he has displayed 
under very trying circumstances. " Adopted with three cheers. 
(Is a sacrifice so small too much for a reward so great?) 

Mr. De La Vergne, of New York, thought " it would be a proper 
thing if this association should, in some substantial way, render 
service to Mr. John Waldruff." Mr. Reuter moved " that the matter 
be referred to the board of trustees, with power to act." Adopted. 

The president said: " Every year this organization becomes of 
greater necessity to the brewers of the land. . . . Whenever 
a member of our association can use his influence to bring a new 
member in, he should do it. You have appropriated large sums of 
money here to-day. We do not know whether these sums will be 
the last ; probably they will not. 

("Woes cluster ; . . . They love a train ; they tread each other's heel") 

13 



194 

*' The fight we are engaged in against prohibition may be a very 
long one. Before we part, I desire to ask you to do everything that 
may lie in your power to maintain and uphold our association, and 
to accelerate its growth." 

Twenty-seventh convention adjourned sine die. 

X. B. — Since the Twenty-fourth Convention, 1884, no politicae reso- 
lutions have been passed! Why ? Can it be that their publication was 
embarrassing to self-styled temperance candidates ? 

" The man that once did sell the lion's skin 
While the beast lived, was killed with hunting him." 

In answer to the brewers' lies about Maine, 
the Labor Commissioner of that State says: "We have exact official figures 
which show that the prison population of Maine is less, according to population, 
than that of any other State in the Union.' ' He doubts whether there are 500 
paupers in almshouses in the State, the whole expense of aiding the poor in 1886 
not having exceeded $300,000. 



195 



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198 
The Commission of Inquiry. 

The record herein set forth of the contemptuous treatment by the Congress 
of the United States of this bill is a shameful one. For fourteen years the people 
of each state and territory, and of the District of Columbia, have vainly petitioned 
the national Congress for an official inquiry into the relations of the liquor traffic 
to the Republic and its people. The agents of the National Temperance Society 
have had charge of the work. Until recently the Board of Managers of this 
Society have been almost exclusively representative constituents of the Republican 
Party — prominent and influential men. The Republican Party has always 
claimed to be " the true temperance party." Until within three years the 
national Government was administered by this party for more than a quarter of a 
century. It had a majority in the Senate, and in the House there have always 
been, even since democratic ascendancy, enough democrats favoring the bill and 
willing to co-operate with the republicans for its enactment into law during any* 
Congress since its first introduction, fourteen years ago. How comes it, that Louis 
Schade, Attorney for the United States Brewers' Association, has been able, at 
each and all of its annual conventions, to exultingly report his easy defeat of this 
bill ? This man and the vile organization of 800 foreigners which he represents are 
of more consequence in the estimation of the nation's legislators than the National 
Temperance Society, with its large and intelligent American membership, and 
the millions of American petitioners, the male portion of which have, until 
recently, largely worked and voted for these same insolent, treacherous and lying 
Republicans, sending them to Congress to do the dirty work of the mash-tub and 
the still. 

Where lies the fault? Who is to blame? These questions are respectfully 
submitted to the consideration of professing temperance and an ti -saloon repub- 
licans ; especially are they commended to the attention of the oft- insulted and 
snubbed republican members of the National Temperance Society. 

Inasmuch as the Brewers' Association seems to have a wholesome fear of the 
W. C. T. U. (see Report' of Advisory Committee to the Convention, 1886), and as 
this organization has succeeded in obtaining from the same Congress that repeated 
its annual insults to the N. T. S., the only important temperance law enacted since 
the Republican party came into power, it is respectfully suggested to the N. T. S., 
albeit there is no woman on its Board of Managers, to solicit the assistance of the 
N. W. C. T. U. in the passage of this all-important bill. 

It cannot be too strongly urged upon the people to investigate the causes of the 
paramount influence in Congress of the Brewers' Association and its attorney, 
with their limited means, outside of the saloons, of reaching the people. Until 
very recently they have had no library or tracts, and even as yet very meagre 
resources in that line ; no men of learning or social influence ; no pulpit ; no col- 
leges or schools ; no corps of employees on generous salaries — (until 1884, when he 
was voted $2,000, Louis Schade, their attorney, only received $1,500 per annum 
for his uniformly successful work) ; no paid agents always in the field ; no peti- 
tions and manifold other passports to success ; all these lacking to the brewers, but 
possessed in full degree by the National Temperance Society. In the interests of 
temperance, it is time for the N. T. S., to see if, with its influential membership 
and large means, it cannot better compete in the United States Congress with 
Louis Schade, the attorney for the Brewers' Association ! 

N. B. — The Committee of Ways and Means, of which Hon. W. D. Kelley, of Pennsylvania,- 
called the Father of the House, was so long the Chairman, is par excellence the liquor dealer*' 






199 

Committee. Mr. Kelley is a staunch Republican. In the Senate the Finance Committee, of 
which Hon. John Sherman was for years the Chairman, enjoys the distinctive honor of the 
liquor dealers' patronage. Mr. Sherman is also a staunch Republican. The fourteen years' 
failure on the part of these men, both of whom are all-powerful in Congress, to push to succew, 
despite Louis Schade, the Inquiry Bill, ought to cause their constituents to ask some very 
le-arching questions, and not to take very abundant stock in the veracity of the tie-uses sure to be 
given. 
Whebe there's a will, there's a way. 

Prohibition and Total Abstinence. 

The relation of these principles is that of cause and effect. Prohibition is in 
its nature a political issue ; total abstinence a moral issue ; vet the one cannot, 
except in isolated cases, obtain without the support of the other. The animal is 
vet so far in the ascendant in man that civil law is the sine qua non to civilization. 
Man is still far, very far, from that stage of development where he can, under the 
constant strain of selfishness, trust himself to be a law unto himself, although 
such ts his future destiny, even on this mundane sphere. Meanwhile, the function 
of the civil law is to hold the animal in check until the man grows strong enough 
to protect himself. Law is, as has been said, a baby-jumper, enabling the unde- 
volped man to exercise all his parts while learning to stand or walk alone without 
the risk of injury or disfigurement. 

As the great drama of civilization progresses, little by little man outgrows the 
animal — first he sheds the skin, then the nature. 

Appetite is the citadel of the animal nature and will be the last intrenchment 
to surrender. But the brute once conquered the onward and upward march of the 
man will be glorious. To prosecute to victory the long siege necessary, man needs 
and has a right to demand, all the aid, comfort, and strength that the law, hi< i hosen 
sovereign, can give him. Hence the obligation of enforced prohibitory liquor 
laws, state and national, statute and constitutional. The need of the man of this 
age, country, and civilization calls for such succoring and protecting laws to help 
him on and up. 

To all unprejudiced observers it must be plain that intoxicants are the present 
great stumbling-stone in the way of man's march to the better and higher life to 
which he is destined, and that their removal is not a thing within human prevention, 
but is a necessity of the law of human progress. Total abstinence from all that 
perverts and degrades and separates man from his God is the divine law, as is also 
"Lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from the evil one. v Total abstinence 
applies to the individual: ''Lead us not into temptation," so far as prohibitory 
liquor laws are concerned, to the state. 

It seems to be a mistake to apply the word temperance in connection with 
alcoholic beverages, since the very nature of alcohol is as greedy as a sponge, or, 
as Dr. Benjamin Richardson, elsewhere cited, states it : " The attraction of alcohol 
for itself is cumulative. So long as it is present in a human body, even in small 
quantities^ the longing for it, the sense of requirement for it, is present, and, as the 
amount of it insidiously increases, so does the desire." 

Experiment and experience unite to confirm the truth of this teaching. These 
being the facts in the case, temperance, according to its definition by lexicog- 
raphers, appears to be a very dangerous probation. Total abstinence is evi- 
dently the word and the action needed. But man with his inherited or acquired 
animalism cannot, under the almost all-pervasive legalized temptations of the 
Government, totally abstain from a beverage, however dangerous, so pleasing and 
seductive to the average appetite as is alcohol. 



200 

u How oft the sight of means to do ill deeds 
Makes deeds ill done." 

This is as true now as when Shakspeare uttered it. Tience we find in the 
irrevocable law of human progress not only full justification for the prohibition 
of the traffic in alcoholic beverages, but also an imperative obligation to establish 
all means necessary to accomplish this end. 
"Our natures do pursue 
Like rats that ravin down their proper bane 
A thirsty evil : and when we drink we die." 

" NON-PARTISANSHIP." 
This is the correlative of "Do not take Temperance into Politics." The man 
who follows an enemy's advice is quite certain to fall into a trap. How in 
the name of common sense are we to attain and retain a policy so hotly contested 
and of such fundamental and far-reaching political importance as is prohibition, 
without the aid and strength of a special political party therefor ? 

A quarter of a century ago liquor entered the political domain as an organized 
power, and its solid vote has ever since been its sine qua non of political support 
for party and individuals. While mercenary party leaders and press were busy 
chloroforming the temperance conscience by arguments false as dicer's oaths, 
making a mockery of temperance by petitions and pledges, and ribbons and other 
playthings, and singing to the tune of the Pirate's Chorus: "Do not take tem- 
perance into politics," the " Trade," unopposed, securely entrenched itself within 
both Republican and Democratic parties, and by its criminal methods so demoral- 
ized the parties fraternizing it, that all self-respecting men, much more those who 
wish the legal overthrow of the liquor traffic, must practically declare a separation 
from the pollution. " Who would be free, himself must strike the blow." It is 
too late, gentlemen, to preach or teach, except to imbeciles, such political nonsense as non- 
partizan<hip) where fundi (mental political issues are involved, and bitterly resisted by 
foreign foes daily reinforced by thousands of immigrants. By the Judas' ballot the 
Republic has been sold and betrayed into the hands of its enemies; by the Patriot 
ballot must it be redeemed and rehabilitated. 

"A weapon that comes down as still 
As snowflakes fall upon the sod ; 
But executes a freeman's will, 

As lightning does the will of God ; 
And from its force, nor doors nor locks 
Can shield you ;— 'tis the ballot-box." 

The Necessity of a Prohibition Party. 

Prohibition is an interest of law. In this country we are governed by political 
parties. We have, to be sure, written constitutions, state and federal, but a 
political party, so long as it is in possession, has in its power not only the dictation, 
but, practically, the interpretation and administration of all laws. Political 
parties are formed by voters aggregated by sympathy around a certain central 
principle. So long as this nucleus is sound and living it radiates health and 
wholesome activity throughout the entire organization; conversely, when it 
becomes hollow and dying it infects with the poison of its own decay all members 
who do not seek safety by entire separation from the corrupt and corrupting 
organization. No observer of the gradual disintegration of the two old parties 
can fail to understand the cause of their undoing. They are falling to pieces 



201 

from their inward rottenness. There is no longer a distinctive principle separat- 
ing the one from the other and forming two well-defined parties. They have so 
mixed and mingled that, like confluent small-pox, they form one undistinguish- 
able mass of corruption scabbing over the offices. The quarantine flag gives 
warning to all men who fear death or moral pitting to keep distant from the 
hyphenated lazaretto. 

Meanwhile the principles destined to vivify and energize this generation are 
pushing for recognition and sympathy. None so stupid or blind but must see and 
feel that the destruction of the legalized liquor traffic is the sound, living principle 
by which the true men of the day shall be magnetized. 

This principle can no more act upon the Kepublican-Democratic party than a 
magnet can act upon the neutral line. Moreover, the Republican-Democratic party 
— now only the "dead or dying forms of what were once living facts" — could not, 
even if not yet in extremis, adopt the principle or practice of the prohibition of 
alcoholics, and live. The hyphenated party has always controlled a constituency 
coalescing on other principles, but opposite as the poles on the liquor issue. So 
long as the party could keep this issue dormant, all was quiet on the Potomac. 
But as soon as either factor became aggressive, the fate of a divided house was in- 
evitable. Protracted intestine revolt is as fatal to the body politic as to the body 
physical. 

In a republic like ours it is a moral impossibility for men of a "good moral 
character," even a slight degree above that required for the high honor and privi- 
lege of keeping a dram-shop, to work and vote in harmony with men at war with 
conscience. 

When the nature of political parties is considered, it will be apparent that a 
separation of antagonistic elements is not only inevitable, but is also highly de- 
sirable by all upright, self-respecting men. 

" Come out from among them, and be ye separate," is sound philosophy as well 
as wise political hygiene. For an intelligent man to remain a member, active or 
passive, of a political party hostile, indifferent, or compromising where his 
conscience is involved, is a 6iu against God and a grievous wrong to his own 
soul. And for a political party through its press and other machinery to advise, 
ridicule, or force men to commit this iniquity is a sin against human nature and 
a crime against the republic. Of this double offence the Republican, as a dis- 
tinctive party, is self-convicted. For years it has used all its power to thus de- 
moralize and degrade men. Tf this party were guiltless in all other respects, 
these atrocities are enough to damn it. And for this wickedness it must die. 
* TJie wages of sin is death.' 1 

Before the two parties had coalesced, and the Democratic was integral, that or- 
ganization was a self-confessed liquor party. It deceived no one, since it made no 
so-called temperance professions. Affiliating with it the voter knew that he was 
supporting the liquor traffic ; and, in so far as the Democratic party as such has 
always been open and declared in its liquor policy, practising no hypocrisy, ob- 
taining no temperance votes under false pretences, it is far less guilty, far Jess dan- 
gerous to the Republic than its late opponent. 

Now that theso parties having no distinctive principles or policy are, in fact, 
practically one : 

11 Two souls with but a single thought (spoils I, 
Two hearts that beat as one " — for place and pelf. 

were there no new party representing a living issue to which the people can 
rally, the Republic would soon be reduced to a state of despotism or anarchy. 



202 

The organization of the Prohibition Party must have been an inspiration from 
the Supreme Ruler and Arbiter of the nations of the earth, Who, foreseeing the 
country's need, prepared this instrumentality to meet it. Ever since the organi- 
zation of the United States Brewers' Association, in 1862, the liquor traffic has 
been by them forced into politics and has become from year to year increasingly 
rich, strong, aggressive, and defiant. The treacherous advice, " Do not take tem- 
perance into politics," so long reiterated to temperance men in the Republican 
party, paralyzed their conscience and their vote. Meanwhile the liquor element, 
taking advantage of this fatuity, has so intrenched itself in the councils of the 
now hyphenated party that the attempt to dislodge it, even if made in good 
faith with temperance, would be suicidal. The party's leaders understand the 
situation perfectly, and, of course, yield to the inevitable. Liquor will tolerate 
no divided allegiance — no " half loaf" nonsense. There remains no alternative, 
if Americans are not willing to surrender their Republic and all it stands for, to- 
foreign despotism and depravity than for them to hasten the up-building of the 
Prohibition Party, national and state, for its ubiquity and power must be co-ex- 
tensive with its task and with its antagonist. The liquor traffic at present per- 
vades and poisons all the channels of the Republic's life and activities, social and 
political ; legislative, executive, and judicial. 

The reader of these " reports" of the work of the United States Brewers' Asso- 
ciation for the past twenty-five years, must see the situation and the impending 
and irrepressible conflict which liquor and its political allies are forcing upon the 
people. He must also see that, as liquor has acquired its power almost solely 
through politics, its dethronement can only be compassed in the same field of action* 
" One fire burns out another's burning." 
Licensed by law the liquor traffic can only be prohibited by law. Laws are 
enacted and enforced only througli the agency of political parties. No political 
party can or will enact and enforce a law strongly and persistently resisted by a 
large portion of its constituency. The liquor traffic has demonstrated its control in 
the past of both republican and democratic parties, and now the hyphenated 
party cannot emancipate itself and live. 

A cancer once lodged permeates and vitiates the entire system. Death only can 
end its ravage. 

It is as impossible as it would be irrational for prohibitionists to remain in 
liquor license parties where they would have to abdicate their principles and 
submit to the dictation of their liquor partners or spend time and strength in 
wrangling. Surely the better and quicker, as well as more honorable and digni- 
fied, way for Americans to act is to concentrate their efforts upon a party based 
upon what they consider the one fundamental politico-moral principle of the day, 
viz.: the prohibition of the entire traffic in alcoholic beverages; and this pro- 
hibition, involving, as it does, national and state authority, legislative, executive, 
and judicial, a national and state Prohibition Party is a necessity. 

From President to policeman ; from Governor to constable ; from legislator to 
justice; from judge to jury, each and all must be prohibition's guard of honor if 
success in the work of establishing that polity be the end in view. Amen ! 

" Omission to do what is necessary, seals a commission to a blank of danger > 
and danger, like an ague, subtly taints even then, when we ait idly in the sun." 



203 

VICTORY FOR PROHIBITION. 



THE DECISION OF THE UNITED STATES SUPREME COURT SUSTAINS THE 
STITUTIONALITY OF PROHIBITORY LIQUOB LAWS. 



JUDGE BREWER S OPINION REVERSED AT EVERY POINT. 



THE POWER OF STATES TO SUPPRESS THE LIQUOB TRAFFIC WITHOUT COMPENSATION" AFFIRMED — 
JUSTICE FIELD ALONE DISSENTS. 



ABSTRACT I >F THE OPINION. • * 

Washington. Dec. 5 — {Associated Press Dispatch.} — To-day the opinion of 

the Supreme Court was delivered upon the cases of Peter Mugler against the 
State of Kansas and the State of Kansas against Ziebold & Hagelin. 

"NOT ONE OF THE RIGHTS GROWING OTT OF CITIZENSHIP." 

The opinion was pronounced by Justice Harlan, who said the general ques- 
tion is whether the Prohibition statutes of Kansas are in conflict with that clause 
of the 14th Amendment which provides that "no State shall make or enforce any 
law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United 
States ; nor shall any State deprive any person of his life, liberty or property 
without due process of law." That legislation by a Stare prohibiting the manu- 
facture within her limits of intoxicating liquors, to be there sold or bartered for 
general use as a beverage, does not necessarily infringe any right, privilege or 
immunity secured by the Constitution of the United States is made clear by the 
decisions of this Court rendered before and since the adoption of the 14th 
Amendment. Justice Harlan said that "'so far as such a right exists it is not one 
of the rights growing out of citizenship of the United States." 

GENERAL PRINCIPLES INVOLVING THE RIGHT TO PROHIBIT. 

The Justice referred to the decisions of the Court in the license cases. 5 How- 
ard, 504: Bartemeyer vs. Iowa. 18 Wall, 129. and the Beer Company vs. M 
chusetts, 97, U. S., 33. It was contended, however, he said, that no State Legisla- 
ture had a right to prohibit any person from manufacturing liquor for his own 
use or for export, for the reason that it was an invasion of the personal li 
inherent in citizens. He quoted from the arguments of the liquor men in sup- 
port of this proposition, and that it must be observed that the right to manufac- 
ture drink for one's own use is subject to the restriction that it shall not injuriously 
affect the public. If such manufacture does prejuciiciously affect the rights and 
interests of the community, it follows that society has the power to protect iiself 
by legislation against the injurious c nsequences of that I - -aid 

in Mann vs. Illinois (94 U. $., 124), while power does not exist with the whole 
people to control rights that are purely and exclusively private, Government may 
require ''each citizen to so conduct himself and to use his own property as not 
unnecessarily to injure another." Power to determine such questions so as to 
bind all must exist somewhere ; else society will be at the mercy of a few, who, 
regarding only their own appetites or passions, may be willing to imperil the 
peace and security of the many, provided only they are permitted to do as they 
please. Under our system that power is lodged with the legislative branch of the 
Government. It belongs to that department to exert what are known as the 
police powers of the State. 



204 

The Limitations and Duties of the Court in this Matter. 

It does not at all follow from these principles that every statute enacted osten- 
sibly for the promotion of these ends is to be accepted as a legitimate exertion of 
the police powers of the State. There are, of necessity, limits beyond which leg- 
islation cannot rightfully go. As the courts must obey the Constitution rather 
than the law-making department of Government, it must, upon its responsibility, 
determine whether, in any particular case, these limits have been passed. If, 
therefore, a statute purporting to have been enacted to protect the public health, 
the public morals, or the public safety, has no real or substantial relations to those 
objects, or is a palpable invasion of rights secured by the fundamental law, it is 
the duty of the courts to so adjudge, and thereby give effect to the Constitution. 

Keeping in view these principles as governing the relations with each other of 
the judicial and legislative departments of government, it is difficult to perceive 
any ground for the judiciary to declare that the prohibition by Kansas of the 
manufacture or sale within her limits of intoxicating liquors for general use there 
as a beverage is not fairly adapted to the end of protecting the community against 
the evils which confessedly result from the excessive use of ardent spirits. 

There is here no justification for holding that the State, under the guide merely 
of police regulations, is aiming to deprive the citizen of his Constitutional rights ; 
for we cannot shut out of view the fact, within the knowledge of all, that the pub- 
lic health, the public morals, and the public safety may be endangered by the 
general use of intoxicating drinks ; nor can we ignore the fact, established by 
statistics accessible to every one, that the disorder, pauperism, and crime preva- 
lent in the country are, in a large measure, directly traceable to this evil. If, 
therefore, a State deems the absolute prohibition of the manufacture and sale, 
within her limits, of intoxicating liquors, for other than medical, scientific, and 
manufacturing purposes, to be necessary to the peace and security of society, the 
courts cannot, without usurping legislative functions, override the will of the 
people as thus expressed by their chosen representatives. So far from such a 
regulation being inappropriate to the general end sought to be accomplished, it is 
easy to be seen that the entire scheme of Prohibition, as embodied in the Consti- 
tution and laws of Kansas, might fail if the right of each citizen to manufacture 
intoxicating liquors for his own use as a beverage were recognized. Such a right 
does not inhere in citizenship. Nor can it be said that Government interferes 
with or impairs any one's Constitutional rights of liberty or of property when it 
determines that the manufacture and sale of intoxicating drinks for general or 
individual use as a beverage are or may become hurtful to society and to every 
member of it, and is therefore a business in which no one may lawfully engage. 

This conclusion is unavoidable, unless the 14th Amendment of the Constitution 
takes from the States of the Union those powers of police that were reserved at 
the time the orignal Constitution was adopted. But this Court has declared, 
upon full consideration, in Barbier vs. Connelly (113 U. S., 31) that the 14th 
Amendment had no such effect. The Court in that case said : 

" But neither the Amendment — broad and comprehensive as it is — nor any 
other Amendment was designed to interfere with the power of the State, some- 
times termed its police power, to prescribe regulations to promote the health, 
peace, morals, education, and good order of the people, and to legislate so as to 
increase the industries of the State, develop its resources, and add to its wealth 
and prosperity ." 



205 

No Compensation. 

The defendants contend that, as the primary and principal use of beer is as a 
beverage ; as their respective breweries were erected when it was lawful to engage 
*n the manufacture of beer for every purpose ; as such establisments will become 
of no value as property, or at least will be very materially diminished in value, 
if not employed in the manufacture of beer, the prohibition upon their being so 
employed is, in effect, a taking of property for public use without compensation * 
and consequently a deprivation of property without due process of law.. In other 
words, although the State may lawfully prohibit the manufacture and sale within 
her limits of intoxicating liquors to be used as a beverage, legislation having that 
object in view cannot be enforced against those who at the time happen to own 
property, the chief value of which consists in its fitness for such manufacturing 
purposes, unless compensation is first made to them on account of the diminution 
in the value of their property resulting from such prohibitory enactments. 

This interpretation of the fourteenth amendment is inadmissible. It cannot 
be supposed that the States intended, by adopting the amendment, to impose re- 
straints upon the exercise of their powers of mere policy. The principle that no 
person shall be deprived of life, liberty or property without due process of law 
was embodied in the Constitutions of nearly all if not all of the several States at 
the time of the adoption of the fourteenth amendment. It has never been regarded 
as incompatible with the principle, equally vital, because essential to the peace and 
safety of society, that all property in this country is held under the implied obli- 
gation that the owners' use of it " shall not be injurious to the equal enjoyment of 
others having an equal right to the enjoyment of their property, nor injurious 
to the rights of the community." 

The present case must be governed by principles that do not involve the power 
of eminent domain, in the exercise of which property may not be taken for public 
use without compensation. A prohibition simply upon the use of property for 
specific pnrposes that are declared by valid legislation to be injurious to the health, 
morals or safety of the community cannot, in any just sense, be deemed a taking 
of the property for public benefit. 

The State having the authority to prohibit the manufacture and sale of intoxi. 
eating liquors for other than medical, scientific and mechanical purposes, we do 
not doubt her power to declare that any place kept and maintained for the illegal 
manufacture and sale of such liquors shall be deemed a common nuisance and be 
abated, and at the same time to provide for the indictment and trial of the offender 
against the property used for forbidden purposes, while the other is for the 
punishment of the offender. 

The Right of Injunction Proceedings Upheld. 

As to the objection that the statute makes no provision for a jury trial in cases 
like this one, it is sufficient to say that such a mode of trial is not required in 
suits in equity brought to enjoin a public nuisance. 

Justice Field delivered a dissenting opinion. 

Justice Field Dissents. 
Justice Field concurred in the opinion so far as it related to the two cases on 
which the State of Kansas was defendant, but dissented as to the case of the State 
of Kansas vs. Ziebold. He agreed, he said, to so much of the opinion as sustains 



206 

the validity of the act of Kansas prohibiting the sale of intoxicants which are 
manufactured in the State after the passage of the act. He was not prepared 
however, to say that the prohibition of the manufacture of such liquors, if in- 
tended for exportation, can be sustained, nor that the State can forbid the sale 
under proper regulations for the protection of the health and morals of the 
people of any article which Congress may authorize to be imported. 

He was not ready to admit that New York or any other coast State can thus 
defeat an act of Congress. Neither could he concur in the validity of the thir- 
teenth section of the Prohibition Act of Kansas, because he believed it author- 
ized the destruction of property without due process of law. He could not see 
upon what principle the Legislature, after closing the brewery, can order the 
destruction of liquor which it admits may be valuable for medical or mechanical 
purposes. Nor could he see why the protection of the morals of the State re- 
quired the destruction of bottles and other utensils after the liquor had been 
emptied from them. 

A Liquor Defeat. 

The great fabric of evil which the liquor men have erected in this country is 
tumbling to pieces like a house of cards. Up to within a very short time every 
legal quibble and expedient that could be used in their favor to defeat justice 
was readily admitted by the Courts, and every doubtful enactment was construed 
in their favor. 

It is so no longer. Decision after decision has been given against them lately, 
public officials have begun to enforce the laws against them instead of for them, 
and yesterday the United States Supreme Court gave them a crushing blow by 
deciding the Prohibitory law of Kansas to be Constitutional, and holding that, in 
stopping the manufacture and sale of liquor, a State is not obliged to recompense 
the owners of property used for that business. 

The Court held, very properly, that the State does not destroy the property, or 
take it away, or derive any benefit from it in any way. It simply prohibits its 
use for an unlawful purpose. The proprietors can use it for something else, if 
they choose. 

But Justice Harlan, who delivered the opinion, went even farther than this. 
He boldly declared that breweries and other liquor establishments " injuriously 
affect the rights of the community, and thereby become a nuisance." That the 
community has a clear right to abate a nuisance was settled long ago. 

Being thus based on both legal and moral grounds, the decision is a great tri- 
umph for the anti-liquor party — it is scarcely too much to say the greatest it has 
ever won. — Philadelphia Inquirer, December 6, 1887. 



Is the Vote "Thrown Away?" 
An esteemed political contemporary, the New York Tribune, declares that the 
votes of the Prohibitionists in that State, of which there were 11,000 more this 
year than last, are thrown away, cast into the air. Taking this view of the mat- 
ter, it asks : " Is it not a good time for them to consider whether such a waste of 
the sacred trust reposed in every citizen of a self-governing country can be justi- 
fied to their own consciences?" There is another and a different view of the case 
of the Prohibition voter to be taken, and likely to be tauen, by those who think 



207 

that the claims of country are superior to those of party ; it is, that the citizen 
who votes in accordance with his deliberate judgment and profound conviction of 
right is likely to be the best voter of all, although his vote in the returns may 
count for nothing. Political reform can begin and proceed nowhere else so well 
as in the ballot box, and if every vote which is put in it should happily represent 
the conviction, the opinion even, of the citizen who cast it, the morale of the 
government would be very nearly right. That the Prohibition vote here in 
Pennsylvania represents both thought and conscience in its voters cannot be 
doubted, for it is a vote cast solely for principle's sake, and, though it fail, it is a 
small minority, it cannot truly be said to be wasted. Editorial in Public Ledger, 
Philadelphia, Pa., December 9, 1887. 



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Hon.W. Penn Nixon, Ed. Tnter-Ocean, Chicago, 111. 
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We supplement the above with a letter from a lady of international fame, Mrs. Mary A. Livermore 



Edward L. Wilson, 833 Broadway, N. Y., Editor 

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M. V. Ashbrook, Red Bluff, California. 
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